HCIPospf综合实验

实验内容

实验分析
IP地址划分

先按区域划分6个网段
172.16.0.0/19：area 0
骨干：
172.16.0.0/25—p2p
172.16.0.128/25—MA
用户：
172.16.1.0/25 172.16.1.128/25 … 172.31.128/25

172.16.32.0/19：area 1
172.16.64.0/19：area 2
172.16.128.0/19：area 3
172.16.160.0/19：RIP

1.r4配置ip和环回，r4直连设备使用公网ip（34.1.1.1、45.1.1.1、46.1.1.1、47.1.1.1）

2.r3—r5/6/7配置MGRE，r3中心站点

3.全ospf的ip配置按172.16.0.0/16划分

4.area0配置缺省路由，配置acl，可访问r4环回

5.减少lsa更新量，进行网络汇总，添加末梢，加快收敛，减少hello时间，保障安全，区域配置区 域认证

6.全网可达，全网配置ospf协议

拓扑搭建

配接口地址和环回地址

[r1]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.33.1 25
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.129 29

[r2]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.33.129 25
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.130 29

[r3]int g/0/2
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
[r3]int g/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.131 29
[r3]int lo0
[AR3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 25

[r4]int lo 0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
[r4-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 45.1.1.2 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 46.1.1.2 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 47.1.1.2 24

[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.1.1.1 24
[r5]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.1 25

[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 46.1.1.1 24
[r6]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.64.1 30
[r6]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.129 25

[r7]innt g0/0/0
[AR7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.1.1.1 24
[r7]int lo0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.1 25
[r7]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.96.1 30

[r8]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.97.1 29
[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.96.2 30
[r8]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.96.5 30

[r9]int lo0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.129.1 25
[r9]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.128.1 30
[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.96.6 30

[r10]int lo0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.129.129 25
[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.128.2 30

[r11]int lo0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.65.1 25
[r11]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.64.2 30
[r11]int g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.64.5 30

[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.64.6 30
[r12]int lo0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.1 20
[r12]int lo1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.176.1 20

公网

area0配置缺省路由

[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.1.1.2
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.1.1.2
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.1.1.2
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.1.1.2

area0配置mgre
[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.129 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.1.1.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.130 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source 45.1.1.1
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 34.1.1.1 register
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.131 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source 46.1.1.1
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 34.1.1.1 register
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.132 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source 47.1.1.1
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 34.1.1.1 register
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

配置ospf命令

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.3.255
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.129 0.0.0.0

[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.1.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.1 0.0.0.0

[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.1 0.0.0.0

[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]area 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.6 0.0.0.0
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]area 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.1.255

[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]area 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.6 0.0.0.0
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

完善area0邻居配置

[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

[r6]int t 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

重发布
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2

节省更新量

汇总

[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0

[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0

末梢

[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]area 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
rip向area0发送七类，如果之前发送的三类拥有该条，则不转发
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]
[AR11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[AR12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

9到10的缺省
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise

全网可达，访问r4环回

[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000

[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

保障安全，区域认证

如

authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

减少hello时间，加快收敛

如

ospf timer hello 10（dead time自动更新，为hello时间4倍，邻居时间需要一致）

实验结果