错误处理,Web原生组件注入
SpringBoot错误处理
在默认情况下Spring Boot提供一个/error的映射来处理所有的错误,并且会在servlet容器中注册为全局错误页
在机器客户端会产生json
浏览器客户端则会产生whitelabel视图
其中都包含了错误信息
使用
错误处理在springBoot中包装的非常完善,以至于我们直接去编写404,500的html就可以在浏览器出现错误时进行自动的跳转
所以你只要
这样就可以了
Web原生组件注入(分布式)
目录
Servlet
为小服务程序或服务连接器,用Java编写的服务器端程序,具有独立于平台和协议的特性
主要功能在于交互式地浏览和生成数据,生成动态Web内容
MyServlet
package com.example.day3.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/my")
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().write("this is my servlet");
}
}
注意@WebServlet注解
@WebServlet("/my")
这个注解用于告诉SpringBoot这是自己写的servlet,需要访问()中的路径
Day3Application
package com.example.day3;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;
@ServletComponentScan(basePackages = "com.example.day3")
@SpringBootApplication
public class Day3Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Day3Application.class, args);
}
}
注意@ServletComponentScan注解
@ServletComponentScan(basePackages = "com.example.day3")
这个注解一定要写,这个注解使用来对我们项目包下的servlet进行扫描的,不写就无法起作用
结果展示
Filter
Filter也称之为过滤器,它是Servlet技术中最实用的技术,filter可以对web服务器管理的所有web资源:例如Jsp, Servlet, 静态图片文件或静态 html 文件等进行拦截,从而实现一些特殊的功能。例如实现URL级别的权限访问控制、过滤敏感词汇、压缩响应信息等一些高级功能。
它主要用于对用户请求进行预处理,也可以对HttpServletResponse进行后处理。
MyFilter
package com.example.day3.servlet;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import java.io.IOException;
//设置拦截imgs包下的所有资源
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = {"/imgs/*"})
@Slf4j
public class MyFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
log.info("MyFilter初始化完成");
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
log.info("MyFilter执行");
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
log.info("MyFilter销毁");
}
}
注意@WebFilter注解
//设置拦截imgs包下的所有资源
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = {"/imgs/*"})
Listener
监听web中的特定事件,比如ServletContext,HttpSession,ServletRequest的创建和销毁;变量的创建、销毁和修改等
MyListener
package com.example.day3.servlet;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener;
@WebListener
@Slf4j
public class MyListener implements ServletContextListener {
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
log.info("MyListener监听项目初始化");
}
@Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
log.info("MyListener监听项目销毁");
}
}
注意@WebListener注解
@WebListener
使用展示
Web原生组件注入(整体式)使用RegistrationBean
以整体使用RegistrationBean的方式进行servlet,filter,listener的编写
依旧需要我们自己去分别写单独的servlet,filter,listener类
与分布式相比区别在于无需写@WebServlet,@WebFilter,@WebListener注解,取而代之的是在自定义的RegistrationBean配置类中以方法的方式对三者做创建
目录
MyServlet
package com.example.day3.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().write("this is my servlet");
}
}
MyFilter
package com.example.day3.servlet;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import java.io.IOException;
@Slf4j
public class MyFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
log.info("MyFilter初始化完成");
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
log.info("MyFilter执行");
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
log.info("MyFilter销毁");
}
}
MyListener
package com.example.day3.servlet;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener;
@Slf4j
public class MyListener implements ServletContextListener {
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
log.info("MyListener监听项目初始化");
}
@Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
log.info("MyListener监听项目销毁");
}
}
(*)MyRegistrationConfig
注意在每个方法上使用@Bean进行注册
package com.example.day3.servlet;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletListenerRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.Arrays;
@Configuration
public class MyRegistrationConfig {
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet() {
MyServlet myServlet = new MyServlet();
return new ServletRegistrationBean(myServlet, "/my");
}
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter() {
MyFilter myFilter = new MyFilter();
FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(myFilter);
//设置拦截路径
filterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/my", "/img/*"));
return filterRegistrationBean;
}
@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){
MyListener myListener = new MyListener();
return new ServletListenerRegistrationBean(myListener);
}
}