通用栈范式

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
typedef struct{
	void *element;//元素 
	int size;//个数 
	int volume;///栈容量 
	int len;//元素字节数 
}stack;

void create(stack *s,int num);//创建 
void dispose(stack *s);//撤销 
void push(stack *s,void *value);//入栈 
void pop(stack *s,void *value);//出栈 

int main(){
	int cards[5]={3,7,1,2,4};
	stack st1;
	create(&st1,sizeof(int));
	for(int i=0;i<5;++i) push(&st1,&cards[i]);
	cout<<"栈容量"<<st1.volume<<" 个数"<<st1.size<<" 元素大小"<<st1.len<<endl;
	for(int i=0;i<5;++i) pop(&st1,&cards[i]);
	printf("stack:\n");
	for(int i=0;i<5;++i) printf("%d\n",cards[i]);
	
	cout<<"-----------"<<endl;
	
	char *books[10]={"三国演义","西游记","水浒传","红楼梦"};
	stack st2;
	create(&st2,sizeof(char*));// 
	for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
		char *book=strdup(books[i]);//strdup函数是c语言中常用的一种字符串拷贝库函数，一般和free函数成对出现。
		push(&st2,&book);
	}
	cout<<"栈容量"<<st2.volume<<" 个数"<<st2.size<<" 元素大小"<<st2.len<<endl;
	//printf("%s\n",(char*)st2.element+10);
	char *name=new char[10];
	printf("stack:\n");
	for(int i=0;i<4;i++){//cout<<i<<endl;
		pop(&st2,&name);
		printf("%s\n",name);
	}
	
	cout<<"-----------"<<endl;
	dispose(&st1);
	dispose(&st2);
	cout<<"-----------"<<endl;
	return 0;
}
//创建 
void create(stack *s,int num){
	s->size=0;
	s->volume=2;
	s->len=num;
	s->element=malloc(s->volume * s->len);//1-4-8
}
//删除 
void dispose(stack *s){
	free(s->element);
}
//入栈 
void push(stack *s,void *value){
	if(s->size==s->volume){
		s->volume *=2;//翻倍 
		s->element=realloc(s->element,s->volume*s->len); //扩充 
	}
	
	void *addr=(char*)s->element+s->size*s->len;//指针计算 
	memcpy(addr,value,s->len);
	
	s->size++;
}
//出栈 
void pop(stack *s,void *value){
	//assert(s->size);
	void *addr=(char*)s->element+(s->size-1)*s->len;//指针计算 
	memcpy(value,addr,s->len);//
	
	s->size--;//return s->element[s->size];
	
}