三角公式以及常见关系
和差角公式
- sin ( x ± y ) = sin x cos y ± cos x sin y \sin (x \pm y) = \sin x\cos y \pm \cos x\sin y sin(x±y)=sinxcosy±cosxsiny
- cos ( x ± y ) = cos x cos y ∓ sin x sin y \cos(x\pm y) = \cos x\cos y \mp \sin x\sin y cos(x±y)=cosxcosy∓sinxsiny
- tan ( x ± y ) = tan x ± tan y 1 ∓ tan x tan y \tan (x\pm y) = \frac{\tan x \pm \tan y}{1 \mp \tan x\tan y} tan(x±y)=1∓tanxtanytanx±tany
积化和差公式
- sin x cos y = 1 2 [ sin ( x + y ) + sin ( x + y ) ] \sin x\cos y = \frac{1}{2}[\sin(x+y) + \sin(x+y)] sinxcosy=21[sin(x+y)+sin(x+y)]
- cos x sin y = 1 2 [ sin ( x + y ) − sin ( x + y ) ] \cos x\sin y = \frac{1}{2}[\sin(x+y) - \sin(x+y)] cosxsiny=21[sin(x+y)−sin(x+y)]
- cos x cos y = 1 2 [ cos ( x + y ) + cos ( x + y ) ] \cos x\cos y = \frac{1}{2}[\cos(x+y) + \cos(x+y)] cosxcosy=21[cos(x+y)+cos(x+y)]
- sin x sin y = − 1 2 [ cos ( x + y ) − cos ( x + y ) ] \sin x\sin y = -\frac{1}{2}[\cos(x+y) - \cos(x+y)] sinxsiny=−21[cos(x+y)−cos(x+y)]
和差化积公式
- sin α + sin β = 2 sin α + β 2 cos α − β 2 \sin \alpha +\sin \beta = 2\sin \frac{\alpha+\beta}{2}\cos \frac{\alpha-\beta}{2} sinα+sinβ=2sin2α+βcos2α−β
- sin α − sin β = 2 cos α + β 2 sin α − β 2 \sin \alpha -\sin \beta = 2\cos \frac{\alpha+\beta}{2}\sin \frac{\alpha-\beta}{2} sinα−sinβ=2cos2α+βsin2α−β
- cos α + cos β = 2 cos α + β 2 cos α − β 2 \cos \alpha +\cos \beta = 2\cos \frac{\alpha+\beta}{2}\cos \frac{\alpha-\beta}{2} cosα+cosβ=2cos2α+βcos2α−β
- cos α − cos β = − 2 sin α + β 2 sin α − β 2 \cos \alpha -\cos \beta = -2\sin \frac{\alpha+\beta}{2}\sin \frac{\alpha-\beta}{2} cosα−cosβ=−2sin2α+βsin2α−β
二倍角公式与万能公式
- tan 2 α = 2 tan α 1 − tan 2 α \tan 2\alpha = \frac{2\tan \alpha}{1-\tan ^2\alpha} tan2α=1−tan2α2tanα
- sin 2 α = 2 sin α cos α = 2 tan α 1 + tan 2 α \sin 2\alpha = 2\sin \alpha \cos \alpha = \frac{2\tan \alpha}{1+\tan ^2\alpha} sin2α=2sinαcosα=1+tan2α2tanα
- cos 2 α = cos 2 α − sin 2 α = 2 cos 2 α − 1 = 1 − 2 sin 2 α = 1 − tan 2 α 1 + tan 2 α \cos 2\alpha = \cos ^2\alpha - \sin^2\alpha = 2\cos^2\alpha - 1=1-2\sin^2\alpha = \frac{1-\tan^2\alpha}{1+\tan^2\alpha} cos2α=cos2α−sin2α=2cos2α−1=1−2sin2α=1+tan2α1−tan2α
半角公式
- sin 2 α 2 = 1 − cos α 2 \sin^2\frac{\alpha}{2}=\frac{1-\cos\alpha}{2} sin22α=21−cosα
- cos 2 α 2 = 1 + cos α 2 \cos^2\frac{\alpha}{2}=\frac{1+\cos\alpha}{2} cos22α=21+cosα
- tan α 2 = sin α 1 + cos α = 1 − cos α sin α \tan\frac{\alpha}{2}=\frac{\sin\alpha}{1+\cos\alpha}=\frac{1-\cos\alpha}{\sin\alpha} tan2α=1+cosαsinα=sinα1−cosα
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