请求转发

Servlet的请求转发

第一个servlet程序

package servlet_practice;

import jakarta.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

public class sevlt_RequestDeliever01 extends HttpServlet {
    //1.定义:请求转发是指 服务器收到请求后 从一次资源跳转到另一个服务器资源的操作
    //2.特点:a.浏览器的地址栏没有变化
          //b.他们是一次请求
          //c.他们共享Request的域数据
          //d.可以转发到WEB-INF目录下
          //e.不可以访问工程以外的资源
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
     //获取请求的参数
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println("数据为->"+username);
     //确认数据 并传递至第二个servlet程序
        req.setAttribute("key","servlet1的数据");
     //得到servlet2程序的路径
        RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = req.getRequestDispatcher("/hello6");
     //传递至servlet2程序
        requestDispatcher.forward(req,resp);
    }
}

第二个servlet程序

package servlet_practice;

import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

public class sevlt_RequestDeliever02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取请求的参数
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println("数据为->"+username);
        //查看sevlt_RequestDeliever01是否确认数据
        Object key1 = req.getAttribute("key");
        System.out.println("确认数据"+key1);
        //处理自己的业务
        System.out.println("sevlt_RequestDeliever02处理自己的业务");
    }
}

web. xml的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--servlet标签给Tomcat配置Servlet程序-->
    <servlet>
        <!--servlet-name标签给Servlet程序起别名一般是类名-->
        <servlet-name>sevlt_interface</servlet-name>
        <!--servlet-class是Servlet程序的全类名-->
        <servlet-class>servlet_practice.sevlt_interface</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <!--servlet-mapping标签给给Servlet程序配置访问地址-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <!--servlet-name标签作用是告诉服务器 当前配置的地址给哪个Servlet程序使用-->
        <servlet-name>sevlt_interface</servlet-name>
        <!--url-pattern配置访问地址-->
        <!--通常以/打头后面跟访问路径-->
        <!--/   斜杠在服务器解析时表示地址为 http://ip:port/工程路径
            /hello 表示地址为http://ip:port/工程路径/hello
        -->
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_extends</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>servlet_practice.sevlt_extends</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_extends</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello1</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_config</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>servlet_practice.sevlt_config</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <!--是参数名-->
            <param-name>username</param-name>
            <!--是参数值-->
            <param-value>root</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_config</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello2</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--context-param是上下文参数(它属于整个web工程)-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>username</param-name>
        <param-value>context</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_context</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>servlet_practice.sevlt_context</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_context</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello3</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>


    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_HttpServletRequest</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>servlet_practice.sevlt_HttpServletRequest</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_HttpServletRequest</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello4</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>


    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_RequestDeliever01</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>servlet_practice.sevlt_RequestDeliever01</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_RequestDeliever01</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello5</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>


    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_RequestDeliever02</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>servlet_practice.sevlt_RequestDeliever02</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>sevlt_RequestDeliever02</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello6</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>