1020 Tree Traversals
0、题目
Suppose that all the keys in a binary tree are distinct positive integers. Given the postorder and inorder traversal sequences, you are supposed to output the level order traversal sequence of the corresponding binary tree.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N N N ( ≤ 30 ≤30 ≤30), the total number of nodes in the binary tree. The second line gives the postorder sequence and the third line gives the inorder sequence. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
For each test case, print in one line the level order traversal sequence of the corresponding binary tree. All the numbers in a line must be separated by exactly one space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.
Sample Input:
7
2 3 1 5 7 6 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sample Output:
4 1 6 3 5 7 2
1、大致题意
给出二叉树的先序和中序排列，求层次排列。
2、基本思路
| 序号 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
postorder | 2 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 4 |
inorder | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
可以拿上面那个模拟一下，树长这样
3、解题过程
这里给大家安利一个二叉树和哈夫曼树在线绘制网站。如果感兴趣，可以看附件的 html 文件。
3.1 AC代码
#include<string>
#include<queue>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 50;
struct node {
int data;
node* lchild;
node* rchild;
};
int n;
int pre[maxn], in[maxn], post[maxn];
node* create(int postL, int postR, int inL, int inR) {
if(postL > postR) return NULL;
node* root = new node;
root->data = post[postR];
int k;
for(k=inL; k<=inR; k++) {
if(in[k] == post[postR]) {
break;
}
}
int numLeft = k -inL;
root->lchild = create(postL, postL + numLeft -1, inL, k-1);
root->rchild = create(postL + numLeft, postR-1, k+1, inR);
return root;
}
void BFS(node* root) {
queue<node*> q;
q.push(root);
int num = 0;
while(!q.empty()) {
node* now = q.front();
q.pop();
printf("%d", now->data);
num++;
if(num < n) printf(" ");
if(now->lchild != NULL) q.push(now->lchild);
if(now->rchild != NULL) q.push(now->rchild);
}
}
int main() {
scanf("%d", &n);
for(int i=0; i<n; i++) {
scanf("%d",&post[i]);
}
for(int i=0; i<n; i++) {
scanf("%d",&in[i]);
}
node* root = create(0, n-1, 0, n-1);
BFS(root);
return 0;
}
3.2 附件 - 在线绘制二叉树
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<div><strong>中序是必须的,</strong>只有前序和后序，树基本上不唯一</div>
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<label for="pre" class="col-sm-2 control-label">前序</label>
<div class="col-sm-10">
<input class="form-control" type="text" name="pre" id="pre" value="">
</div>
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<label for="mid" class="col-sm-2 control-label">中序</label>
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<input class="form-control" type="text" name="mid" id="mid" value="HDIBEJAFKCG">
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<script src="./二叉树_files/binarytree.js.下载"></script>
<script>
var compute = function () {
let pre = document.getElementById("pre").value;
let mid = document.getElementById("mid").value;
let back = document.getElementById("back").value;
let preArray = new Array();
preArray = pre.split("");
let midArray = new Array();
midArray = mid.split("");
let backArray = new Array();
backArray = back.split("");
console.log(preArray);
if (midArray.length == 0) {
console.log("中序为空");
alert("中序不得为空");
return;
}
if (preArray.length == 0) {
console.log("前序为空");
let root = backMid(midArray, backArray);
draw(root, 0, 600, 25);
let prearr = preorder(root);
document.getElementById("pre").value = prearr.join("");
} else if (backArray.length == 0) {
console.log("后序为空");
let root = preMid(preArray, midArray);
draw(root, 0, 600, 25);
let post = postorder(root);
document.getElementById("back").value = post.join("");
}
}
var backMid = function (midArr, backArr) {
if (!midArr || midArr.length === 0 || !backArr || backArr.length === 0 || midArr === backArr) return null;
// 获取后序的最后一个值为根节点, 获取中序的根节点的位置，分割成左右子树; 获取中序的左子树， 右子树， 获取后序的左子树和右子树
let rootNode = new BinTree(backArr[backArr.length - 1]);
let index = midArr.indexOf(backArr[backArr.length - 1]);
let midArrLeft = midArr.slice(0, index);
let midArrRight = midArr.slice(index + 1, midArr.length);
let backArrLeft = backArr.slice(0, index);
let backArrRight = backArr.slice(index, backArr.length - 1);
rootNode.left = backMid(midArrLeft, backArrLeft);
rootNode.right = backMid(midArrRight, backArrRight);
return rootNode;
}
var preMid = function (preArr, midArr) {
if (!preArr || preArr.length === 0 || !midArr || midArr.length === 0 || preArr === midArr) return null;
// 获取前序遍历的跟节点, 左子树的长度, 前序左子树，前序右子树， 中序左子树， 中序右子树
let rootNode = new BinTree(preArr[0]);
let index = midArr.indexOf(preArr[0]);
let preArrLeft = preArr.slice(1, index + 1);
let preArrRight = preArr.slice(index + 1);
let midArrLeft = midArr.slice(0, index);
let midArrRight = midArr.slice(index + 1);
rootNode.left = preMid(preArrLeft, midArrLeft);
rootNode.right = preMid(preArrRight, midArrRight);
return rootNode;
}
</script>
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