Spring事务配置（案例：转账业务追加日志，事务传播行为）

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已于 2022-12-03 18:18:14 修改

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分类专栏： Spring 文章标签： spring java 后端

于 2022-11-22 16:09:27 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_51272114/article/details/127877376

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Spring事务配置

如果相对Spring事务进行精细化处理的话，可以看下表。

1.readOnly，默认为false

  @Transactional(readOnly = true)
    void transfer(String out,String in ,Double money) ;

2.rollbackFor（遇到指定异常回滚）

 //开启事务
    @Transactional(rollbackFor = {IOException.class})//表示遇到IOE就会滚，不执行任何语句，可以直接throw Exception最高级，遇见就会回滚
    void transfer(String out,String in ,Double money) throws IOException;

案例

需求：实现任意两个账户之间的转账操作，并对每次转账操作在数据库进行留痕

需求微缩：A账户减钱，B账户加钱，数据库记录日志

分析：

1.基于转账操作的案例添加日志模块，实现数据库中记录日志

2.业务层转账操作(transfer）,调用减钱，加钱与记录日志功能

实现效果预期：

无论转账操作是否成功，均进行转账操作的日志留痕

存在的问题：

日志的记录与转账操作同属于一个事务，同成功，同失败

实习啊效果预期改进：

无论转账操作是否成功，日志必须保留

事务传播行为

事务协调员对事务管理员所携带事务的处理态度

也是是事务协调员有权力不参与到事务管理员的管理之中

@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW)

代码实现：

1.文件大致格式：

2.ServiceAdvise（AOP功能包）

package com.itheima.aop;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.Signature;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


public class ServiceAdvise {

    //定义切入点,切入点时Service里面的所有方法，
    @Pointcut("execution(* com.itheima.service.*Service.*(..))")
    private void servicePt(){}

    //把切入点servicePt()与通知runSpeed()进行绑定
    @Around("ServiceAdvise.servicePt()")
    public void runSpeed(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
        long star = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Signature signature = proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature();//代表了一次执行的签名信息
        String name = signature.getName();                       //方法名
        Class declaringType = signature.getDeclaringType();      //表示方法的接口名
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
        }
        Object proceed = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();//调取原始操作，即时AccountServiceImpl的返回值
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("业务层接口"+declaringType+"的"+name+"方法，执行万次的测试为"+(end - star)+"ms");
    }


}

3.JdbcConfig（jdbc配置文件，包含了事务管理器）

package com.itheima.config;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

public class JdbcConfig {

    @Value("${jdbc.driver}")
    private String driver;
    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    private String url;
    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String password;

    //1.定义一个方法获取响应的bean
    //2.添加@Bean，表示当前方法的返回值是一个bean
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        DruidDataSource ds = new DruidDataSource();
        ds.setDriverClassName(driver);
        ds.setUrl(url);
        ds.setUsername(username);
        ds.setPassword(password);
        return ds;
    }

    //事务管理器
    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource){
        //一个bean需要外部资源怎么办，引用注入帮你解决问题
        DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager = new DataSourceTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setDataSource(dataSource);
        return transactionManager;
    }
}

4.MybatisConfig（mybatis配置文件）

package com.itheima.config;

import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

public class MybatisConfig {
    //定义bean，SqlSessionFactoryBean，用于产生SqlSessionFactory对象
    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource){//这里得DataSource是代表着引用注入，jdbcConfig
        SqlSessionFactoryBean ssfb = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        ssfb.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.itheima.domain");//问实体类的位置，，扫描类型别名的包
        ssfb.setDataSource(dataSource);//替代的是jdbcConfig中的DataSource，也就是详细配置信息
        return ssfb;
    }
    //定义bean，返回MapperScannerConfigurer对象
    @Bean
    public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer(){
        MapperScannerConfigurer msc = new MapperScannerConfigurer();
        msc.setBasePackage("com.itheima.dao");//问映射在什么位置，由于注解完成了执行语句，所以不需要有映射文件
        return msc;
    }
}

