总结Linux常用命令使用格式，并用实例说明。例如echo、screen、date、ifconfig、export等命令

linux常用的命令格式一般为commend [option] [file],具体格式可以通过man或者help来查看获得帮助，
例如：echo 等待标准输入，后面可以接字符串，也支持正则表达式

[root@centos ~]#echo 1
1
[root@centos ~]#echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

例如：ifconfig默认什么都不接是显示网卡信息，后面也可以接其他不同的参数

[root@centos ~]#ifconfig -s
Iface      MTU    RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR    TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
ens33            1500    40765      0      0 0         17575      0      0      0 BMRU
lo              65536      132      0      0 0           132      0      0      0 LRU
virbr0           1500        0      0      0 0             0      0      0      0 BMU
[root@centos ~]#ifconfig -v
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.38.105  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.38.255
        inet6 fe80::6df2:7e92:462a:8df3  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:9b:94:7b  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 40773  bytes 40093948 (38.2 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 17580  bytes 2214634 (2.1 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 132  bytes 14100 (13.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 132  bytes 14100 (13.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:d5:ea:62  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@centos ~]#ifconfig -a
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.38.105  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.38.255
        inet6 fe80::6df2:7e92:462a:8df3  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:9b:94:7b  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 40780  bytes 40094496 (38.2 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 17586  bytes 2216520 (2.1 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 132  bytes 14100 (13.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 132  bytes 14100 (13.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:d5:ea:62  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0-nic: flags=4098<BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 52:54:00:d5:ea:62  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

例如：date默认有固定的显示模式，后面接参数可以显示参数的信息

[root@centos ~]#date
Wed Feb  5 21:12:09 CST 2020
[root@centos ~]#date +%F
2020-02-05
[root@centos ~]#date +%T
21:12:22

例如：export可以显示当前bash的环境变量

[root@centos ~]#export
declare -x DISPLAY="localhost:10.0"
declare -x HISTCONTROL="ignoredups"
declare -x HISTSIZE="1000"
declare -x HOME="/root"
declare -x HOSTNAME="centos"
declare -x LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
declare -x LESSOPEN="||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s"
declare -x LOGNAME="root"
declare -x LS_COLORS="rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:mh=00:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:mi=01;05;37;41:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arc=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lha=01;31:*.lz4=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.tlz=01;31:*.txz=01;31:*.tzo=01;31:*.t7z=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.lrz=01;31:*.lz=01;31:*.lzo=01;31:*.xz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.war=01;31:*.ear=01;31:*.sar=01;31:*.rar=01;31:*.alz=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.cab=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.pcx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.webm=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01;35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm=01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.cgm=01;35:*.emf=01;35:*.axv=01;35:*.anx=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=01;36:*.au=01;36:*.flac=01;36:*.mid=01;36:*.midi=01;36:*.mka=01;36:*.mp3=01;36:*.mpc=01;36:*.ogg=01;36:*.ra=01;36:*.wav=01;36:*.axa=01;36:*.oga=01;36:*.spx=01;36:*.xspf=01;36:"
declare -x MAIL="/var/spool/mail/root"
declare -x OLDPWD
declare -x PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin"
declare -x PWD="/root"
declare -x SELINUX_LEVEL_REQUESTED=""
declare -x SELINUX_ROLE_REQUESTED=""
declare -x SELINUX_USE_CURRENT_RANGE=""
declare -x SHELL="/bin/bash"
declare -x SHLVL="1"
declare -x SSH_CLIENT="192.168.38.1 49893 22"
declare -x SSH_CONNECTION="192.168.38.1 49893 192.168.38.105 22"
declare -x SSH_TTY="/dev/pts/0"
declare -x TERM="xterm"
declare -x USER="root"
declare -x XDG_DATA_DIRS="/root/.local/share/flatpak/exports/share:/var/lib/flatpak/exports/share:/usr/local/share:/usr/share"
declare -x XDG_RUNTIME_DIR="/run/user/0"
declare -x XDG_SESSION_ID="60"