动态路由之OSPF协议综合实验

实验配置了OSPF路由器,进行了子网划分、网关和环回地址设定,通过设置DR优先级确保AR3成为DR。配置了OSPF路由,包括区域划分、网络宣告,并使用MD5手工认证。实施了路由汇总以减少路由条目,并配置了空接口。通过ping测试验证了网络的连通性。
摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

实验内容及拓扑图如下:

 先进行子网划分如下:

192.168.1.0/24总地址

192.168.1.0 0000000/25——192.68.1.0/25 左区域

192.168.1.0 00 00000/27——192.168.1.0/27   骨干区域网段
192.168.1.0 01 00000/27——192.168.1.32/27 AR1环回
192.168.1.0 10 00000/27——192.168.1.64/27 AR2环回
192.168.1.0  11 00000/27——192.168.1.96/27 AR3环回

192.168.1.1 0000000/25——192.168.1.128/25 右区域

192.168.1.1 0 000000/26——192.168.1.128/26骨干区域网段
192.168.1.1 1 000000/26——备用

 

 配置网关及环回地址

配置AR1 接口IP,环回地址

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 27  //0/0/0IP地址
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[r1]interface loopback 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 27  //环回地址
[r1-LoopBack0]q

[r1]display ip interface brief

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              192.168.1.1/27       up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         192.168.1.33/27      up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s) 

配置AR2 接口IP地址,环回地址

[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 27
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[r2]interface loopback 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 27
[r2-LoopBack0]q

[r2]display ip interface brief

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              192.168.1.2/27       up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         192.168.1.65/27      up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)  

配置AR3 接口IP地址,环回地址

[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.3 27
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.129 26
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

[r3]interface loopback 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.97 27
[r3-LoopBack0]q

[r3]display ip interface brief

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              192.168.1.3/27       up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              192.168.1.129/26     up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         192.168.1.97/27      up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)  

配置AR4 接口IP地址,环回地址

[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.130 26
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[r4]interface loopback 0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24
[r4-LoopBack0]q

[r4]display ip interface brief

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              192.168.1.130/26     up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down       down      
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      
LoopBack0                         4.4.4.4/24           up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s) 

配置AR4的缺省路由

实现AR4环回不宣告也能ping通

[r4]ospf
[r4-ospf-1]default-r	
[r4-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always

将AR1和AR2的优先级设置为0

目的:不参加选举,让AR3作为DR

AR1

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

AR2

[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

启动OSPF——配置RID启动ospf、创建区域、宣告

AR1

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.1.33
[r1-ospf-1]area 0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.33 0.0.0.0

AR2

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.1.65
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.65 0.0.0.0

AR3

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 192.168.1.97
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.97 0.0.0.0

[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.129 0.0.0.0

AR4

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 1
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.130 0.0.0.0

设置手工认证

两边的keyid必须一样

AR1

[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999

AR2

[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999

AR3

[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999

[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999

AR4

[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 9999

手工汇总

实现减少路由条目

将area0的环回192.168.1.32/27,192.168.1.64/27,192.168.1.95/27

汇总为192.168.1.0/24

[r3]ospf
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0

配置空接口

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 25 NULL 0
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 25 NULL 0

测试

[r1]ping 192.168.1.130
  PING 192.168.1.130: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms

  --- 192.168.1.130 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 40/46/60 ms

[r1]ping 4.4.4.4
  PING 4.4.4.4: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=40 ms

  --- 4.4.4.4 ping statistics ---
    4 packet(s) transmitted
    4 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 40/52/60 ms

[r1]ping 192.168.1.65
  PING 192.168.1.65: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=60 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=60 ms

  --- 192.168.1.65 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 50/56/60 ms
[r2]ping 192.168.1.130
  PING 192.168.1.130: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=50 ms

  --- 192.168.1.130 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 50/50/50 ms

[r2]ping 192.168.1.97
  PING 192.168.1.97: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=80 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.97: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=50 ms

  --- 192.168.1.97 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 50/56/80 ms

[r2]ping 4.4.4.4
  PING 4.4.4.4: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=50 ms

  --- 4.4.4.4 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 30/40/50 ms

[r2]ping 192.168.1.33
  PING 192.168.1.33: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=70 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=50 ms

  --- 192.168.1.33 ping statistics ---
    4 packet(s) transmitted
    4 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 40/52/70 m
[r3]ping 192.168.1.1
  PING 192.168.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms

  --- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 40/46/50 ms

[r3]ping 4.4.4.4
  PING 4.4.4.4: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 4.4.4.4: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms

  --- 4.4.4.4 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/23/30 ms

[r3]ping 192.168.1.130
  PING 192.168.1.130: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.130: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms

  --- 192.168.1.130 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/20/20 ms

[r3]ping 192.168.1.65
  PING 192.168.1.65: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=70 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms

  --- 192.168.1.65 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 40/53/70 ms
[r4]ping 192.168.1.1
  PING 192.168.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms

  --- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 40/50/60 ms

[r4]ping 192.168.1.65
  PING 192.168.1.65: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.65: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=60 ms

  --- 192.168.1.65 ping statistics ---
    4 packet(s) transmitted
    4 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 50/55/60 ms

[r4]ping 192.168.1.3
  PING 192.168.1.3: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms

  --- 192.168.1.3 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/23/30 ms

[r4]ping 192.168.1.33
  PING 192.168.1.33: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.33: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=50 ms

  --- 192.168.1.33 ping statistics ---
    3 packet(s) transmitted
    3 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 50/56/60 ms

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