mysql二进制安装

已于 2022-08-02 14:13:13 修改
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文章标签： mysql linux 数据库
于 2022-07-27 17:54:21 首次发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_48619783/article/details/126020248
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本文详细介绍了如何在Linux环境下进行MySQL的二进制安装，包括创建用户、解压软件包、配置环境变量、设置数据目录、初始化数据库和配置文件。同时，讲解了多表查询的基础概念，特别是交叉查询（笛卡尔积）的应用，并通过实例展示了如何进行多表数据匹配。
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MySQL进阶

文章目录

1.mysql二进制安装

//去mysql官网下载二进制的mysql软件包
[root@hwf ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

//创建一个mysql用户
[root@hwf ~]# useradd -M -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql	

//解压二进制MySQL软件包
[root@hwf ~]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@hwf ~]# ls /usr/local/
bin  games    lib    libexec                              sbin   src
etc  include  lib64  mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  share

//为MySQL软件包创建软连接
[root@hwf local]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
[root@hwf local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  17 Jun 28 14:19 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root  47 Jul 27 13:02 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x  9 root root 129 Jul 27 13:02 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Jun 28 14:19 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jul 22 17:09 src

//修改/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[root@hwf local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@hwf local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root  root   17 Jun 28 14:19 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx  1 mysql mysql  47 Jul 27 13:02 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x  9 root  root  129 Jul 27 13:02 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jun 22  2021 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root  root   49 Jun 28 14:19 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root  root    6 Jul 22 17:09 src

//添加环境变量
[root@hwf bin]# echo 'export PATH=//usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@hwf bin]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
//映射头文件
[root@hwf mysql]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@hwf mysql]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
//生效MySQL的man
[root@hwf mysql]# vim /etc/man_db.conf 
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/share/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/apache/man
MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/mysql/man

//创建mysql数据存放目录
[root@hwf mysql]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@hwf mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data
[root@hwf mysql]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Jul 27 13:28 data

//初始化数据库，最有一段的数字就是随机密码，每一次初始化的密码都是不一样的
[root@hwf mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir=/opt/data
2022-07-27T05:30:06.174683Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-07-27T05:30:06.507037Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-07-27T05:30:06.532849Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-07-27T05:30:06.537924Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 2c5f176b-0d6d-11ed-b4b9-000c291ef509.
2022-07-27T05:30:06.538323Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-07-27T05:30:06.760472Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-27T05:30:06.760496Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-07-27T05:30:06.760876Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-07-27T05:30:06.854244Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pgWsevgXF8+b

//生成启动配置文件
[root@hwf ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql			//MySQL存放路径
datadir = /opt/data					//MySQL数据存放位置
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock			//套接字
port = 3306							//指定的端口号
pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid		//进程存放的位置
user = mysql						//用户
skip-name-resolve					//跳过名字解析
sql-mode = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

[root@hwf ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service .
[root@hwf ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  runtime
lv1              pubic                                       sshd.service
[Unit]
Description=mysql server daemon
After=network.target sshd-keygen.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@hwf ~]# mv sshd.service mysql.service		//改个名字
[root@hwf ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg  mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  pubic
lv1              mysql.service                               runtime
[root@hwf ~]# mv mysql.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@hwf ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@hwf ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
[root@hwf ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; generated)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-07-27 15:58:28 CST; 6s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 3836 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCES>
  Process: 3856 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCC>
    Tasks: 28 (limit: 23502)
   Memory: 177.7M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           ├─3861 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pi>
           └─3958 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=>

Jul 27 15:58:27 hwf systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...
Jul 27 15:58:28 hwf mysqld[3856]: Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
Jul 27 15:58:28 hwf systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL

//修改登录的临时密码
[root@hwf ~]# mysql -uroot -p-6U-Ql8sbWde		//用随机的密码登录
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.38

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password = password('123456');		//修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@hwf ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456		//重新登录
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

2.mysql配置文件

mysql的配置文件为/etc/my.cnf
配置文件查找次序：若在多个配置文件中均有设定，则最后找到的最终生效

/etc/my.cnf --> /etc/mysql/my.cnf --> --default-extra-file=/PATH/TO/CONF_FILE --> ~/.my.cnf

mysql常用配置文件参数：

参数说明
端口 = 3306设置监听端口
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock指定MySQL的安装路径
basedir = /usr/local/mysql指定MySQL的安装路径
datadir = /data/mysql指定MySQL的数据存放路径
pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid指定进程ID文件存放路径
user = mysql指定MySQL以什么用户的身份提供服务
跳过名称解析禁止MySQL对外部连接进行DNS解析
使用这一选项可以消除MySQL进行DNS解析的时间。若开启该选项，
则所有远程主机连接授权都要使用IP地址方式否则MySQL
将无法正常处理连接请求