5.SpringConfig（Spring配置文件）

package com.itheima.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

@Configuration                       //代表了这是个配置类，以此与applicationContext.xml基础配置文件相当
@ComponentScan("com.itheima")        //包扫描
@PropertySource("jdbc.properties")   //加载properties配置文件
@Import({JdbcConfig.class,MybatisConfig.class})            //加载JdbcConfig,MybatisConfig配置类
//@EnableAspectJAutoProxy                                  //启动AOP的注解，切面
@EnableTransactionManagement                               //启动事务管理，加载相对应的事务
public class SpringConfig {
}

6.AccountDao（账户的数据层文件）

package com.itheima.dao;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

import java.util.List;

public interface AccountDao {

    @Insert("insert into account(username,password)values(#{username},#{password})")
    void save(Account account);

    @Delete("delete from account where id = #{id} ")
    void delete(Integer id);

    @Update("update account set username = #{username} , password = #{password} where id = #{id} ")
    void update(Account account);

    @Select("select * from account")
    List<Account> findAll();

    @Select("select * from account where id = #{id} ")
    Account findById(Integer id);

    @Update("update account set money = money + #{money} where name = #{name}")
    void inMoney(@Param("name") String name, @Param("money") Double money);

    @Update("update account set money = money - #{money} where name = #{name}")
    void outMoney(@Param("name") String name, @Param("money") Double money);

}

7.LogDao（日志的数据层文件）

package com.itheima.dao;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;

public interface LogDao {

    @Insert("insert into log (info,createDate) values(#{info},now())")
    void log(String info);
}

8.Account（实体类）

package com.itheima.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Account implements Serializable {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Double money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }
}

9.AccountServiceImpl（业务层实现类，转账）

package com.itheima.service.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.AccountDao;
import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import com.itheima.service.AccountService;
import com.itheima.service.LogService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;

@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

    @Autowired
    private AccountDao accountDao;

    @Autowired
    private LogService logService;

    @Override
    public void save(Account account) {
        accountDao.save(account);
    }

    @Override
    public void update(Account account) {
        accountDao.update(account);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Integer id) {
        accountDao.delete(id);
    }

    @Override
    public Account findById(Integer id) {
        return accountDao.findById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        return accountDao.findAll();
    }

    @Override
    public void transfer(String out, String in, Double money){
        //try catch是为了  让logService代码必须运行
        try{
            accountDao.outMoney(out, money);
            int i = 1 / 0 ;
            accountDao.inMoney(in, money);
        }finally {
            logService.log(out,in,money);
        }
    }
}

10.LogServiceImpl（业务层实现类，日志）

package com.itheima.service.impl;

import com.itheima.dao.LogDao;
import com.itheima.service.LogService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class LogServiceImpl implements LogService {

    @Autowired
    private LogDao logDao;

    @Override
    public void log(String out, String in, Double money) {
        logDao.log("转账操作由" + out + "到" + in + "，金额" + money);
    }
}

11.AccountService（业务层接口，转账）

package com.itheima.service;

import com.itheima.domain.Account;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

public interface AccountService {

    void save(Account account);

    void delete(Integer id);

    void update(Account account);

    List<Account> findAll();

    Account findById(Integer id);

    //开启事务
    @Transactional(rollbackFor = {IOException.class})//表示遇到IOE就会滚，不执行任何语句，可以直接throw Exception最高级，遇见就会回滚
    void transfer(String out,String in ,Double money);

}

12.LogService（业务层接口，日志）

package com.itheima.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

public interface LogService {

    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW)
    void log(String out,String in,Double money);
}

13jdbc.properties（jdbc配置信息）

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url= jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

14.AccountSerrviceTest（测试类）

package com.itheima.service;

import com.itheima.config.SpringConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import java.io.IOException;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)              //设置专用的类运行器
@ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class)  //指定Spring文件的配置类
public class AccountServiceTest {

    @Autowired
    private AccountService accountService;

    @Test
    public void  testFindById(){
        System.out.println(accountService.findById(2));
    }

    @Test
    public  void  testFindAll(){
        System.out.println(accountService.findAll());
    }

    @Test
    public void testTransfer() throws IOException {
        accountService.transfer("刘德华","周杰伦",50D);
    }
}

15.MySQL数据库

/*
 Navicat Premium Data Transfer

 Source Server         : mysql
 Source Server Type    : MySQL
 Source Server Version : 80029
 Source Host           : localhost:3306
 Source Schema         : db1

 Target Server Type    : MySQL
 Target Server Version : 80029
 File Encoding         : 65001

