#引入:查询每个部门的员工个数SELECTCOUNT(*)FROM employees WHERE department_id=90;
1.简单的分组
#案例1:查询每个工种的员工平均工资SELECTAVG(salary),job_id
FROM employees
GROUPBY job_id;#案例2:查询每个位置的部门个数SELECTCOUNT(*)AS 部门个数,location_id
FROM departments
GROUPBY location_id;
2、可以实现分组前的筛选
#案例1:查询邮箱中包含a字符的 每个部门的最高工资SELECTMAX(salary),department_id
FROM employees
WHERE email LIKE'%a%'GROUPBY department_id;#案例2:查询有奖金的每个领导手下员工的平均工资SELECTAVG(salary),manager_id
FROM employees
WHERE commission_pct ISNOTNULLGROUPBY manager_id;#案例3:查询有奖金的每个领导手下员工的最高工资SELECTMAX(salary),manager_id
FROM employees
WHERE commission_pct ISNOTNULLGROUPBY manager_id;
3、分组后筛选
#案例:查询哪个部门的员工个数>2#①查询每个部门的员工个数SELECTCOUNT(*)AS 个数,department_id
FROM employees
GROUPBY department_id;#② 筛选刚才①结果SELECTCOUNT(*),department_id
FROM employees
GROUPBY department_id
HAVINGCOUNT(*)>2;#案例2:每个工种有奖金的员工的最高工资>12000的工种编号和最高工资SELECT job_id,MAX(salary)FROM employees
WHERE commission_pct ISNOTNULLGROUPBY job_id
HAVINGMAX(salary)>12000;#案例3:领导编号>102的每个领导手下的最低工资大于5000的领导编号和最低工资
①
SELECT manager_id,MIN(salary)FROM employees
GROUPBY manager_id;
②
SELECT manager_id,MIN(salary)FROM employees
WHERE manager_id>102GROUPBY manager_id ;3SELECT manager_id,MIN(salary)FROM employees
WHERE manager_id>102GROUPBY manager_id
HAVINGMIN(salary)>5000;
4.添加排序
#案例:每个工种有奖金的员工的最高工资>6000的工种编号和最高工资,按最高工资升序SELECT job_id,MAX(salary) m
FROM employees
WHERE commission_pct ISNOTNULLGROUPBY job_id
HAVING m>6000ORDERBY m ;
5.按多个字段分组
#案例:查询每个工种每个部门的员工的平均工资SELECTAVG(salary),department_id,job_id
FROM employees
GROUPBY job_id,department_id;#案例:查询每个工种每个部门的最低工资,并按最低工资降序SELECTMIN(salary),job_id,department_id
FROM employees
GROUPBY department_id,job_id
ORDERBYMIN(salary)DESC;
语法:select 查询列表from 表【where 筛选条件】group by 分组的字段【order by 排序的字段】;特点:1、和分组函数一同查询的字段必须是group by后出现的字段2、筛选分为两类:分组前筛选和分组后筛选 针对的表 位置 连接的关键字分组前筛选 原始表 group by前 where 分组后筛选 group by后的结果集 group by后 having①分组函数做条件肯定是放在having字句中②能用分组前筛选的,就优先考虑使用分组