Linux环境下配置Java开发环境(JDK, Tomcat, mariadb)

1. Linux环境中配置JDK

2. Linux环境中配置Tomcat

3. Linux环境中配置mariadb

注意:Linux下的安装过程需要以root用户身份进行操作

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1. Linux环境中配置JDK

  Linux环境下配置JDK最简单的办法就是基于yum进行安装, 安装过程:

1. 使用 yum list | grep JDK 命令查看yum中所有的JDK版本
   

2. 找到java-1.8版本的带有devel和x86_64后缀的安装包, Ctrl + Insert复制版本号((java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64))
   

3. 在命令行输入yum install, 并通过Shift + Insert 快捷键将复制好的JDK版本粘贴在Install后面, 按下回车, 系统提示是否确认下载? 按下" y "即可进行下载.

4. 下载好之后,在命令行输入javac, 结果类似以下字样即代表下载成功:
   

2. Linux环境中配置Tomcat

  yum中虽然存在Tomcat, 但是版本太低, 而Tomcat版本需要和JDK版本匹配, 因此, 我们可以将Windows环境下的Tomcat传输给Linux.

1. 在Windows环境中进入Tomcat官网:Apache Tomcat® - Welcome!

2. 点击左侧的Tomcat 8:
   

3. 下载Core选项中的zip:
   

4. 下载好之后, 将下载好的文件拖动到XShell中(注意:拖动的是zip文件)
   

5. 在Linux环境中通过命令unzip 文件名来对zip文件解压缩
   

6. 移动到解压好的Tomcat目录的bin目录下, 通过命令:chmod +x *.sh 来为所有的.sh文件加上可执行权限
   

7. 配置完成, 通过命令: sh startup.sh启动Tomcat
   
   启动成功!

3. Linux环境中配置mariadb

执行安装操作:

安装 mariadb 服务

命令: yum install -y mariadb-server

安装mariadb 命令行客户端

命令: yum install -y mariadb

安装 mariadb C library

命令: yum install -y mariadb-libs

安装 mariadb 开发包

命令: yum install -y mariadb-devel

更改配置文件

1. 使用命令 cd /etc/my.cnf.d/移动到指定目录
2. 使用命令 vim client.cnf 打开client.cnf文件, 此时处于普通模式, 不能修改文件
3. 按下 i 键进入插入模式
4. 在[client] 输入: default-character-set=utf8

结果类似于以下内容:

# These two groups are read by the client library
# Use it for options that affect all clients, but not the server
#


[client]
default-character-set = utf8

# This group is not read by mysql client library,
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# use it for MariaDB-only client options
[client-mariadb]

5. 按下esc返回普通模式. 输入 :wq 保存并退出(注意输入的是冒号wq)
6. 重复2~5步, 通过 vim mysql-clients.cnf 打开mysql-clients.cnf文件, 并在[mysql] 下添加 default-character-set=utf8

结果类似于以下内容:

#
# These groups are read by MariaDB command-line tools
# Use it for options that affect only one utility
#

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8

[mysql_upgrade]

7. 重复2~5步, 通过 vim server.cnf 打开server.cnf文件, 在[mysqld]下添加以下内容:

collation-server = utf8_general_ci

init-connect=‘SET NAMES utf8’

character-set-server = utf8

sql-mode = TRADITIONAL

最终结果类似于:

# These groups are read by MariaDB server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see
#
# See the examples of server my.cnf files in /usr/share/mysql/
#

# this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers
[server]

# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon
[mysqld]
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server = utf8

sql-mode = TRADITIONAL

# this is only for embedded server

启动

启动mariadb服务:

systemctl start mariadb

设置开机自启动

systemctl enable mariadb

查看服务状态

systemctl status mariadb

结果:

● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-07-03 12:17:21 CST; 21s ago
 Main PID: 6619 (mysqld_safe)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
           ├─6619 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
           └─6857 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/my...

使用命令行客户端尝试连接

mysql -uroot

结果:

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

启动成功!

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The End!