jsp JSTL标签详细示例（c:if与c:forEach）

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已于 2022-08-20 21:51:23 修改

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分类专栏： jsp 文章标签： java servlet jvm

于 2022-08-20 16:59:13 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_51272114/article/details/126440607

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JSTL标准标签库（jsp Standarded Tag Library），使用标签来取代jsp页面上的Java代码

JSTL标签库有很多，我们只学两个，if标签的替代和for循环标签的替代

JSTL快速入门（使用步骤）

1.导入坐标

<dependency>
    <groupId>jstl</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
    <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>

2.在jsp页面页面上引入JSTL标签库

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>

3.使用

<c:if>

1.c:if标签相当于Java中的if else标签

（我们结合el标签来进行判断，从servlet中获取值，在jsp文件中进行判断）

实体类brand

package com.ithema.pojo;
/*
在实体类中，基本数据类型，建议使用其对应的包装类
 */
public class Brand {

    //id主键
    private Integer id;
    //品牌名称
    private String brandName;
    //企业名称
    private String companyName;
    //排序字段
    private Integer ordered;
    //描述信息
    private String description;
    //状态 0：禁用 1：启用
    private Integer status;
    public Brand(Integer id, String brandName, String companyName, Integer ordered, String description,
                 Integer status) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.brandName = brandName;
        this.companyName = companyName;
        this.ordered = ordered;
        this.description = description;
        this.status = status;
    }
    public Brand() {
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Brand [id=" + id + ", brandName=" + brandName + ", companyName=" + companyName + ", ordered=" + ordered
                + ", description=" + description + ", status=" + status + "]";
    }
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getBrandName() {
        return brandName;
    }
    public void setBrandName(String brandName) {
        this.brandName = brandName;
    }
    public String getCompanyName() {
        return companyName;
    }
    public void setCompanyName(String companyName) {
        this.companyName = companyName;
    }
    public Integer getOrdered() {
        return ordered;
    }
    public void setOrdered(Integer ordered) {
        this.ordered = ordered;
    }
    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }
    public void getDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }
    public Integer getStatus() {
        return status;
    }
    public void setStatus(Integer status) {
        this.status = status;
    }
}

servlet-el servlet文件

package com.ithema.web;
import com.ithema.pojo.Brand;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@WebServlet("/demo1")
public class Servlet_el extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.准备数据 现在是list集合，以后是数据库
        List<Brand> brands= new ArrayList<Brand>();
        brands.add(new Brand(1,"小米公司","小米科技有限公司",100,"为发烧而生",1));

        //2.储存带request域中进行转发
        request.setAttribute("brands",brands);
        request.setAttribute("status",1);

        //3.进行请求转发
//        request.getRequestDispatcher("el-demo.jsp").forward(request,response);
        request.getRequestDispatcher("jstl-demo.jsp").forward(request,response);
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

jstl-demo.jsp文件

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%--    c:if:用来完成逻辑判断，替换java if else
        1.一般用法是用el表达式来获取值
        2.再用jstl标签上的c:if来判断值是否合乎规则
--%>
<%--<c:if test="true">
    <h1> true </h1>
</c:if>
<c:if test="false">
    <h1> false </h1>
</c:if>--%>
<c:if test="${status ==1}">
    <h2>启用status字符串</h2>
</c:if>
<c:if test="${status !=1}">
    <h2>禁用status字符串</h2>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>

pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-demo01</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>18</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>18</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--tomcat 的插件 （相当于在maven内部放置了个tomcat服务器）-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>17</source>
                    <target>17</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--apache提供的与io适配的工具类，好用-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.29</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>Test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--添加slf4j-api日志api-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.36</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--添加logback-classic依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--添加logback-core依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
            <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

效果

2.c:forEach标签相当于Java中的foreach循环

1.<c:forEach>:相当于for循环

*items：被遍历的容器

*var：遍历产生的临时变量

*varStatus：遍历状态对象

*index属性从0开始计数

*count属性从1开始计数

（例如，在数据库中的id可能会有断层，而用数据库中的id当作序号的话，会在显示页面造成断层，从而对阅读者产生不好的影响，所以就会使用varStatus这么一个方法）

示例:

<c:forEach items="${brands}" var="brand">
    <tr align="center">
        <td>${brand.id}</td>
        <td>${brand.brandName}</td>
        <td>${brand.companyName}</td>
        <td>${brand.ordered}</td>
        <td>${brand.description}</td>
        <td>${brand.status}</td>
    </tr>
</c:forEach>

2.${brand.id}代表的不是实体类中的属性变量的名称，而是找到getID这个方法，获取值

实体类brand（和上面的是一样的，所以就不在写了）

servlet-el servlet文件

package com.ithema.web;

import com.ithema.pojo.Brand;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@WebServlet("/demo1")
public class Servlet_el extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.准备数据 现在是list集合，以后是数据库
        List<Brand> brands= new ArrayList<Brand>();
        brands.add(new Brand(1,"小米公司","小米科技有限公司",100,"为发烧而生",1));
        brands.add(new Brand(2,"华为","华为科技有限公司",10,"不为发烧而生",0));
        brands.add(new Brand(3,"锤子","锤子科技有限公司",99,"为破产而胜",1));

        //2.储存带request域中进行转发
        request.setAttribute("brands",brands);
        request.setAttribute("status",1);

        //3.进行请求转发
//        request.getRequestDispatcher("el-demo.jsp").forward(request,response);
//        request.getRequestDispatcher("jstl-demo.jsp").forward(request,response);
        request.getRequestDispatcher("jstl-for-demo.jsp").forward(request,response);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

jstl-for-demo.jsp文件

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: HP
  Date: 2022/8/20
  Time: 16:21
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="800">
    <tr>
        <th>序号</th>
        <th>品牌名称</th>
        <th>企业名称</th>
        <th>排序</th>
        <th>品牌介绍</th>
        <th>状态</th>
        <th>操作</th>

    </tr>
<c:forEach items="${brands}" var="brand" varStatus="status">
    <tr align="center">
<%--        <td>${brand.id}</td>--%>
        <td>${status.count}</td>
        <td>${brand.brandName}</td>
        <td>${brand.companyName}</td>
        <td>${brand.ordered}</td>
        <td>${brand.description}</td>
        <c:if test="${brand.status == 0 }">
            <td>禁用</td>
        </c:if>
        <c:if test="${brand.status == 1 }">
            <td>启用</td>
        </c:if>
        <td><a href="#">修改</a>/<a href="#">删除</a></td>
    </tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>

效果

3. c:forEach标签相当于Java中的for循环（简单for循环）

*begin：开始数

*end ：结束数

*step ：步长

示例：

<c:forEach begin="0" end="10" step="1" var="i">
<h2>for循环</h2><br>
</c:forEach>

相当于

for（int i = 0，i<=10，i++）{

system.out.println（”for循环“）；

}