 Date: 23/11/2022 21:43:37
*/

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for account
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `account`;
CREATE TABLE `account`  (
  `name` char(60) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `id` char(60) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `money` char(60) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of account
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('刘德华', '1', '900');
INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('周杰伦', '2', '1100');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for log
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `log`;
CREATE TABLE `log`  (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `info` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `createDate` datetime NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of log
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `log` VALUES (1, '转账操作由刘德华到周杰伦，金额50.0', '2022-11-22 15:15:22');
INSERT INTO `log` VALUES (2, '转账操作由刘德华到周杰伦，金额50.0', '2022-11-22 15:21:25');
INSERT INTO `log` VALUES (4, '转账操作由刘德华到周杰伦，金额50.0', '2022-11-22 15:42:15');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for tb_brand
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tb_brand`;
CREATE TABLE `tb_brand`  (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `brand_name` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `company_name` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `ordered` int NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `description` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `status` int NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 58 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of tb_brand
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (15, '百度', '百度在线网络技术公司', 5, '搜搜搜', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (16, '京东', '北京京东世纪贸易有限公司', 40, '就是快', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (17, '华为', '华为技术有限公司', 100, '万物互联', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (18, '小米', '小米科技有限公司', 50, 'are you ok', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (19, '格力', '格力电器股份有限公司', 30, '让世界爱上中国造', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (20, '阿里巴巴', '阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司', 10, '买买买', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (21, '腾讯', '腾讯计算机系统有限公司', 50, '玩玩玩', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (22, '百度', '百度在线网络技术公司', 5, '搜搜搜', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (23, '京东', '北京京东世纪贸易有限公司', 40, '就是快', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (24, '小米', '小米科技有限公司', 50, 'are you ok', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (25, '三只松鼠', '三只松鼠股份有限公司', 5, '好吃不上火', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (26, '华为', '华为技术有限公司', 100, '万物互联', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (29, '阿里巴巴', '阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司', 10, '买买买', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (30, '腾讯', '腾讯计算机系统有限公司', 50, '玩玩玩', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (31, '百度', '百度在线网络技术公司', 5, '搜搜搜', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (32, '京东', '北京京东世纪贸易有限公司', 40, '就是快', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (33, '华为', '华为技术有限公司', 100, '万物互联', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (34, '小米', '小米科技有限公司', 50, 'are you ok', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (35, '格力', '格力电器股份有限公司', 30, '让世界爱上中国造', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (36, '阿里巴巴', '阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司', 10, '买买买', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (37, '腾讯', '腾讯计算机系统有限公司', 50, '玩玩玩', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (38, '百度', '百度在线网络技术公司', 5, '搜搜搜', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (39, '京东', '北京京东世纪贸易有限公司', 40, '就是快', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (40, '小米', '小米科技有限公司', 50, 'are you ok', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (41, '三只松鼠', '三只松鼠股份有限公司', 5, '好吃不上火', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (42, '华为', '华为技术有限公司', 100, '万物互联', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (43, '小米', '小米科技有限公司', 50, 'are you ok', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (44, '格力', '格力电器股份有限公司', 30, '让世界爱上中国造', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (45, '阿里巴巴', '阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司', 10, '买买买', 1);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (46, '腾讯', '腾讯计算机系统有限公司', 50, '玩玩玩', 0);
INSERT INTO `tb_brand` VALUES (57, '大话西游', '大话西游007', 1, '大话西游', 0);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for tb_user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tb_user`;
CREATE TABLE `tb_user`  (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `password` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE,
  UNIQUE INDEX `username`(`username` ASC) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 21 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of tb_user
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (1, 'zhangsan', '123');
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (2, 'lisi', '234');
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (3, 'liudehua', '1123456');
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (16, 'wuhan', '123');
INSERT INTO `tb_user` VALUES (20, '123456789', '123456789');

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

16.pom.xml（maven配置文件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>Spring-demo1-lifeCycle</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--springFramework依赖,,,,由于AOP包与Context有依赖关系，所以不需要在进行导入aop的包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.23</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.46</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        Spring操作数据库有关的都要导这个包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        Spring 整合mybtis的包,这个包是和mybatis的包版本是相对应的-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        junit包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--        Spring 操作test的 包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--        导入Aspect（切面）的包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.8</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>