C语言：指针二

1.失效指针

#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int* GetArray()
{
	const int n = 10;
	static int ar[n] = { 12,23,34,45,56,67,78,89,90,100 };//静态内存关键字，可使数组在程序结束后开辟的空间不被释放
	return ar;
 }//malloc free开辟的空间在堆区
int main()
{
	int* ip = nullptr;
	ip = GetArray();

	for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
	{
		printf("%x", ip[i]);
	}
	return 0;
}//失效指针

2.指针和指针不能相加，指针可以和整型类型相加，指针和指针可以相减（有头无尾）元素个数。
同类型指针变量，指针比较地址高低
3.指针相减后的数值为数组stra的存放的数值

#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int my_strlen(const char* str)
{
	assert(str != nullptr);
	const char* cp = str;
	while ('\0' != *cp)
	{
		cp = cp + 1;
	}
	return (int)(cp - str);
}
int main()
{
	char stra[30] = {"yhping"};
	int len = my_strlen(stra);

	printf("%d \n", len);
	return 0;
}

4.利用拷贝函数将stra和srab之中的数值互换。

#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int my_strlen(const char* str)
{
	assert(str != nullptr);
	const char* cp = str;
	while ('\0' != *cp)
	{
		cp = cp + 1;
	}
	return (int)(cp - str);
}
void my_strcpy(char* dest, const char* src)//dest:目的操作数src:源操作数
{
	assert(dest != nullptr && src != nullptr);
	int i = 0;
	while ('\0' != src[i])
	{
		dest[i] = src[i];
		++i;
	}
	dest[i] = '\0';
}
int main()
{
	char stra[30] = { "yhping" };
	char strb[30] = {};
	char strc[30] = {};
	my_strcpy(strb, stra);

	printf("stra=%s \n", stra);
	printf("stab=%s \n", strb);

	return 0;
}//方法一

#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int my_strlen(const char* str)
{
	assert(str != nullptr);
	const char* cp = str;
	while ('\0' != *cp)
	{
		cp = cp + 1;
	}
	return (int)(cp - str);
}
void my_strcpy(char* dest, const char* src)//dest:目的操作数src:源操作数
{
	assert(dest != nullptr && src != nullptr);
	char* p = dest;
	while ('\0' != *src)
	{
		*p = *src;
		p++;
		src++;
	}
	*p = '\0';
}
int main()
{
	char stra[30] = { "yhping" };
	char strb[30] = {};
	char strc[30] = {};
	my_strcpy(strb, stra);

	printf("stra=%s \n", stra);
	printf("stab=%s \n", strb);

	return 0;
}//方法二

5.将stra,strb,strc互相拷贝。

char* my_strcpy(char* dest, const char* src)//dest:目的操作数src:源操作数
{
	assert(dest != nullptr && src != nullptr);
	char* p = dest;
	while ('\0' != *src)
	{
		*p = *src;
		p++;
		src++;//*p++ = *src++;
	}
	*p = '\0';
	return dest;
}
int main()
{
	char stra[30] = { "yhping" };
	char strb[30] = {};
	char strc[30] = {};
	my_strcpy(strc, my_strcpy(strb,stra));

	printf("stra=%s \n", stra);
	printf("stab=%s \n", strb);
	printf("stac=%s \n", strc);

	return 0;
}

6.逆置函数

#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void Swap_Int(int* ap, int* bp)
{
	assert(ap != nullptr && bp != nullptr);
	int tmp = *ap;
	*ap = *bp;
	*bp = tmp;
}//交换函数
void Print_Ar(const int* br, int n)
{
	assert(br != nullptr);
	for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
	{
		printf("%d ", br[i]);
	}
	printf("\n");
}//打印函数
void ResArray(int* br, int left, int right)
{
	assert(br != nullptr);
	while (left < right)
	{
		Swap_Int(&br[left++], &br[right--]);
	}
}//逆置函数
void Left_Move_Array_K(int* br, int n, int k)
{
	assert(br != nullptr && n > 0);
	k = k % n;
	ResArray(br, 0, k - 1);
	ResArray(br, k, n - 1);
	ResArray(br, 0, n - 1);
}//左移函数
int main()
{
	const int n = 10;
	int ar[n] = { 12,23,34,45,56,67,78,89,90,100 };
	Print_Ar(ar, n);
	Left_Move_Array_K(ar, n, 3);
	Print_Ar(ar, n);

	return 0;
}

运行结果，左移三位