3.多表联合查询

3.1什么是多表联合查询

多表查询就是同时查询两个或两个以上的表。
在 MySQL 中，多表查询主要有交叉连接、内连接、外连接、分组查询与子查询等5种

3.2交叉查询
3.2.1笛卡尔积

//交叉查询的语法

SELECT <字段名> FROM <表1> CROSS JOIN <表2> [WHERE子句];
SELECT <字段名> FROM <表1>, <表2> [WHERE子句];

（1）查询 tb_students_info 表中的数据，SQL 语句和运行结果如下：

mysql> create table tb_students_info(id int not null primary key auto_increment,name varchar(50),age tinyint, sex varchar(4),height float,course_id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into tb_students_info (name,age,sex,height,course_id) values('Dany',25,'M',160,1),('Green',23,'M',158,2),('Henry',23,'W',185,1),('Jane',22,'M',162,3),('Jim',24,'W',175,2),('John',21,'W',172,4),('Lily',22,'M',165,4),('Susan',23,'M',170,5),('Thomas',22,'W',178,5),('Tom',23,'W',165,5);
Query OK, 10 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 10  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from tb_students_info;
+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
| id | name   | age  | sex  | height | course_id |
+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
|  1 | Dany   |   25 | M    |    160 |         1 |
|  2 | Green  |   23 | M    |    158 |         2 |
|  3 | Henry  |   23 | W    |    185 |         1 |
|  4 | Jane   |   22 | M    |    162 |         3 |
|  5 | Jim    |   24 | W    |    175 |         2 |
|  6 | John   |   21 | W    |    172 |         4 |
|  7 | Lily   |   22 | M    |    165 |         4 |
|  8 | Susan  |   23 | M    |    170 |         5 |
|  9 | Thomas |   22 | W    |    178 |         5 |
| 10 | Tom    |   23 | W    |    165 |         5 |
+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(2）查询 tb_course 表中的数据，SQL 语句和运行结果如下：
mysql> create table tb_course(id int not null primary key auto_increment,course_name varchar(50));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)

mysql> insert tb_course(course_name) values('java'),('mysql'),('python'),('go'),('c+++');
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 5  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from tb_course;
+----+-------------+
| id | course_name |
+----+-------------+
|  1 | java        |
|  2 | mysql       |
|  3 | python      |
|  4 | go          |
|  5 | c++         |
+----+-------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

