Linux Centos7安装mysql5.7详细教程【tar包安装】

一. 准备资源

1.准备资源，去官网下载mysql的tar包

1.1点击进入官网地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/

1.2 选择community

1.3 选择5.7对应的版本下载

2.上传tar包到服务器

/usr/local/

二.开始安装

3.卸载系统自带的Mariadb

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64

4.删除etc目录下的my.cnf文件

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf
rm: cannot remove ?etc/my.cnf? No such file or directory

5.检查mysql是否存在

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]#?

6.检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql?
[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# ?cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

7.创建mysql用户组

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# groupadd mysql

8.创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

9.制定password 为111111

[root@hdp265dnsnfs ~]# passwd mysql
Changing password for user mysql.
New password:?
BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome
Retype new password:?
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

10.准备解压安装/usr/local

root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz?
[root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql57

#更改所属的组和用户
[root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# chown -R mysql mysql57/
[root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql57/
[root@hdp265dnsnfs local]# cd mysql57/

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# mkdir data

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chown -R mysql:mysql data

11在etc下新建配置文件my.cnf，并在该文件内添加以下配置

[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8 
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
#设置3306端口
port = 3306 
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql57
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql57/data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB 
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=16M

12.安装和初始化

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql57/ --datadir=/var/mysql57/data/
2017-04-17 17:40:02 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2017-04-17 17:40:05 [WARNING] 2017-04-17T09:40:02.728710Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2017-04-17T09:40:02.729161Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2017-04-17T09:40:02.729167Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 407 (requested 2000)

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf 
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

13.重启

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

14.设置开机启动

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# chkconfig --list mysqld
[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# service mysqld status
SUCCESS! MySQL running (4475)

15.设置环境变量etc/profile/

export PATH=$PATH:/var/mysql57/bin

[root@hdp265dnsnfs mysql57]# source /etc/profile

16.获得初始密码

[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-04-17 17:40:02 
_pB*3VZl5T<6

17. 修改密码

[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.18

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('111111');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

18 .添加远程访问权限

在本机先使用root用户登录mysql： mysql -u root -p"youpassword" 进行授权操作：

mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'youpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;

重载授权表：

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

退出mysql数据库：

exit

19.重启生效

/bin/systemctl restart  mysql.service

[root@hdp265dnsnfs bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart 
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

20. 为了在任何目录下可以登录mysql

ln -s /usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysql   /usr/bin/mysql

三.开启外部访问数据库

21. 开放防火墙端口

firewall-cmd --list-all

22.开放3306端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp

23.查看3306端口是否开放

firewall-cmd --query-port=3306/tcp

24.次查看现在防火墙

firewall-cmd --list-all