求职必会：CentOS7.4二进制安装MySQL8.0.31

1.CentOS7.4二进制安装MySQL8.0.31

实验环境：

操作系统： centos7 .4

mysql版本：mysql8.0.31

实验准备：

• • 创建虚拟机一台
  • 配置IP地址192.168.1.114
  • 关闭防火墙
  • 关闭selinux

1.1开始安装

1.1.1环境检查

[root@zzp114 ~]# rpm -qa |grep mysql
[root@zzp114 ~]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@zzp114 ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
[root@zzp114 ~]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb
[root@zzp114 ~]# find / -name *mysql*
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
[root@zzp114 ~]# rm -rf /etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql

1.1.2获取二进制包

• MySQL官网地址： https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

下载，解压

[root@zzp114 ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@zzp114 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg       mysql-8.0.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64         模板  文档  桌面
ifcfg-ens32.bank      mysql-8.0.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz  视频  下载
initial-setup-ks.cfg  公共                                        图片  音乐
[root@zzp114 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql
[root@zzp114 ~]# mv mysql-8.0.31-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql/

1.1.2创建mysql用户组和用户

[root@zzp114 ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@zzp114 ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

1.1.3设置/usr/local/mysql/下的文件的属主和属组

[root@zzp114 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

1.1.4设置环境变量

方法一：

[root@zzp114 ~]# cat >>/etc/profile<<EOF
> export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql/
> export PQTH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH
> EOF																								#设置环境变量
[root@zzp114 ~]# source /etc/profile							#生效

方法二：

vim /etc/profile

###添加：
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH

1.1.5初始化mysql

[root@zzp114 mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@zzp114 mysql]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@zzp114 mysql]# cd bin/
[root@zzp114 bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2022-11-26T10:35:50.123920Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.31) initializing of server in progress as process 7887
2022-11-26T10:35:50.179942Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2022-11-26T10:35:53.780627Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2022-11-26T10:35:57.105098Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: E;Qw9fY1BO?Q

1.1.6创建配置文件

[root@zzp114 bin]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

#Mysql服务的唯一编号 每个mysql服务Id需唯一
server-id = 1

#服务端口号 默认3306
port = 3306

#mysql安装根目录
basedir = /usr/local/mysql

#mysql数据文件所在位置
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

#临时目录
tmpdir = /tmp

#设置socke文件所在目录
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

#主要用于MyISAM存储引擎,如果多台服务器连接一个数据库则建议注释下面内容
skip-external-locking

#只能用IP地址检查客户端的登录，不用主机名
skip_name_resolve = 1

#事务隔离级别，默认为可重复读，mysql默认可重复读级别（此级别下可能参数很多间隙锁，影响性能）
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

#数据库默认字符集,主流字符集支持一些特殊表情符号（特殊表情符占用4个字节）
character-set-server = utf8mb4

#数据库字符集对应一些排序等规则，注意要和character-set-server对应
collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci

#设置client连接mysql时的字符集,防止乱码
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'

#是否对sql语句大小写敏感，1表示不敏感
#lower_case_table_names = 1

#最大连接数
max_connections = 400

#最大错误连接数
max_connect_errors = 1000

#TIMESTAMP如果没有显示声明NOT NULL，允许NULL值
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true

#SQL数据包发送的大小，如果有BLOB对象建议修改成1G
max_allowed_packet = 128M

#MySQL连接闲置超过一定时间后(单位：秒)将会被强行关闭

#MySQL默认的wait_timeout 值为8个小时, interactive_timeout参数需要同时配置才能生效
interactive_timeout = 1800
wait_timeout = 1800

#内部内存临时表的最大值 ，设置成128M。
#比如大数据量的group by ,order by时可能用到临时表，
#超过了这个值将写入磁盘，系统IO压力增大
tmp_table_size = 134217728
max_heap_table_size = 134217728

#数据库错误日志文件
log_error = error.log

#慢查询sql日志设置
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = slow.log

#开启binlog
log_bin=on

#检查未使用到索引的sql
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1

#针对log_queries_not_using_indexes开启后，记录慢sql的频次、每分钟记录的条数
log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 5

#作为从库时生效,从库复制中如何有慢sql也将被记录
log_slow_slave_statements = 1

#慢查询执行的秒数，必须达到此值可被记录
long_query_time = 8

#检索的行数必须达到此值才可被记为慢查询
min_examined_row_limit = 100

#mysql binlog日志文件保存的过期时间，过期后自动删除
expire_logs_days = 5
~                                      

1.1.7将mysql设置为服务

[root@zzp114 bin]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@zzp114 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

1.1.8启动mysql服务

[root@zzp114 support-files]# service mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log'.
...... SUCCESS! 
[root@zzp114 support-files]# 

1.1.9修改密码登录

[root@zzp114 support-files]# mysql -uroot -p'E;Qw9fY1BO?Q'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.31

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'P@ssw0rd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> 

1.1.10查看服务

[root@zzp114 support-files]# netstat -antup |grep mysql
tcp6       0      0 :::33060                :::*                    LISTEN      9516/mysqld         
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      9516/mysqld         
[root@zzp114 support-files]# lsof -i:3306
COMMAND  PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld  9516 mysql   33u  IPv6 121615      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
[root@zzp114 support-files]# 

 欢迎评论区讨论，遇到问题可私聊！