Java笔记ヾ(◍°∇°◍)ﾉﾞ多线程之章

一、线程简介

进程是执行程序一次的过程，是一个动态的概念，是系统资源分配的单位

通常在一个进程中可以包含若干个线程，当然一个进程中至少有一个线程，不然没有存在的意义。线程是cpu调度和执行的单位

线程就是独立的执行路径

在程序运行时，即使没有自己创建线程，后台也会有多个线程，如主线程，gc线程

main（）称之为主线程，为系统的入口，用于执行整个程序

在一个进程中，如果开辟了多个线程，线程的运行由调度器安排调度，调度器是与操作系统紧密相关的，先后顺序是不能人为的干预的

对同一份资源操作时，会存在资源抢夺的问题，需要加入并发控制

线程会带来额外的开销，如cpu调度时间，并发控制开销

每个线程在自己的工作内存交互，内存控制不当会造成数据不一致

二、线程实现

1、创建方式

2、继承Thread类

package com.cty.learnThread.demo1;

//创建线程的方式一:继承Thread类， 重写run方法，调用start开启线程
public class Test1 extends Thread{
    @Override
    public void run(){
        for(int i = 0; i < 2000; i++){
            System.out.println("我在摸鱼");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //main线程，主线程
        //创建一个线程对象
        Test1 test1 = new Test1();
        //调用start方法开启线程
        test1.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 2000; i++){
            System.out.println("我在学习");
        }
    }
}

package com.cty.learnThread.demo1;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;

//练习Thread，实现多线程同步下载图片
public class Test2 extends Thread{
    private String url; //网络图片地址
    private String name;//保存的文件名

    public Test2(String url, String name){
        this.url = url;
        this.name = name;
    }

    //下载图片线程的执行体
    @Override
    public void run(){
        WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.downloader(url, name);
        System.out.println("下载完成文件名为:"+name);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Test2 t1 = new Test2("https://pic.netbian.com/uploads/allimg/181223/205433-15455696738a90.jpg","1.jpg");
        Test2 t2 = new Test2("https://pic.netbian.com/uploads/allimg/171212/195515-1513079715664f.jpg","2.jpg");
        Test2 t3 = new Test2("https://pic.netbian.com/uploads/allimg/170920/182032-15059028323409.jpg","3.jpg");
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();
    }
}
//下载器
class WebDownloader{
    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url, String name){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url), new File(name));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("IO异常，downloader方法出现问题");
        }
    }
}

3、实现runnable接口

package com.cty.learnThread.demo1;
//创建线程方式2：实现runnable接口，重写run方法，执行线程需要丢入runnable接口实现类，调用start方法
public class Test3 implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run(){
        //run方法线程体
        for(int i = 0; i < 2000; i++){
            System.out.println("我在摸鱼");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建runnable接口的实现类对象
        Test1 test1 = new Test1();
        //创建线程对象，通过线程对象来开启我们的线程------代理
//        Thread thread = new Thread(test1);
//
//        thread.start();
        new Thread(test1).start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 2000; i++){
            System.out.println("我在学习");
        }
    }
}

package com.cty.learnThread.demo1;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;

//练习Thread，实现多线程同步下载图片
public class Test2 implements Runnable{
    private String url; //网络图片地址
    private String name;//保存的文件名

    public Test2(String url, String name){
        this.url = url;
        this.name = name;
    }

    //下载图片线程的执行体
    @Override
    public void run(){
        WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.downloader(url, name);
        System.out.println("下载完成文件名为:"+name);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Test2 t1 = new Test2("https://pic.netbian.com/uploads/allimg/181223/205433-15455696738a90.jpg","1.jpg");
        Test2 t2 = new Test2("https://pic.netbian.com/uploads/allimg/171212/195515-1513079715664f.jpg","2.jpg");
        Test2 t3 = new Test2("https://pic.netbian.com/uploads/allimg/170920/182032-15059028323409.jpg","3.jpg");

        new Thread(t1).start();
        new Thread(t2).start();
        new Thread(t3).start();
    }
}
//下载器
class WebDownloader{
    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url, String name){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url), new File(name));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("IO异常，downloader方法出现问题");
        }
    }
}

4、对比

package com.cty.learnThread.demo1;

