Python实验报告

Python 实验报告

实验一

1. 编写程序，生成包含1000个0~100的随机数，并统计每个元素的出现次数

import random as r
dict={}
for key in [r.randint(0,100) for t in range(1000)]:
    dict[key]=dict.get(key,0)+1
print(dict)

2. 编写程序,生成包含20个随机数的列表，然后将前10个元素升序排列，后10个元素降序排列，并生成结果

   法一：

   print(sorted([r.randint(1,10)for i in range(10)])+sorted([r.randint(1,10)for w in range(10)],reverse=True))
   

   法二：

   a=[r.randint(1,10)for i in range(20)]
   print(sorted(a[:10])+sorted(a[10:],reverse=True))
   

实验二

1. 输出所有由1,2,3,4这四个数字组成的素数，并且每个数字在素数中只出现一次。

import itertools as t

def check(num):
	for i in range(2,num):
		if num%i==0:
			return False
	return True

list1=[1,2,3,4]
List=list(t.permutations(list1,4))
list2=[]
for i in List:
	a=0
	for t in i:
		a=a*10+t
	list2.append(a)

for i in list2:
	if check(i)==True:
		print(i)

2. 有一段文字，其中有一单词重复两次，检查重复的单词并只保留一个

   import re
   temp='This is is a desk'
   a=re.compile(r'((\w+)(\s+\1){1,}\b)')
   MR=a.search(MR.group(1),temp)
   print(temp)
   
   

实验三

1. 分别统计大写字母，小写字母，数字，以及其他字符的个数，并以元组的形式返回

   def check(temp):
       a,b,c,d=0,0,0,0
       for i in temp:
           if i.isdigit():
               a+=1
           elif i.islower():
               b+=1
           elif i.isupper():
               c+=1
           else:
               d+=1
   	print('/(a,b,c,d/)')
   if __name__=='__main__':
       i=input('请输入需要检查的字符串')
       check()
   

实验四（1）

1. 从文件“示例.xls”中的名单之中进行抽奖，要求每次抽奖两人，并且这两个人不能来自同一个单位,抽完不放回

   import random
   from tkinter import *
   import threading
   import xlrd
   import os
   from tkinter import messagebox as msgbox
   import pandas as pd
   
   #文件路径
   filename=''
   file=pd.read_excel(filename)
   data=file.values
   a=[]
   b=[]
   c=[]
   d=dict()
   for s in data:
       a.append(s[0])
       d[s[1]]=s[0]
       b.append(s[1])
   n=len(b)
   cnt=0
   while(1):
       cnt+=1
       if cnt>n//2:
           break
       if input('第{0}次抽奖:'.format(cnt))=='y':
           x=random.choice(b)
           y=random.choice(b)
           while y==x or d.get(x)==d.get(y):
               y=random.choice(b)
           print('第{0}次中奖的人为：{1}，{2}'.format(cnt,x,y))
           b.remove(x)
           b.remove(y)
   

实验四（2）

1. 在实验四（1）的基础上添加界面

   import random as r
   from tkinter import *
   import os
   import threading
   import pandas as pd
   from tkinter import messagebox as msgbox
   workplace, name, d = [], [], dict()
   def File():
       #文件路径
       filename = os.getcwd() + '\示例.xls'
       file = pd.read_excel(filename)
       data = file.values
       for s in data:
           workplace.append(s[0])
           d[s[1]] = s[0]
           name.append(s[1])
   root = Tk()
   class lottery:
       def __init__(self) -> None:
           self.__num1, self.__num2 = 0, 0
           File()
           self.root = root
           self.msgbox = msgbox
           self.root.geometry("800x600+280+80")
           self.root.title("抽奖小程序")
           self.button_start = Button(self.root, text="开始抽奖", width=6, command=self.start)
           self.button_stop = Button(self.root, text="结束抽奖", width=6, command=self.stop)
           self.label_str = StringVar()
           self.label_str.set("抽奖马上开始了")
           self.label_winner = Label(self.root, font=("宋体", 20), width=20, height=30, fg="Blue", textvariable=self.label_str)
           self.label_winner.pack()
           self.button_start.place(relx=0.2, rely=0.7)
           self.button_stop.place(relx=0.7, rely=0.7)
           self.ready = 0
           self.root.mainloop()
       def draw(self):
           print('开始滚动显示中将人信息')
           while self.ready:
               index_num1 = r.choice(name)
               index_num2 = r.choice(name)
               while index_num1 == index_num2 or d.get(index_num1) == d.get(index_num2):
                   index_num2 = r.choice(name)
               self.__num1, self.__num2 = name.index(index_num1), name.index(index_num2)
               winner = d.get(index_num1) + index_num1 + '\n' + d.get(index_num2) + index_num2
               self.label_str.set(winner)
           print('中奖的人是' + winner)
           self.msgbox.showinfo('中奖了', '恭喜' + '\n' + winner + '\n' + '您中奖了')
       def start(self):
           print('开始抽奖')
           self.ready = 1
           self.thread = threading.Thread(target=self.draw, args=())
           self.thread.setDaemon(True)
           self.thread.start()
       def stop(self):
           print('抽奖结束')
           global winner
           self.ready = 0
           name.pop(self.__num1)
           name.pop(self.__num2)
   if __name__ == '__main__':
       Lottery=lottery()
   

实验六

1. 使用两台电脑之间的ip地址实现通信(消息互发)

   import socket
   s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
   # 使用ipconfig获取本机的IP地址
   ip=''
   s.bind(('',5000))
   while True:
       data,addr=s.recvfrom(1024)
       print('{0}'.format(data.decode(),addr[1],addr[0]))
       a = input("请输入:")
       s.sendto(a.encode(), (ip, 5000))
       if data.decode().lower()=='bye':
           break
   s.close()
   

实验七

爬虫，任何东西都可以，并保存到文件

1. 爬猫咪的文件

   import urllib.request
   response=urllib.request.urlopen("https://placekitten.com/500/600")
   cat_img=response.read()
   
   with open('cat_500_600.jpg','wb') as f:
       f.write(cat_img)
   

2. 有道翻译 q!退出查询

   import urllib.request
   import urllib.parse
   import json
   import time
   
   while True:
       content=input('输入q！退出程序'+'\n'+'请问需要输入的内容：'+'\n')
       if content=='q!':  
           break
       From='AUTO'
       To='AUTO'
       url="https://fanyi.youdao.com/translate?smartresult=dict&smartresult=rule"
   
       data={}
       data['i']=content
       data['from']=From
       data['to']=To
       data['smartresult']='dict'
       data['client']='fanyideskweb'
       data['salt']='16326332406052'
       data['sign']='3c2a96a52cee4b924b8912cde825a625'
       data['lts']='1632633240605'
       data['bv']='5f70acd84d315e3a3e7e05f2a4744dfa'
       data['doctype']='json' 
       data['version']='2.1'
       data['keyfrom']='fanyi.web'
       data['action']='FY_BY_REALTlME'
   
       data=urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8')
   
       
       req=urllib.request.Request(url,data)
       req.add_header('User-Agent','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/93.0.4577.82 Safari/537.36')
       response=urllib.request.urlopen(req)
       html=response.read().decode('utf-8')    #返回值类型 string
   
   
       target=json.loads(html)
       
       print("查询的结果为：%s"%target['translateResult'][0][0]['tgt'])
   

3. 爬取网页(单纯的HTML源码)

   import urllib.request as req
   
   #url之中填入需要爬取网页的网址，建议学校官网
   url=''
   with open('test.html','wb') as f:
       f.write(req.urlopen(url).read().decode('utf-8'))