JavaWeb15（Session）

Session详解

Seesion（会话）：代表打开浏览器到关闭浏览器这一过程

什么是Session：

• 服务器会给每个用户（浏览器）创建一个Seesion对象，只要浏览器没关闭，这个Session就有效
• 用户登录后，网站的所有页面都可以访问（不用再次登录）说明Session保存了用户的一些信息

Session和Cookie的区别：

• Cookie是把用户的数据写到浏览器中，由浏览器保存（可以保存多个）
• Session把用户的数据写到Session中，由服务器保存（一般保存重要信息，减少服务器资源的浪费，如保存登录信息，在网站中经常会使用的数据）

Session取值测试：

SessionDemo01

package com.hao.session;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

public class SeesionDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        //得到Session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        //获取SessoinID
        String Sessionid = session.getId();
        //判断Session是否是新创建的
        if (session.isNew()){
            resp.getWriter().write("Session是新创建的，ID为："+Sessionid);
        }else {
            resp.getWriter().write("Session不是新建的，ID为："+Sessionid);
        }

    }
}

编写映射

<servlet>
        <servlet-name>SessionDemo01</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.hao.session.SeesionDemo01</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SessionDemo01</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/session1</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

测试访问

说明在打开浏览器的时候 Session就自动生成了，并且将Session的值 以JSESSION这个标识符赋值给Cookie。

Session也可以保存对象 代码测试

person类

package com.hao.pojo;

public class Person {
    private String name ;
    private int age;
    private String ID;

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name, int age, String ID) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.ID = ID;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getID() {
        return ID;
    }

    public void setID(String ID) {
        this.ID = ID;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return super.toString();
    }
}

修改后的SessionDemo01（往Session中存放对象信息）

package com.hao.session;

import com.hao.pojo.Person;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

public class SeesionDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        //得到Session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        //给Session中存东西
        session.setAttribute("name",new Person("源浩",20,"4051"));
        //获取SessoinID
        String Sessionid = session.getId();
        //判断Session是否是新创建的
        if (session.isNew()){
            resp.getWriter().write("Session是新创建的，ID为："+Sessionid);
        }else {
            resp.getWriter().write("Session不是新建的，ID为："+Sessionid);
        }

    }
}

SessionDemo02

package com.hao.session;

import com.hao.pojo.Person;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;

public class SessionDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        Person person = (Person) session.getAttribute("name");
        resp.getWriter().write(person.toString());

    }
}

测试访问（先访问session1，存入信息后，再访问session2）

如何删除Session中的信息与注销Session

        //删除session中的信息
        session.removeAttribute("name");
        //注销session（但是注销后马上会生成一个新的session）
        session.invalidate();

如何设置Session自动注销

在web.xml中设置

<!--    设置session默认失效时间-->
    <session-config>
<!--    单位为分钟-->
        <session-timeout>1</session-timeout>
    </session-config>