//多个线程同时操作同一个对象
//发现问题：多个线程操作同一个资源的情况下，线程不安全，数据紊乱
public class Test4 implements Runnable{
    private int nums = 10;
    @Override
    public void run(){
        while(nums>0){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(200);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->拿到了第"+nums--+"名");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Test4 t = new Test4();

        new Thread(t,"cty").start();
        new Thread(t,"wxh").start();
        new Thread(t,"llz").start();
    }
}

5、实现callable接口

package com.cty.learnThread.demo2;

import com.cty.learnThread.demo1.Test2;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.*;

public class Test1 implements Callable<Boolean> {
    private String url; //网络图片地址
    private String name;//保存的文件名

    public Test1(String url, String name){
        this.url = url;
        this.name = name;
    }

    //下载图片线程的执行体
    @Override
    public Boolean call(){
        WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.downloader(url, name);
        System.out.println("下载完成文件名为:"+name);
        return true;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        Test1 t1 = new Test1("https://pic.netbian.com/uploads/allimg/181223/205433-15455696738a90.jpg","1.jpg");
        Test1 t2 = new Test1("https://pic.netbian.com/uploads/allimg/171212/195515-1513079715664f.jpg","2.jpg");
        Test1 t3 = new Test1("https://pic.netbian.com/uploads/allimg/170920/182032-15059028323409.jpg","3.jpg");
        //创建执行服务：
        ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
        //提交执行
        Future<Boolean> r1 = ser.submit(t1);
        Future<Boolean> r2 = ser.submit(t2);
        Future<Boolean> r3 = ser.submit(t3);
        //获取结果
        try {
            boolean rs1 = r1.get();
        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        boolean rs2 = r2.get();
        boolean rs3 = r3.get();
        //关闭服务
        ser.shutdownNow();
    }
}

//下载器
class WebDownloader{
    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url, String name){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url), new File(name));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("IO异常，downloader方法出现问题");
        }
    }
}

6、静态代理

package com.cty.learnThread.demo3;

//静态代理模式总结
//真实对象和代理对象都要实现同一个接口
//代理对象要代理真实角色

//好处：
    //代理对象可以做很多真实对象做不了的事情
    //真实对象专注做自己的事情
public class proxy {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //对比
        new Thread(()-> System.out.println("我爱你")).start();
        new WeddingCompany(new You()).HappyMarry();
        
    }
}
interface Marry{
    void HappyMarry();
}

//真实角色，你去结婚
class You implements Marry{
    @Override
    public void HappyMarry(){
        System.out.println("(*^▽^*)");
    }
}
//代理角色，帮助你结婚
class WeddingCompany implements Marry{
    private Marry target;
    public WeddingCompany(Marry target){
        this.target = target;
    }

    @Override
    public void HappyMarry(){
        before();
        this.target.HappyMarry();
        after();
    }

    private void before(){
        System.out.println("干活");
    }

    private void after(){
        System.out.println("收钱");
    }
}

7、Lamda表达式

package com.cty.learnThread.demo4;
//推导lambda表达式

public class lambda {
    //3、静态内部类
     static class Like2 implements ILike{
        @Override
        public void lamb() {
            System.out.println("I like her");
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ILike iLike = new Like();
        iLike.lamb();
        iLike = new Like2();
        iLike.lamb();

        //4、局部内部类
        class Like3 implements ILike{
            @Override
            public void lamb() {
                System.out.println("I like myself");
            }
        }
        iLike = new Like3();
        iLike.lamb();

        //5、匿名内部类，没有类的名称，必须借助接口或者父类
        iLike = new ILike() {
            @Override
            public void lamb() {
                System.out.println("i like xxx");
            }
        };
        iLike.lamb();

        //6、lambda表达式
        iLike = () -> {
            System.out.println("i like study");
        };
        iLike.lamb();
    }
}
//1、定义一个函数式接口
interface ILike{
    void lamb();
}

//2、实现类
class Like implements ILike{
    @Override
    public void lamb() {
        System.out.println("I like you");
    }
}

三、线程状态

1、五大状态

2、线程方法

3、线程停止

package com.cty.learnThread.demo5;

//测试ctop
//1、建议线程正常停止--->利用次数，不建议死循环
//2、建议使用标志位--->设置一个标志位
//3、不要使用stop或者destroy等过时过着JDK不建议使用的方法
public class TestStop implements Runnable{
    //1、设置一个标志位
    private boolean flag = true;
    @Override
    public void run() {
        int i = 0;
        while(flag){
            System.out.println("run....Thread"+i++);
        }
    }

