javaWeb Servlet原理

目录

1、Servlet的实现架构

2、servlet映射

3、实际案例：

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1、Servlet的实现架构

2、servlet映射

3、实际案例：

HelloServlet.class:

package com.wxl.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {

    //由于get或post只是请求实现的不同的方式，可以相互调用，业务逻辑都一样
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //ServletOutputStream outputStream=resp.getOutputStream();
        //进入了doGet方法
        System.out.println("调用了doGet方法");
        PrintWriter writer=resp.getWriter();//响应流
        writer.print("Hello Servlet");

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req,resp);
    }
}

ErrorServlet.class:

package com.wxl.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

public class ErrorServlet extends HttpServlet {


    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        PrintWriter writer=resp.getWriter();
        writer.println("<h1>404</h1>");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

web.xml:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!--注册Servlet-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.wxl.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>error</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.wxl.servlet.ErrorServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>

  <!--Servlet的请求路径-->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/hello/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
<!--  &lt;!&ndash;默认路径优先级很高会干掉首页来显示，一般不用&ndash;&gt;-->
<!--  <servlet-mapping>-->
<!--    <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>-->
<!--    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>-->
<!--  </servlet-mapping>-->

  <!--404-->
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>error</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>




</web-app>

这里的/*优先级小于具体的访问优先级，当访问的页面不存在时再由优先级小的访问。

优先级：

具体路径>/*（模糊位置）> *.do >静态路径

具体实现就是要先什么类，再写映射，映射可以有多个。