Chapter 9
函数 | 含义 |
---|---|
shutil.copy(source,destination) | 将路径source处的文件复制到路径destination处的文件夹 |
shutil.copytree(source,destination) | 将路径source处的文件夹复制到路径destination(新文件名)处的文件夹 |
shutil.move(source,destination) | 移动和改名:移动source处的文件夹,返回新路径的字符串;移动文件,返回包括原来的文件名的路径 |
os.unlink(path) | 删除path处的文件 |
os.rmdir(path) | 删除path处的空文件夹 |
shutil.rmtree(path) | 永久删除path处的文件夹(包含内部所有文件和文件夹) |
send2trash.send2trash(path) | 将path文件(夹)发送到回收站 |
os.walk(path) | 返回字符串列表,用for循环可遍历path文件夹 |
import os
for foldername,subfolder,filename in os.walk('C:\\Users\\hl\\Downloads'):
print('The current folder is: '+foldername)
for subfolder in subfolder:
print('SUBFOLDER OF '+foldername+' : '+subfolder)
for filename in filename:
print('FILENAME OF '+foldername+' : '+filename)
print("")
>>>
SUBFOLDER OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : Stardock
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : desktop.ini
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : lxml-4.5.1-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : pyperclip-1.8.0.tar.gz
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : python-3.8.3-amd64.exe
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : python学习(1.2).md
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : Scrapy-2.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : text2.mp3
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : text2audio.mp3
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : Twisted-19.10.0-cp38-cp38-win_amd64.whl
FILENAME OF C:\Users\hl\Downloads : wheel-0.34.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
The current folder is: C:\Users\hl\Downloads\Stardock
zipfile 模块压缩文件
>>> import shutil,os,zipfile
>>> os.chdir('C:\\Users\\hl\\Desktop\\caogao') #改变当前工作路径
>>> azip=zipfile.ZipFile('caogao.zip')
>>> azip.namelist() #文件中所有文件夹和文件的字符串列表
['caogao/', 'caogao/answerquiz1.txt', 'caogao/answerquiz2.txt', 'caogao/answerquiz3.txt', 'caogao/answerquiz4.txt', 'caogao/answerquiz5.txt', 'caogao/answerquiz6.txt', 'caogao/capitalquiz1.txt', 'caogao/capitalquiz2.txt', 'caogao/capitalquiz3.txt', 'caogao/capitalquiz4.txt', 'caogao/capitalquiz5.txt', 'caogao/capitalquiz6.txt', 'caogao/hi.txt']
>>> ainfo=azip.getinfo('caogao/hi.txt')
>>> ainfo.file_size #原来文件的大小
42
>>> ainfo.compress_size #压缩后的文件大小
42
>>> azip.extractall() #将压缩文件解压到当前文件夹
>>> azip.extract ('caogao/hi.txt','C:\\Users\\hl\\Desktop\\学校') #将文件解压到指定文件夹
'C:\\Users\\hl\\Desktop\\学校\\caogao\\hi.txt'
>>> azip.close()
# 创建压缩文件,必须以写模式打开,类似于open函数
>>> zzip=zipfile.ZipFile('z.zip','w') # 创建z.zip
>>> zzip.write ('hi.txt',compress_type