    //2、设置一个公开的方法停止线程，转换标志位
    public void stop(){
        this.flag = false;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestStop testStop = new TestStop();
        new Thread(testStop).start();

        for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++){
            System.out.println("main"+i);
            if(i == 900){
                //调用stop方法切换标志位，让线程停止
                testStop.stop();
                System.out.println("线程该停止了");
            }
        }
    }
}

4、线程休眠

package com.cty.learnThread.demo6;

//模拟网络延时：放大问题的发生性
public class TestSleep implements Runnable{
    private int nums = 10;
    @Override
    public void run(){
        while(nums>0){
            //模拟网络延时
            try {
                Thread.sleep(100);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->拿到了第"+nums--+"名");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Test4 t = new Test4();

        new Thread(t,"cty").start();
        new Thread(t,"wxh").start();
        new Thread(t,"llz").start();
    }
}

package com.cty.learnThread.demo6;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

//模拟倒计时
public class TestSleep2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        tenDown();
        Date startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());//获取系统当前时间
        while(true){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(startTime));
                startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());//更新当前时间
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    public static void tenDown(){
        int num = 10;
        while (num > 0){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(num--);
        }
    }
}

5、线程礼让

package com.cty.learnThread.demo7;

//测试礼让线程
//礼让不一定成功，看CPU心情
public class TestYield {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyYield myYield = new MyYield();

        new Thread(myYield, "a").start();
        new Thread(myYield,"b").start();
    }
}

class MyYield implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "线程开始执行");
        Thread.yield();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "线程停止执行");
    }
}

6、线程强制执行

package com.cty.learnThread.demo8;

//join方法，想象为插队
//强制执行，超级霸道
public class TestJoin implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0 ; i < 1000; i++){
            System.out.println("cty弯道超车" + i);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

        TestJoin testJoin = new TestJoin();
        Thread thread = new Thread(testJoin);
        thread.start();

        //主线程
        for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
            if(i == 200){
                thread.join();//插队
            }
            System.out.println("main"+i);
        }
    }
}

7、线程状态观测

package com.cty.learnThread.demo9;

//观察测试线程的状态
public class TestState {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
           for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++){
               try {
                   Thread.sleep(1000);
               } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                   e.printStackTrace();
               }
           }
            System.out.println("------分割线-------");
        });

        //观察状态
        Thread.State state = thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);

        //观察启动后
        thread.start();//启动线程
        state = thread.getState();
        System.out.println(state);//Run

        while (state != Thread.State.TERMINATED){//只要线程不终止，就一直输出状态
            Thread.sleep(100);
            state = thread.getState();
            System.out.println(state);
        }
//        停止之后不能再运行
//        thread.start();
    }
}

8、线程优先级

package com.cty.learnThread.demo10;

//测试线程的优先级
public class TestPriority {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //主线程默认优先级
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "--->" + Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
        MyPriority myPriority = new MyPriority();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t3 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t4 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t5 = new Thread(myPriority);
        Thread t6 = new Thread(myPriority);

        //先设置优先级，再启动
        t1.start();
        t2.setPriority(1);
        t2.start();
        t3.setPriority(4);
        t3.start();
        t4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
        t4.start();
        t5.setPriority(7);
        t5.start();
        t6.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY);
        t6.start();
    }
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "--->" + Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
    }
}

9、守护线程

package com.cty.learnThread.demo11;

//测试守护线程
//上帝守护你
public class TestDaemon {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        God god = new God();
        You you = new You();

        Thread thread = new Thread(god);
        thread.setDaemon(true);

        thread.start();//上帝守护线程启动
        new Thread(you).start();
    }
}
//上帝
class God implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 36500; i++) {
            System.out.println("上帝守护着你");
        }
    }
}

//你
class You implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 36500; i++) {
            System.out.println("你一生都开心的活着");
        }
    }
}

四、线程同步

1、并发

同一个对象被多个线程操作

2、队列和锁

3、三大不安全案例

package com.cty.learnThread.syn;

//不安全的买票
public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket buyTicket = new BuyTicket();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"cty").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"xxx").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"xx").start();
    }
}

class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
    //票
    private int nums = 10;
    boolean flag = true; //外部停止方式
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //买票
        while(flag){
            try {
                buy();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public void buy() throws InterruptedException {
        //判断是否有票
        if(nums <= 0){
            flag = false;
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时
        Thread.sleep(100);
        //买票
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿到" + nums--);
    }
}

package com.cty.learnThread.syn;

public class UnsafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Account account = new Account(100, "结婚基金");

