idea中Javaweb一用工具类连接数据库实现简单登录

这篇文章简单讲一下java如何连接数据库,实现登录.

首先我们来看一下有关数据库的部分

这是数据库编码使用utf-8,存放了账号、密码

---

我们来看一下idea中properties,有关数据库的连接驱动和路径

这里我建立了一个存放properties的包,下面是相关内容

driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver//这里是mysql5.7版本的连接驱动,mysql8版本的驱动自行更改

url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javaweb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false
//这里javaweb是数据库名称,自行更改


username = root
//数据库用户名

password = 123456
//数据库用户的密码

下面我们来看一下项目目录:

jstl和standard架包不需要导入,其他架包、依赖的根据自己进行导入

---

我们先看一下pojo层存放实体类:

package pojo;

public class User {
private String username;
private String password;

public User() {
}

public User(String username, String password) {
    this.username = username;
    this.password = password;
}

public String getUsername() {
    return username;
}

public void setUsername(String username) {
    this.username = username;
}

public String getPassword() {
    return password;
}

public void setPassword(String password) {
    this.password = password;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
    return "User{" +
            "username='" + username + '\'' +
            ", password='" + password + '\'' +
            '}';
}
}

---

dao层接口类:

package dao;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao<T> {

public List<T> queryAll(String username);

}

---

impl实现类:

package dao.impl;

import dao.UserDao;
import pojo.User;
import util.JDBCUtil;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public List<User> queryAll(String username) {
    String sql = "SELECT * FROM tb_user where username=?";
    List<User> userList = JDBCUtil.executeQuery(sql,User.class,username);

    return userList;
}
}

---

service层:

package service;
import dao.UserDao;
import dao.impl.UserDaoImpl;
import pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public class LoginService {


public boolean Login(String username, String password) {

    UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
    List<User> userList = userDao.queryAll(username);

    if (userList.size() > 0) {
        if (password.equals(userList.get(0).getPassword())) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

}

---

servlet层:

package servlet;

import service.LoginService;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet(name = "LoginServlet" ,value = "/LoginServlet")

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {


LoginService loginService = new LoginService();



@Override

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request , HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException{

    // 获取客户端请求 判断是登录请求还是注册请求
    this.Login(request,response);



}

private void Login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ServletException {

    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    HttpSession session = request.getSession();
    String username = request.getParameter("username");
    String password = request.getParameter("password");
    if(loginService.Login(username,password)){
        session.setAttribute("username",username);
        response.sendRedirect("/jsp/index.jsp");
    }else {
        session.setAttribute("msg","账号密码错误");
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/jsp/Login.jsp").forward(request,response);

    }
}

}

---

util工具类:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;



public class JDBCUtil {
static Properties props = new Properties();
static {
    //加载db.properties文件;
    InputStream in = JDBCUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("properties\\db.properties");
        try {
            //加载到Properties集合中
            props.load(in);
            //连接数据库的驱动
            Class.forName(props.getProperty("driverClass"));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

}



/**
 * 获取一个连接对象
 * @return
 */
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
    return DriverManager.getConnection(props.getProperty("url"),props.getProperty("username"),props.getProperty("password"));
}



/**
 * 关闭资源
 */
public  static void close(ResultSet rs ,PreparedStatement pstmt,Connection conn){
    try {
        if(rs!=null){
            rs.close();
        }
        if(pstmt!=null){
            pstmt.close();
        }
        if(conn!=null){
            conn.close();
        }
    }catch (SQLException e){
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}


/**
 * 执行增删改的方法
 * @return
 */
//executeUpdate,用于产生单个结果集的语句,返回值是一个整数，指示受影响的行数（即更新计数）
//Object...parms(变长数组)调用此方法可以不传入参数,Object[]params调用此方法必须传入参数
public static int executeUpdate(String sql,Object... parms){
    //先连接,然后执行数据库语句,最后关闭资源
    Connection conn = null;
    PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
    try {
        conn =JDBCUtil.getConnection();
        pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);

        //给数组集赋值
        if(parms!=null || parms.length>0){
            for(int i=0;i<parms.length;i++){
                //遍历,给每个数组(即数据库的行中的每一列)赋值
                pstmt.setObject(i+1,parms[i]);
            }
        }
        return pstmt.executeUpdate();
    } catch (SQLException throwables) {
        throwables.printStackTrace();
    }

    return 0;
}

/*
Classclass,哪个实现类的方法调用List executeQuery,就将实现类的方法的参数传入List executeQuery做parms
这样就能调用这个封装查询方法
*/

public static  <T> List<T> executeQuery(String sql , Class<T> tClass,Object... parms){
Connection conn=null;
PreparedStatement pstmt=null;
try {

    conn=JDBCUtil.getConnection();
    pstmt=conn.prepareStatement(sql);

    if (parms !=null && parms.length>0){
        for (int i = 0; i < parms.length; i++) {
            pstmt.setObject(i+1,parms[i]);
        }
    }
    return JDBCUtil.parseResultSet(pstmt.executeQuery(),tClass);
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
    throwables.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
    JDBCUtil.close(null, pstmt, conn);
}
return null;

}



/**
 * 解析ResultSet
 *   返回值?
 *   参数?
 *   ResultSet的一条记录的索引位置是从1开始的，而不是从0开始。
 *
 */
public static <T> List<T> parseResultSet(ResultSet rs, Class<T> clazz) throws SQLException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException {
    List<T>  list = new ArrayList<>();
    if(rs == null){
        return null;
    }
    while(rs.next()){
        

        //获取属性
        Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field field : fields) {
            field.setAccessible(true);
            //约定: 属性名与列名一样: 使用别名
            field.set(t,rs.getObject(field.getName()));//t相当于对象的引用
            //找set方法赋值
        }
        list.add(t);
    }
    return list;
}
}

jsp页面:

	<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: Frivolous-Scholar
 Date: 2022/10/18
 Time: 18:34
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/LoginServlet" method="post">

<label>
    用户名:<input type="text" name="username">
</label>
<br>
<label>
    密码:<input type="password" name="password">
</label>


<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
<div>${sessionScope.msg}</div>
</body>
</html>

最后启动tomcat输入账号密码便可.如果出错,请看自己的项目路径是否存在问题