差分，前缀和

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {

  static int b[]=new int [100005];

  public static void main(String[] args) {

      Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

      int n; //n层
      int m; // m个区间
      n = in.nextInt();
      m = in.nextInt();

      while(m>0)
      {
          m--;
          int l,r,value ;
          l = in.nextInt();
          r = in.nextInt();
          value = in.nextInt();
          b[l+1]+=value;
          b[r+1+1]-=value;
      }

      for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)

          b[i]=b[i]+b[i-1];

      int sum=0;

      for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
          sum+=b[i];
  /*

  也可以一次性搞定
  int sum=a[0];
  for(int i=1; i<n; i++){
  a[i]=a[i]+a[i-1];
  sum+=a[i]
  }
  */
      System.out.println(sum);
  }
}

普通算法：

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {

    static int a[]=new int [100005];
    static int sum[]=new int [100005];

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        int n; //n层
        int m; // m个区间
        n = in.nextInt();
        m = in.nextInt();

        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            a[i]= in.nextInt();
            sum[i]=a[i]+sum[i-1];

        }

        while(m>0)
        {
            m--;
            int l,r;
            l = in.nextInt();
            r = in.nextInt();
            System.out.println((sum[r]-sum[l-1]));
        }
    }
}

特殊代码：

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Vector;

public class Main {


    static int a[]=new int [100005];
    static int sum[]=new int [100005];
    static Vector ans=new Vector<Integer>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

        int n; //n层
        int m; // m个区间
        n = in.nextInt();
        m = in.nextInt();

        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
             a[i]= in.nextInt();
            sum[i]=a[i]+sum[i-1];

        }

        while(m>0)
        {
            m--;
            int l,r;
            l = in.nextInt();
            r = in.nextInt();
            ans.addElement(sum[r]-sum[l-1]);
        }

        for(Object ab:ans){
            System.out.println(ab);
        }
    }
}

我们这节课讲了差分和前缀和的知识点，并且也讲了怎样使用差分，怎样使前缀和，也讲了差分和前缀和最常见的两种情况