        Drawing you = new Drawing(account, 50, "你");
        Drawing girl = new Drawing(account, 100, "girl");

        you.start();
        girl.start();
    }

}
//账户
class Account{
    int money;
    String name;

    public Account(int money, String name) {
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}
//银行
class Drawing extends Thread{
    Account account;//账户
    //去了多少钱
    int drawingMoney;
    //现在手里有多少钱
    int nowMoney;
    public Drawing(Account account, int drawingMoney, String name){
        super(name);
        this.account = account;
        this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
    }
    //取钱
    @Override
    public void run(){
        //判断有没有钱
        if(account.money - drawingMoney < 0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "钱不够，取不了");
            return;
        }

        //sleep放大问题的发生性
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //卡内余额 = 余额 - 你取的钱
        account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
        //你手里的钱
        nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;

        System.out.println(account.name + "余额为" + account.money);
        System.out.println(this.getName() + "手里的钱" + nowMoney);
    }
}

package com.cty.learnThread.syn;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
//不安全集合
public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        for(int i = 0; i < 10000; i++){
            new Thread(() -> {
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

4、同步方法

方法里面需要修改的内容（需要增删改查的对象）才需要锁，锁太多浪费资源

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-rTJVqi11-1623214035117)(C:\Users\caoyb\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20210608223225137.png)]

三大案例的安全化

package com.cty.learnThread.syn;

//安全的买票
public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket buyTicket = new BuyTicket();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"cty").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"xxx").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"xx").start();
    }
}

class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
    //票
    private int nums = 10;
    boolean flag = true; //外部停止方式
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //买票
        while(flag){
            try {
                buy();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    //synchronized 同步方法 锁的是this
    public synchronized void buy() throws InterruptedException {
        //判断是否有票
        if(nums <= 0){
            flag = false;
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时
        Thread.sleep(100);
        //买票
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "拿到" + nums--);
    }
}

package com.cty.learnThread.syn;

public class UnsafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Account account = new Account(100, "结婚基金");

        Drawing you = new Drawing(account, 50, "你");
        Drawing girl = new Drawing(account, 100, "girl");

        you.start();
        girl.start();
    }

}
//账户
class Account{
    int money;
    String name;

    public Account(int money, String name) {
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}
//银行
class Drawing extends Thread{
    Account account;//账户
    //去了多少钱
    int drawingMoney;
    //现在手里有多少钱
    int nowMoney;
    public Drawing(Account account, int drawingMoney, String name){
        super(name);
        this.account = account;
        this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
    }
    //取钱
    @Override
    public void run(){
        //锁的对象就是变化的量，需要增删改查的对象
        synchronized (account){
            //判断有没有钱
            if(account.money - drawingMoney < 0){
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "钱不够，取不了");
                return;
            }

            //sleep放大问题的发生性
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            //卡内余额 = 余额 - 你取的钱
            account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
            //你手里的钱
            nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;

            System.out.println(account.name + "余额为" + account.money);
            System.out.println(this.getName() + "手里的钱" + nowMoney);
        }
    }
}

package com.cty.learnThread.syn;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
//不安全集合
public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        for(int i = 0; i < 10000; i++){
            new Thread(() -> {
                synchronized (list){
                    list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

5、JUC

package com.cty.learnThread.syn;
//在并发包下
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;

//测试JUC安全类型的集合
public class TestJUC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<String>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
               list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }

            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

6、死锁

1️⃣案例

package com.cty.learnThread.syn;

//死锁：多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源，然后形成僵持
public class DeadLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup g1 = new Makeup(0,"灰姑娘");
        Makeup g2 = new Makeup(1,"白雪公主");

        g1.start();
        g2.start();
    }
}
//口红
class  Lipstick{

}

//镜子
class  Mirror{

}

class Makeup extends Thread{
    //需要的资源只有一份，用static来保证只有一份
    static Lipstick lipstick = new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();

    int choice;//选择
    String girlName;

    Makeup(int choice, String girlName){
        this.choice = choice;
        this.girlName = girlName;
    }

