javaWeb—过滤器Filter

过滤器Filter

对一些数据在请求前或者响应后进行处理

实现Filter接口(servlet包下的)

例子与配置

package com.szz.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class TestFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        //过滤器初始化，服务器启动就会自动执行
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        //所有过滤器相关代码都在这里
        /*
        * 处理乱码问题
        * */
        servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        //以下这句必写，让过滤器执行下去(因为过滤器可能有多个)，不写的话，程序到这里就会被拦截无法进行下去
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        //过滤器销毁，服务器关闭就自动销毁
    }
}

在web.xml文件下配置过滤器

<!--  配置过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>TestFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.szz.filter.TestFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
<!--  设置/filter路径下的所有路由都使用该过滤器-->
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>TestFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/filter/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

测试结果

servlet类

package com.szz.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

//用来测试过滤器
public class TestFilter extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        //上面这句不设置的话可能出现乱码，通过过滤器来解决
        resp.getWriter().print("天天傻兮兮");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

配置servlet

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>TestFilter</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.szz.servlet.TestFilter</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>TestFilter</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/filter/test</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>TestFilter</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/test</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

由于过滤器设置的过滤路径是/filter/*,所以此时访问/test会出现乱码，访问/filter/test内容正常

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