Mybatis学习使用心得

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-16 22:33:03 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_48450154/article/details/131680092

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Mybatis使用心得

【一些踩坑】
【Mybatis常用相关注解汇总——有遗漏会补充】

在使用mybatis时，我建议使用比较新版本的IDEA，因为我之前使用了2018版本的IDEA（也是学校里带出来的老版本，发现在使用plugin的mybatisx插件时，与2018版本的IDEA不兼容，于是就正好改用了2023的最新版本【破解方法】。顺带我也改了我的mysql Driver的版本，算是鸟枪换炮，新技术配新工具。
经过一段时间的捯饬，终于搞定了，于是我开始准备使用mybatis。要说mybatis最大的好处，目前看来我觉得是其动态SQL的功能，类似于前端html语言中的标签写法，在mysql查询语句中，需要用到的where，set等关键词都有对应的标签，使用起来很方便，帮助省去了大量的sql语句的编写，动态sql的实现主要是if标签，可以设置test关键字作为if条件，从而达到了动态sql的效果。

在这里插入图片描述

【一些踩坑】

1.配置文件application.properties

#配置数据库的连接信息 - 四要素
#驱动类名称
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
#数据库连接的URL
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false
#连接数据库的用户名
spring.datasource.username=xxx
#连接数据库的密码
spring.datasource.password=xxxxx

#导入mybatis的日志包
mybatis.configuration.log-impl=org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
#设置驼峰命名规则
mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true

2.Mapper文件中函数不能重名

这个问题其实是在正常不过的一个问题，之所以会出现是因为，作为一个初学者，SQL的查询语句是可以在xml文件中配置，也可以在mapper文件中直接通过注解进行设置的，
在这里插入图片描述

这是两个不同文件中的函数，于是我在配置时疏忽了两个文件中函数名不可重复，所以我在两个不同的文件中用了相同的函数名，从而产生了报错，

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext

	at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:98)
	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:124)
	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:118)
	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)
	at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:43)
	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:248)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.postProcessTestInstance(SpringExtension.java:138)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$8(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:363)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.executeAndMaskThrowable(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:368)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$9(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:363)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1654)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.forEachRemaining(StreamSpliterators.java:312)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:735)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:734)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:658)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.invokeTestInstancePostProcessors(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:362)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance$6(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:283)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:282)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$4(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:272)
	at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:369)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$5(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:271)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.TestInstancesProvider.getTestInstances(TestInstancesProvider.java:31)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$prepare$0(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:102)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:101)
	at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:66)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$prepare$2(NodeTestTask.java:123)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.prepare(NodeTestTask.java:123)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:90)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1540)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:35)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
	at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:54)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:107)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:88)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute$0(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:67)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:52)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:114)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:86)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncherSession$DelegatingLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncherSession.java:86)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.SessionPerRequestLauncher.execute(SessionPerRequestLauncher.java:53)
	at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:57)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater$1.execute(IdeaTestRunner.java:38)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.TestsRepeater.repeat(TestsRepeater.java:11)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:35)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:232)
	at com.intellij.rt.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:55)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'empMapper' defined in file [E:\Desktop\JavaWebProjects\springboot-mybatis-crud\target\classes\com\itheima\mapper\EmpMapper.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Mapped Statements collection already contains value for com.itheima.mapper.EmpMapper.update
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1804)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:620)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:936)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:734)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:408)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308)
	at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:132)
	at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:141)
	at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:90)
	... 72 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Mapped Statements collection already contains value for com.itheima.mapper.EmpMapper.update
	at org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean.checkDaoConfig(MapperFactoryBean.java:83)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.DaoSupport.afterPropertiesSet(DaoSupport.java:44)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1863)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1800)
	... 87 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Mapped Statements collection already contains value for com.itheima.mapper.EmpMapper.update
	at org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration$StrictMap.put(Configuration.java:872)
	at org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration$StrictMap.put(Configuration.java:844)
	at org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration.addMappedStatement(Configuration.java:668)
	at org.apache.ibatis.builder.MapperBuilderAssistant.addMappedStatement(MapperBuilderAssistant.java:302)
	at org.apache.ibatis.builder.annotation.MapperAnnotationBuilder.parseStatement(MapperAnnotationBuilder.java:351)
	at org.apache.ibatis.builder.annotation.MapperAnnotationBuilder.parse(MapperAnnotationBuilder.java:134)
	at org.apache.ibatis.binding.MapperRegistry.addMapper(MapperRegistry.java:72)
	at org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration.addMapper(Configuration.java:741)
	at org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean.checkDaoConfig(MapperFactoryBean.java:80)
	... 90 more