    @Override
    public void run(){
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //化妆，互相持有对方的锁，就是需要拿到对方的资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
        if(choice == 0){
            synchronized (lipstick){//获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                //死锁：解决办法，拿出去
//                synchronized (mirror){//一秒钟后想获得镜子的锁
//                    System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子");
//                }
            }
                synchronized (mirror){//一秒钟后想获得镜子的锁
                    System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子");
                }
        }else{
            synchronized (mirror){//获得口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得镜子");
                Thread.sleep(2000);
//                synchronized (lipstick){//一秒钟后想获得镜子的锁
//                    System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红");
//                }
            }
            synchronized (lipstick){//一秒钟后想获得镜子的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName + "获得口红");
            }
        }
    }
}

2️⃣死锁避免方法

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7、Lock（锁）

package com.cty.learnThread.syn;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

//测试lock锁
public class TestLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestLock2 testLock2 = new TestLock2();

        new Thread(testLock2).start();
        new Thread(testLock2).start();
        new Thread(testLock2).start();
    }
}

class TestLock2 implements Runnable{
    int nums = 10;

    //定义lock锁
    private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (nums > 0){
            lock.lock();//加锁
            try {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                System.out.println(nums--);
            }finally {
                //解锁
                lock.unlock();
            }

        }
    }
}

五、线程协作

1、生产者消费者模式

2、管程法

package com.cty.learnThread.PC;

//测试：生产者消费者模型-->利用缓冲区解决：管程法

//生产者， 消费者， 产品， 缓冲区
public class TestPC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SyncContainer container = new SyncContainer();
        new Productor(container).start();
        new Consumer(container).start();
    }
}

//生产者
class Productor extends Thread{
    SyncContainer container;

    public Productor(SyncContainer container) {
        this.container = container;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("生产了"+i+"只鸡");
            container.push(new Chicken(i));
        }
    }
}

//消费者
class Consumer extends Thread{
    SyncContainer container;

    public Consumer(SyncContainer container) {
        this.container = container;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            System.out.println("消费了"+ container.pop().id + "只鸡");

        }
    }
}

//产品
class Chicken{
    int id;//产品编号
    public Chicken(int id){
        this.id = id;
    }
}
//缓冲区
class SyncContainer {
    //需要一个容器大小
    Chicken[] chickens = new Chicken[10];
    //容器计数器
    int count = 0;

    //生产者放入产品
    public synchronized void push(Chicken chicken){
        //如果容器满了，就需要等待消费者消费
        if(count == chickens.length){
          //通知消费者消费没生产等待
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        //如果没有满，我们就需要丢入商品
        chickens[count] = chicken;
        count++;

        //可以通知消费者消费了
        this.notifyAll();
    }

    //消费者消费产品
    public synchronized Chicken pop(){
        //判断能否消费
        if(count == 0){
            //等待生产者生产，消费者等待
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        //如果可以消费
        count--;
        Chicken chicken = chickens[count];

        //吃完了，通知生产者生产
        this.notifyAll();

        return chicken;
    }
}

3、信号灯法

package com.cty.learnThread.PC2;

public class TestPC2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TV tv = new TV();
        new Player(tv).start();
        new Watcher(tv).start();
    }
}

//生产者-->演员
class Player extends Thread{
    TV tv;

    public Player(TV tv) {
        this.tv = tv;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            if(i%2==0){
                this.tv.play("A节目");
            }else{
                this.tv.play("B节目");
            }
        }
    }
}

//消费者-->观众
class Watcher extends Thread{
    TV tv = new TV();

    public Watcher(TV tv) {
        this.tv = tv;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            this.tv.watch();
        }
    }
}

//产品-->节目
class TV{
    //演员表演，观众等待
    //观众观看，演员等待
    String voice;//表演的节目
    boolean flag = true;

    //表演
    public synchronized void play(String voice){
        if(!flag){
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        System.out.println("演员表演了" + voice);
        //通知观众观看
        this.notifyAll();//通知唤醒
        this.voice = voice;
        this.flag = !this.flag;
    }

    //观看
    public synchronized void watch(){
        if(flag){
            try {
                this.wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        System.out.println("观看了"+voice);
        //通知演员表演
        this.notifyAll();
        this.flag = !this.flag;
    }
}

4、线程池

package com.cty.learnThread.pool;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

//测试线程池
public class TestPool {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1、创建服务，创建线程池
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);

        //执行
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());
        service.execute(new MyThread());

        //2、关闭链接
        service.shutdown();
    }
}

class MyThread implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}