CentOS系统上Docker的安装

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-27 18:09:53 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-05-27 18:09:53 发布
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分类专栏： Linux服务器运维小知识点 文章标签： linux 服务器 运维
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_50875067/article/details/127872984
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路虽远，行则将至！！

1.下载repo包

[root@zzp yum.repos.d]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
--2022-09-29 11:35:28--  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 222.75.61.238, 222.75.61.241, 222.75.61.248, ...
正在连接 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|222.75.61.238|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：2081 (2.0K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo”

100%[==============================================================>] 2,081       --.-K/s 用时 0.005s  

2022-09-29 11:35:29 (424 KB/s) - 已保存 “/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo” [2081/2081])

[root@zzp yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo    CentOS-Vault.repo  rehat.repo
CentOS-CR.repo    CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo  docker-ce.repo

2.检查yum源配置是否正常，关闭防火墙，selinux

[root@zzp yum.repos.d]# df -h
文件系统        容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3        20G  4.6G   15G   25% /
devtmpfs        978M     0  978M    0% /dev
tmpfs           993M     0  993M    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           993M  8.9M  984M    1% /run
tmpfs           993M     0  993M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1       497M  151M  346M   31% /boot
tmpfs           199M   24K  199M    1% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0        4.3G  4.3G     0  100% /run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86_64
[root@zzp yum.repos.d]# umount /dev/sr0 
[root@zzp yum.repos.d]# umount /dev/sr0 
umount: /dev/sr0：未挂载
[root@zzp yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@zzp yum.repos.d]# df -h
文件系统        容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3        20G  4.6G   15G   25% /
devtmpfs        978M     0  978M    0% /dev
tmpfs           993M     0  993M    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           993M  8.9M  984M    1% /run
tmpfs           993M     0  993M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1       497M  151M  346M   31% /boot
tmpfs           199M   24K  199M    1% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0        4.3G  4.3G     0  100% /mnt

[root@zzp yum.repos.d]# iptables -F                     #####关闭防火墙

[root@zzp yum.repos.d]# setenforce 0                      #######关闭selinux

3.yum安装docker

yum install docker-ce -y

4.docker启动

[root@zzp ~]# systemctl enable docker																###设置开机自启动
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

[root@zzp ~]# systemctl start docker				                   ####启动docker											
[root@zzp ~]# docker --version                                  ####查看版本号
Docker version 20.10.18, build b40c2f6
[root@zzp ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.18
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.18.6
 Git commit:        b40c2f6
 Built:             Thu Sep  8 23:14:08 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.18
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.18.6
  Git commit:       e42327a
  Built:            Thu Sep  8 23:12:21 2022
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.8
  GitCommit:        9cd3357b7fd7218e4aec3eae239db1f68a5a6ec6
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.4
  GitCommit:        v1.1.4-0-g5fd4c4d
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

5.docker命令

5.1拉取镜像docker pull

[root@zzp ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
a2a00260331c: Pull complete 
6d8167f2fcbe: Pull complete 
32454e9854ca: Pull complete 
473e2917b0d5: Pull complete 
5173f8104ec8: Pull complete 
32e218351f9a: Pull complete 
fc9e1a82359a: Pull complete 
c602a3ea2ce7: Pull complete 
3c9ea9927039: Pull complete 
dfb1b236c7fc: Pull complete 
e2ad62bd72a7: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:94fe67a04001e9841f68f114c8e9b5231c1d012e6b00d3b8ade42c0c5e239a0f
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7

[root@zzp ~]# docker images											####列出本地主机上已有镜像的基本信息
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED      SIZE
mysql        5.7       aa803eda0f25   6 days ago   433MB

5.2查取当前有的镜像docker search

[root@zzp ~]# docker search mysql --limit 3
NAME      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql     MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   13234     [OK]       
mariadb   MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   5062      [OK]       
percona   Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati…   588       [OK]       
[root@zzp ~]#

5.3启动docker容器

[root@zzp ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7  #启动docker
8fe4212e62fc13cbacd9d86ecd03fcb993041ede5dfcfd9cadbcd2e19fcba8d3

[root@zzp ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
8fe4212e62fc   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   17 seconds ago   Up 11 seconds   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   eager_gould
[root@zzp ~]#

