【FFmpeg API】avcodec_decode_video2函数简单分析

本博客只是记录自己的学习过程，也许会有错误的地方，请见谅

ffmpeg3版本的解码接口做了不少调整，之前的视频解码接口avcodec_decode_video2和avcodec_decode_audio4音频解码被设置为deprecated，对这两个接口做了合并，使用统一的接口。并且将音视频解码步骤分为了两步，第一步avcodec_send_packet，第二步avcodec_receive_frame，通过接口名字我们就可以知道第一步是发送编码数据包，第二步是接收解码后数据。
在目前avcodec_decode_video2函数处于deprecated废弃状态，但是仍然可以使用

/**
 * Decode the video frame of size avpkt->size from avpkt->data into picture.
 * Some decoders may support multiple frames in a single AVPacket, such
 * decoders would then just decode the first frame.
 *
 * @warning The input buffer must be AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE larger than
 * the actual read bytes because some optimized bitstream readers read 32 or 64
 * bits at once and could read over the end.
 *
 * @warning The end of the input buffer buf should be set to 0 to ensure that
 * no overreading happens for damaged MPEG streams.
 *
 * @note Codecs which have the AV_CODEC_CAP_DELAY capability set have a delay
 * between input and output, these need to be fed with avpkt->data=NULL,
 * avpkt->size=0 at the end to return the remaining frames.
 *
 * @note The AVCodecContext MUST have been opened with @ref avcodec_open2()
 * before packets may be fed to the decoder.
 *
 * @param avctx the codec context
 * @param[out] picture The AVFrame in which the decoded video frame will be stored.
 *             Use av_frame_alloc() to get an AVFrame. The codec will
 *             allocate memory for the actual bitmap by calling the
 *             AVCodecContext.get_buffer2() callback.
 *             When AVCodecContext.refcounted_frames is set to 1, the frame is
 *             reference counted and the returned reference belongs to the
 *             caller. The caller must release the frame using av_frame_unref()
 *             when the frame is no longer needed. The caller may safely write
 *             to the frame if av_frame_is_writable() returns 1.
 *             When AVCodecContext.refcounted_frames is set to 0, the returned
 *             reference belongs to the decoder and is valid only until the
 *             next call to this function or until closing or flushing the
 *             decoder. The caller may not write to it.
 *
 * @param[in] avpkt The input AVPacket containing the input buffer.
 *            You can create such packet with av_init_packet() and by then setting
 *            data and size, some decoders might in addition need other fields like
 *            flags&AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY. All decoders are designed to use the least
 *            fields possible.
 * @param[in,out] got_picture_ptr Zero if no frame could be decompressed, otherwise, it is nonzero.
 * @return On error a negative value is returned, otherwise the number of bytes
 * used or zero if no frame could be decompressed.
 *
 * @deprecated Use avcodec_send_packet() and avcodec_receive_frame().
 */
attribute_deprecated
int avcodec_decode_video2(AVCodecContext *avctx, AVFrame *picture,
                         int *got_picture_ptr,
                         const AVPacket *avpkt);

相信大家都接触到下面这段代码，那么我们从源码分析作用

ret = avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &got_picture, packet);
if(ret < 0){
	printf("Decode Error.\n");
	return -1;
}
if(got_picture){
	..........
}

（1）avcodec_decode_video2()的作用是解码一帧视频数据。输入一个压缩编码的结构体AVPacket，输出一个解码后的结构体AVFrame
（2）对输入的字段进行了一系列的检查工作：例如宽高是否正确，输入是否为视频等等。
（3）通过ret = avctx->codec->decode(avctx, picture, got_picture_ptr,&tmp)这句代码，调用了相应AVCodec的decode()函数，完成了解码操作。
（4）对得到的AVFrame的一些字段进行了赋值，例如宽高、像素格式等等。
（5）ret返回的是接收的字节数，如果字节数为0则代表错误
（6）got_piture 如果没有帧被解压（decompressed），就会返回0,否则非零
（7）pCodecCtx（AVCodecContext）在使用之前需要被avcodec_open2（）函数打开
（8）输入缓冲区的大小必须大于AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE

参考：ffmpeg 源代码简单分析 ： avcodec_decode_video2()