(3）使用 CROSS JOIN 查询出两张表中的笛卡尔积，SQL 语句和运行结果如下：
mysql> select * from tb_students_info cross join tb_course;
+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+----+-------------+
| id | name   | age  | sex  | height | course_id | id | course_name |
+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+----+-------------+
|  1 | Dany   |   25 | M    |    160 |         1 |  1 | java        |
|  1 | Dany   |   25 | M    |    160 |         1 |  2 | mysql       |
|  1 | Dany   |   25 | M    |    160 |         1 |  3 | python      |
|  1 | Dany   |   25 | M    |    160 |         1 |  4 | go          |
|  1 | Dany   |   25 | M    |    160 |         1 |  5 | c++         |
|  2 | Green  |   23 | M    |    158 |         2 |  1 | java        |
|  2 | Green  |   23 | M    |    158 |         2 |  2 | mysql       |
|  2 | Green  |   23 | M    |    158 |         2 |  3 | python      |
|  2 | Green  |   23 | M    |    158 |         2 |  4 | go          |
|  2 | Green  |   23 | M    |    158 |         2 |  5 | c++         |
|  3 | Henry  |   23 | W    |    185 |         1 |  1 | java        |
|  3 | Henry  |   23 | W    |    185 |         1 |  2 | mysql       |
|  3 | Henry  |   23 | W    |    185 |         1 |  3 | python      |
|  3 | Henry  |   23 | W    |    185 |         1 |  4 | go          |
|  3 | Henry  |   23 | W    |    185 |         1 |  5 | c++         |
|  4 | Jane   |   22 | M    |    162 |         3 |  1 | java        |
|  4 | Jane   |   22 | M    |    162 |         3 |  2 | mysql       |
|  4 | Jane   |   22 | M    |    162 |         3 |  3 | python      |
|  4 | Jane   |   22 | M    |    162 |         3 |  4 | go          |
|  4 | Jane   |   22 | M    |    162 |         3 |  5 | c++         |
|  5 | Jim    |   24 | W    |    175 |         2 |  1 | java        |
|  5 | Jim    |   24 | W    |    175 |         2 |  2 | mysql       |
|  5 | Jim    |   24 | W    |    175 |         2 |  3 | python      |
|  5 | Jim    |   24 | W    |    175 |         2 |  4 | go          |
|  5 | Jim    |   24 | W    |    175 |         2 |  5 | c++         |
|  6 | John   |   21 | W    |    172 |         4 |  1 | java        |
|  6 | John   |   21 | W    |    172 |         4 |  2 | mysql       |
|  6 | John   |   21 | W    |    172 |         4 |  3 | python      |
|  6 | John   |   21 | W    |    172 |         4 |  4 | go          |
|  6 | John   |   21 | W    |    172 |         4 |  5 | c++         |
|  7 | Lily   |   22 | M    |    165 |         4 |  1 | java        |
|  7 | Lily   |   22 | M    |    165 |         4 |  2 | mysql       |
|  7 | Lily   |   22 | M    |    165 |         4 |  3 | python      |
|  7 | Lily   |   22 | M    |    165 |         4 |  4 | go          |
|  7 | Lily   |   22 | M    |    165 |         4 |  5 | c++         |
|  8 | Susan  |   23 | M    |    170 |         5 |  1 | java        |
|  8 | Susan  |   23 | M    |    170 |         5 |  2 | mysql       |
|  8 | Susan  |   23 | M    |    170 |         5 |  3 | python      |
|  8 | Susan  |   23 | M    |    170 |         5 |  4 | go          |
|  8 | Susan  |   23 | M    |    170 |         5 |  5 | c++         |
|  9 | Thomas |   22 | W    |    178 |         5 |  1 | java        |
|  9 | Thomas |   22 | W    |    178 |         5 |  2 | mysql       |
|  9 | Thomas |   22 | W    |    178 |         5 |  3 | python      |
|  9 | Thomas |   22 | W    |    178 |         5 |  4 | go          |
|  9 | Thomas |   22 | W    |    178 |         5 |  5 | c++         |
| 10 | Tom    |   23 | W    |    165 |         5 |  1 | java        |
| 10 | Tom    |   23 | W    |    165 |         5 |  2 | mysql       |
| 10 | Tom    |   23 | W    |    165 |         5 |  3 | python      |
| 10 | Tom    |   23 | W    |    165 |         5 |  4 | go          |
| 10 | Tom    |   23 | W    |    165 |         5 |  5 | c++         |
+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+----+-------------+
50 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查询 tb_course 表中的 id 字段和 tb_students_info 表中的 course_id 字段相等的内容， SQL 语句和运行结果如下：
mysql> select * from tb_course cross join tb_students_info where tb_course.id = tb_sttudents_info.course_id;
+----+-------------+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
| id | course_name | id | name   | age  | sex  | height | course_id |
+----+-------------+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
|  1 | java        |  1 | Dany   |   25 | M    |    160 |         1 |
|  2 | mysql       |  2 | Green  |   23 | M    |    158 |         2 |
|  1 | java        |  3 | Henry  |   23 | W    |    185 |         1 |
|  3 | python      |  4 | Jane   |   22 | M    |    162 |         3 |
|  2 | mysql       |  5 | Jim    |   24 | W    |    175 |         2 |
|  4 | go          |  6 | John   |   21 | W    |    172 |         4 |
|  4 | go          |  7 | Lily   |   22 | M    |    165 |         4 |
|  5 | c++         |  8 | Susan  |   23 | M    |    170 |         5 |
|  5 | c++         |  9 | Thomas |   22 | W    |    178 |         5 |
|  5 | c++         | 10 | Tom    |   23 | W    |    165 |         5 |
+----+-------------+----+--------+------+------+--------+-----------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//查询两表学习java的人
mysql> select tb_students_info.name,tb_course.course_name from tb_students_info cross join tb_course where tb_students_info.course_id = tb_course.id and tb_course.course_name = 'java';
+-------+-------------+
| name  | course_name |
+-------+-------------+
| Dany  | java        |
| Henry | java        |
+-------+-------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//查看学习java的年龄
mysql> select tb_students_info.name,tb_course.course_name,tb_students_info.age fromtb_students_info cross join tb_course where tb_students_info.course_id = tb_course.idd and tb_course.course_name = 'java';
+-------+-------------+------+
| name  | course_name | age  |
+-------+-------------+------+
| Dany  | java        |   25 |
| Henry | java        |   23 |
+-------+-------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