5.4登入docker

[root@zzp ~]# docker ps			###查看基本信息
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE       COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
8fe4212e62fc   mysql:5.7   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   17 seconds ago   Up 11 seconds   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   eager_gould

[root@zzp ~]# docker exec -it 8fe4212e62fc /bin/bash    ###登入docker
bash-4.2# ls
bin   dev			  entrypoint.sh  home  lib64  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
boot  docker-entrypoint-initdb.d  etc		 lib   media  opt  root  sbin  sys  usr

bash-4.2# mysql -uroot -p123456            #####登入MySQL
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

6.docker安装centos7

思路：1.抓取centos7镜像，2.查看镜像库是否有centos7镜像，3.启动centos7，4.

6.1抓取镜像

[root@zzp ~]# docker pull centos:7
7: Pulling from library/centos
2d473b07cdd5: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:c73f515d06b0fa07bb18d8202035e739a494ce760aa73129f60f4bf2bd22b407
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:7
docker.io/library/centos:7
[root@zzp ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
mysql        5.7       aa803eda0f25   6 days ago      433MB
centos       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   12 months ago   204MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   12 months ago   231MB
[root@zzp ~]# docker rmi centos:latest           ###删除错误镜像
Untagged: centos:latest
Untagged: centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Deleted: sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6
Deleted: sha256:74ddd0ec08fa43d09f32636ba91a0a3053b02cb4627c35051aff89f853606b59
[root@zzp ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
mysql        5.7       aa803eda0f25   6 days ago      433MB
centos       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   12 months ago   204MB

6.2docker容器内启动centos

[root@zzp ~]# docker run -d -it eeb6ee3f44bd /bin/bash
b060a04d8746b0fb2330213988f91ebada87bc64cf4a42a266aaa363c281a8b6
[root@zzp ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
b060a04d8746   eeb6ee3f44bd   "/bin/bash"              21 seconds ago   Up 17 seconds                                                          keen_ganguly
66604fe293de   centos:7       "/usr/sbin/init"         4 hours ago      Up 4 hours      0.0.0.0:50001->22/tcp, :::50001->22/tcp                flamboyant_curran
8fe4212e62fc   mysql:5.7      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 hours ago      Up 5 hours      0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   eager_gould

6.3登入centos容器，测试网络通断，下载net-tools工具，查看网络IP

[root@zzp ~]# docker exec -it b060a04d8746  /bin/bash
[root@b060a04d8746 /]# ls
anaconda-post.log  bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@b060a04d8746 /]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (39.156.66.18) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=21.6 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=2 ttl=52 time=22.6 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=3 ttl=52 time=22.7 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 21.682/22.356/22.738/0.478 ms
[root@b060a04d8746 media]# yum install net-tools
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===============================================================================================================================
 Package                     Arch                     Version                                     Repository              Size
===============================================================================================================================
Installing:
 net-tools                   x86_64                   2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7                    base                   306 k

Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 306 k
Installed size: 917 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                           | 306 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                   1/1 
  Verifying  : net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                   1/1 

Installed:
  net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7                                                                                  

Complete!
[root@b060a04d8746 media]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.4  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:04  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 5773  bytes 45812797 (43.6 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 3408  bytes 233796 (228.3 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@b060a04d8746 media]# 

[root@66604fe293de ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
overlay          20G  5.9G   14G  31% /
tmpfs            64M     0   64M   0% /dev
tmpfs           993M     0  993M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
shm              64M     0   64M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3        20G  5.9G   14G  31% /etc/hosts
tmpfs           993M  8.2M  984M   1% /run
[root@66604fe293de ~]# lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0   20G  0 disk 
|-sda1   8:1    0  500M  0 part 
|-sda2   8:2    0  512M  0 part [SWAP]
`-sda3   8:3    0   19G  0 part /etc/hosts
sr0     11:0    1  4.2G  0 rom  
[root@66604fe293de ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@66604fe293de ~]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
overlay          20G  5.9G   14G  31% /
tmpfs            64M     0   64M   0% /dev
tmpfs           993M     0  993M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
shm              64M     0   64M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3        20G  5.9G   14G  31% /etc/hosts
tmpfs           993M  8.2M  984M   1% /run
/dev/sr0        4.3G  4.3G     0 100% /mnt
[root@66604fe293de ~]# 

 

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