主要的错误就是这句

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'empMapper' defined in file [E:\Desktop\JavaWebProjects\springboot-mybatis-crud\target\classes\com\itheima\mapper\EmpMapper.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Mapped Statements collection already contains value for com.itheima.mapper.EmpMapper.update

我逛了半天csdn找到的方法都不是针对我的，所以大家要耐心看错误呀！

3.驼峰命名规则

驼峰命名主要是因为，我们设置数据库时，往往会建立一个带有“_”（下划线）的字段名，但是在java中我们往往采取驼峰命名规则，于是就会产生额外的工作量，因此我们可以在配置文件中配置驼峰命名规则，但是设置了此配置以后，我们就必须遵守其命名规则：也就是数据库中使用下划线命名，java实体类中采取驼峰命名，我个人觉得这是一种很好的规范，能帮助写代码的人和读代码的人都快速的理解代码中字段的含义，一目了然。

#设置驼峰命名规则
mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true

4.Parameter ‘ids’ not found.

这是一个批量删除逻辑的错误，在进行批量删除时，需要传入一个list或者collusion参数，也就是需要传入多个参数值，因此需要在mapper文件下的函数的参数前加入注解@Param(“xxx”)

public void deleteByIds(@Param("ids") List<Integer> ids);

【Mybatis常用相关注解汇总——有遗漏会补充】

1.@RequestBody

如果需要从前端传入的参数是一个实体类中的几个属性值，那么可以使用requestbody注解，使得传入参数自动创建一个实体类对象，简化了参数，非常方便。
在新增部门操作编写时，前端明显需要传回有关部门实体的所有参数，所以，如果逐个传参非常臃肿，于是我们就可以采用requestbody注解，让springboot帮我们根据前端传回的数据帮我们创建一个dept对象，直接传给后端。
此外，我们也不用担心实体对象中的各项参数如何对应，我们只需要让实体对象的属性名和后端编写代码中的相同，以及我的springboot项目中采用了驼峰命名规则（具体规则文中有）各个属性名与传入参数名会一一对应。
RequestBody一般处理application/json、application/xml格式的数据

	 /**
     * 新增部门
     * @param dept
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping
    public Result insert(@RequestBody Dept dept){
        log.info("新增部门：{}",dept);
        deptService.insert(dept);
        return Result.success();
    }

2.@PathVariable

在我们需要使用路径参数的时候PathVariable发挥了巨大的作用，比如我们需要删除某个id值对应的员工，我们就可以设计/delete/{id}的接口，将对应id通过路径传参的方式传入到后端。

     /**
     * 删除部门参数
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public Result delete(@PathVariable Integer id){
        log.info("根据部门id删除：{}",id);
        deptService.delete(id);
        return Result.success();
    }

3.@RequestParam

我暂时用到了defaultvalue参数，用于指定参数的默认值。在一些业务场景中还是很常见的。比如分页初始页面，page和pageSize参数都需要默认值

4.@DateTimeFormat

顾名思义，该注解是用于规范化时间参数格式的，pattern参数用于设置时间参数格式

/**
     * 分页查询员工列表
     * @param page
     * @param pageSize
     * @param name
     * @param gender
     * @param begin
     * @param end
     * @return
     */
    @GetMapping
    public Result page(@RequestParam(defaultValue = "1") Integer page,
                       @RequestParam(defaultValue = "10") Integer pageSize,
                       String name, Short gender,
                       @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd") LocalDate begin,
                       @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd") LocalDate end){
        log.info("分页查询员工列表，参数{},{},{},{},{},{}",page,pageSize,name,gender,begin,end);
        PageBean pageBean = empService.page(page,pageSize,name,gender,begin,end);
        return Result.success(pageBean);
    }