tb_students_info cross join tb_course where tb_students_info.course_id = tb_course.idd and tb_course.course_name = 'java';
+-------+-------------+------+
| name  | course_name | age  |
+-------+-------------+------+
| Dany  | java        |   25 |
| Henry | java        |   23 |
+-------+-------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
1we11
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在Ubuntu系统中，安装MySQL数据库通常有两种方法：一种是通过官方的软件仓库使用apt-get进行安装，另一种则是采用二进制包手动安装。本教程将详细介绍如何在Ubuntu下通过二进制包安装MySQL，这对于那些需要特定版本...
mysql5.7 二进制安装一键安装脚本 for ubuntu
10-29
mysql5.7 二进制安装一键安装脚本 for ubuntu ubuntu 默认shell 是dash 请用 bash执行 /bin/bash mysql5.7_bin_install.sh
mysql 二进制安装包
10-20
mysql 二进制安装包，官网上没找到，上传上去以后用。。。。
【MySQL】二进制安装MySQL
三思博客
04-15 633
【MySQL】二进制安装MySQL 一、基于Ubuntu 二进制安装MySQL8.0 (5.7+适用) 1、创建用户 [root@Node-Ubuntu1804-20:~]# groupadd mysql [root@Node-Ubuntu1804-20:~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /usr/sbin/nologin mysql 2、创建目录 [root@Node-Ub...
MySQL二进制安装
LFCuiYs的博客
10-18 450
本文介绍mysql，二进制安装操作 1、创建用户、组、目录 mkdir /u01/mysql_db -p groupadd mysql useradd -g mysql -r -s /sbin/nologin -M -d /usr/local/mysql mysql 2.配置环境变量 vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh # set mysql export MYSQL...
MySQL5.6 二进制安装
奋斗的小青年
07-10 2925
1、  进入用户家目录创建tools文件夹 1 # cd ~ 2 #mkdir tools 2、下载MySQL5.6二进制包 1 wget http://cdn.mysql.com//archives/mysql-5.6/mysql-5.6.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 3、添加mysql用户和用户组 1 # groupadd
MySQL的二进制安装
m0_73823239的博客
03-02 745
MySQL的安装方式除了常规的源码编译安装外，最常用的还包括YUM方式安装和二进制方式安装。二进制安装方式中，包括rpm版本以及glibc版本。rpm版本就是在特定Linux版本下编译的，如果你的Linux版本不匹配，就可以安装。如下载CentOS7系统所对应编译好的rpm包安装即可。另外一种二进制安装包是基于特定glibc版本编译的，这里主要讲解基于glibc方式安装MySQL。
MYSQL二进制版安装
shenxingshu的专栏
04-16 270
1. 从http://www.mysql.com下载二进制版的Mysql安装包 //这个MYSQL是二进制版的,不用编译 Linux (x86) 5.0.41 59.6M Download | Pick a mirror mysql-5.0.41-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz 2. # chmod 7...
二进制安装MySQL
qq_40907977的博客
12-04 477
我们平时安装MySQL都是源码包安装的，但是由于它的编译需要很长的时间，所以，阿铭建议你安装二进制免编译包。你可以到MySQL官方网站去下载 http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/ 具体版本根据你的平台和需求而定，目前比较常用的为mysql-5.0/mysql-5.1, 5.5版本虽然已经发布有段日子了，但是貌似用在线上跑服务的还是少数。所以，阿铭建议你下载一个5.1的版本。 1.下载mysql到/usr/local/src/ cd /usr/local/src/ wget http
mysql 二进制安装
09-01
在进行MySQL二进制安装之前，请确保已阅读并遵循官方文档或安装指南以确保正确安装和配置MySQL。<span class="em">1</span><span class="em">2</span><span class="em">3 #### 引用[.reference_title] - *1* *3* [二...
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