Eureka + Ribbon + restTemplate 实现负载均衡

Eureka + Ribbon + restTemplate 实现负载均衡

提示：本篇文章只适合新手参考（因为我也是才学）

一、搭建Eureka-Server

注：父工程自行搭建

1、创建Eureka-Server模块

右击项目—>new—>Model—>spring initalizr
在选择依赖的时候在spring cloud Discovery中选择Eureka Server

2、配置application.yml

因为eureka server是通过主机名来分别实例的，在C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts文件最后配置IP与主机名的映射

127.0.0.1 eurekaserver1
127.0.0.1 eurekaserver2
127.0.0.1 eurekaserver3

通过- - -隔断配置文件，并分别为其配置spring：profiles：，在启动配置中根据profiles的名字配置启动实例

application.yml的具体配置

---
server:
  port: 8761

spring:
  profiles: eurekaServer1
  application:
    name: eureka-server

#巨坑:   多个配置的spring:application:name需要相同
eureka:
  instance:
#    prefer-ip-address: true
    hostname: eurekaserver1
  client:
    fetch-registry: true
    #开启eureka-server之间相互注册
    register-with-eureka: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eurekaserver2:8760/eureka/,http://eurekaserver3:8759/eureka/

---
server:
  port: 8760

spring:
  profiles: eurekaServer2
  application:
    name: eureka-server

eureka:
  instance:
#    prefer-ip-address: true
    hostname: eurekaserver2
  client:
    fetch-registry: true
    register-with-eureka: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eurekaserver1:8761/eureka/,http://eurekaserver3:8759/eureka/

---
server:
  port: 8759

spring:
  profiles: eurekaServer3
  application:
    name: eureka-server

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eurekaserver3
#    prefer-ip-address: true
  client:
    fetch-registry: true
    register-with-eureka: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eurekaserver2:8760/eureka/,http://eurekaserver1:8761/eureka/

3、添加@EnableEurekaServer

在启动类上添加@EnableEurekaServer注解

二、搭建Eureka-Client

这里的Eureka-Client模块作为服务提供者模块

1、创建Eureka-Client模块

在选择依赖的时候在spring cloud Discovery中选择Eureka Discovery Client

2、配置application.yml

---
#注册中心的URL
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eurekaserver1:8761/eureka/,http://eurekaserver2:8760/eureka/,http://eurekaserver3:8759/eureka/

server:
  port: 8762

spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-client
  profiles: eurekaclient1

---

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eurekaserver1:8761/eureka/,http://eurekaserver2:8760/eureka/,http://eurekaserver3:8759/eureka/

server:
  port: 8763

spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-client
  profiles: eurekaclient2

3、添加@EnableEurekaClient

在启动类上添加@EnableEurekaClient注解

4、编写测试controller

添加controller包，然后在里面创建TestController类

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test/")
public class TestController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    String port;

    @RequestMapping("info")
    public String home(){
        return "I am from port:" + port;
    }

}

三、搭建服务消费者模块（Ribbon）

1、创建模块

在选择依赖时在spring cloud Discovery中选择Eureka Discovery Client和sping cloud Routing中选择Ribbon，构建完成后在pom文件中添加spring-boot-starter-web依赖

2、配置application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: eureka-ribbon-client

server:
  port: 8764

#配置注册中心的
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eurekaserver1:8761/eureka/,http://eurekaserver2:8760/eureka/,http://eurekaserver3:8759/eureka/

3、添加@EnableEurekaClient

在启动类上添加@EnableEurekaClient注解

4、创建RestTemplate的配置类

创建config包，并创建RestTemplateConfig类

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig{
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate restTemplate(){
    	/**
    	*对RestTemplate进行配置
    	*/
        SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
        factory.setConnectTimeout(3000);
        factory.setReadTimeout(3000);
        return new RestTemplate(factory);
    }
}

5、创建测试service

创建service包，并在其中创建TestService类，在URL拼接的时候将主机名和端口号替换成服务应用名称

@Service
public class TestService {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;
	//RestTemplate 中有很多的获取方式
    public String test(){
        return restTemplate.getForObject("http://eureka-client/test/info",String.class);
    }
}

6、创建测试controller

创建controller包，并创建TestController类

@RestController
@RequestMapping("test")
public class TestController {

    @Autowired
    TestService testService;

    @Autowired
    private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;
	//测试RestTemplate
    @GetMapping("")
    public String test() {
        return testService.test();
    }
	
	//测试ribbon的负载均衡，交替选择服务实例
    @GetMapping("/testRibbon")
    public String testRibbon() {
        ServiceInstance choose = loadBalancerClient.choose("eureka-client");
        return choose.getHost() + ":" + choose.getPort();
    }
}

7、Ribbon常用配置

#ribbon常用配置
ribbon:
  ConnectTimeout: 1000 #服务请求连接超时时间（毫秒）
  ReadTimeout: 3000 #服务请求处理超时时间（毫秒）
  OkToRetryOnAllOperations: true #对超时请求启用重试机制
  MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 1 #切换重试实例的最大个数
  MaxAutoRetries: 1 # 切换实例后重试最大次数
  NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule #修改负载均衡算法

8、Ribbon的负载均衡算法规则

总结

本文章主要是整合服务者、服务消费者和注册与发现中心的环境搭建
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