GP 2.1 - 2.10中英对照整理

Generic Practices by Goals 通用实践和目的

GP 2.1 Establish an organizational policy 建立组织方针

Establish and maintain an organizational policy for planning and performing the Test Design and Execution process. Elaboration The test design and execution policy typically specifies: A set of suitable test design techniques will be identified per test level Test specifications will be supported by templates and standards Test execution will be done using documented test procedures The level of test execution automation required Test incidents are documented and reported using an incident classification scheme Reported test incidents are evaluated, classified and processed according to a documented procedure A basic central test incident repository is put into place

中：建立和维护一个组织策略，用于计划和执行测试设计和执行过程。精化测试设计和执行策略通常规定：将根据测试级别确定一组合适的测试设计技术测试规范将由模板和标准支持测试执行将使用记录的测试程序完成测试执行自动化级别需要测试事件使用事件分类方案记录和报告报告的测试事件根据记录的程序进行评估、分类和处理基本的中央测试事件存储库

GP 2.2 Plan the process

Establish and maintain the plan for performing the Test Design and Execution process.Elaboration Typically, the plan for performing the test design and execution process is included in the test plan, which is described in the Test Planning process area. The activities for test design and execution are explicitly scheduled as part of the test plan.

中：制定并维护执行测试设计和执行计划过程.阐述通常，执行测试设计和执行过程的计划包含在测试计划中，测试计划在测试规划过程区域中进行了描述。测试设计和执行活动被明确地作为测试计划的一部分进行安排。

GP 2.3 Provide resources

Provide adequate resources for performing the Test Design and Execution process, developing the test work products, and providing the services of the process. Elaboration Adequate time is provided to perform the test design and execution activities Experienced individuals, who have expertise in the application domain of the test object and those who have expertise in the development process are available to support the development of the test designs, e.g., participating during reviews Tools to support the test design and execution process are available Examples of tools include the following: Dynamic analysis tools Coverage analysis tools Test design tools Test data preparation tools Test execution tools Incident management tools

中：为执行测试设计和执行过程、开发测试工作产品和提供过程服务提供足够的资源。细化提供足够的时间来执行测试设计和执行活动有经验的个人，他们在测试对象的应用领域有专长，在开发过程中有专长，可以支持测试设计的开发，例如。，在评审过程中，支持测试设计和执行过程的工具有以下几种：动态分析工具覆盖率分析工具测试设计工具测试数据准备工具测试执行工具事件管理工具

GP 2.4 Assign responsibilities

Assign responsibility and authority for performing the Test Design and Execution process, developing the work products, and providing the services of the process.

中：分配执行测试设计和执行过程、开发工作产品和提供过程服务的责任和权限。

GP 2.5 Train people

Train the people performing or supporting the Test Design and Execution process as needed. Elaboration Test engineers, and other individuals or groups, involved in test design and execution, are trained in test design and execution and the accompanying procedures and techniques. Examples of training topics include the following: Formal and informal test design techniques Test specification process Deriving and prioritizing test conditions and developing test designs Development and prioritization of test cases Documenting and prioritizing of test procedures Test execution activities Test specification and test log templates and standards Test incident reporting Test incident management Supporting test design and execution tools

中：根据需要培训执行或支持测试设计和执行过程的人员。精化测试工程师和其他参与测试设计和执行的个人或团体接受测试设计和执行以及相关程序和技术方面的培训。培训主题的例子包括以下内容：正式和非正式的测试设计技术测试规范过程派生测试条件和开发测试设计测试用例的开发和排序测试程序的文档化和排序测试执行活动测试规范和测试日志支持测试设计和执行工具的模板和标准测试事件报告测试事件管理

GP 2.6 Manage configurations

Place selected work products of the Test Design and Execution process under appropriate levels of configuration control. Elaboration Examples of work products placed under configuration management include the following: Test design specifications Test case specifications Test procedure specifications (and/or test scripts) Test execution schedule Test logs Automated test scripts

中：将测试设计和执行过程的选定工作产品置于适当级别的配置控制之下。配置管理下的工作产品的精化示例包括：测试设计规范测试用例规范测试过程规范（和/或测试脚本）测试执行时间表测试日志自动测试脚本

GP 2.7 Identify and involve relevant stakeholders

Identify and involve relevant stakeholders of the Test Design and Execution process as planned. Elaboration Examples of activities for stakeholder involvement include: Reviewing and approving test designs and test cases Executing tests, e.g., for validation purposes by end users Participating in the incident management process, e.g., at CCB meetings

中：按计划确定并参与测试设计和执行过程的相关利益相关者。利益相关者参与活动的详细示例包括：审查和批准执行测试的测试设计和测试用例，例如，参与事件管理过程的最终用户出于验证目的，例如在CCB会议上

GP 2.8 Monitor and control the process

Monitor and control the Test Design and Execution process against the plan for performing the process and take appropriate actions. Elaboration Examples of measures used to monitor and control the test design and execution process include the following: Number of test specifications completed Number of tests executed Percentage of tests passed Number of outstanding defects (per priority level) Defect trends

中：根据执行过程的计划，监控测试设计和执行过程，并采取适当的措施。详细阐述用于监视和控制测试设计和执行过程的措施示例包括：完成的测试规范数量执行的测试数量通过测试的百分比未解决的缺陷数量（每个优先级）缺陷趋势

GP 2.9 Objectively evaluate adherence

Objectively evaluate adherence of the Test Design and Execution process and selected work products against the process description, standards, and procedures, and address any non-compliances. Elaboration Examples of review and/or audit evaluation adherence topics include the following: The usage of test design techniques The compliance of the test specifications (test design, test cases, test procedures) to templates and standards The quality of the test cases The existence and quality level of the test logs Compliance with the incident management process

中：根据过程描述、标准和程序，客观评估测试设计和执行过程以及所选工作产品的符合性，并解决任何不符合项。评审和/或审计评估依从性主题的精化示例包括以下内容：测试设计技术的使用测试规范的符合性（测试设计，测试用例，测试程序）模板和标准测试用例的质量测试日志的存在和质量水平是否符合事件管理流程

GP 2.10 Review status with higher level management

Review the activities, status and results of the Test Design and Execution process with higher level management and resolve issues.

中：与上级管理层一起评审测试设计和执行过程的活动、状态和结果，并解决问题。