20. #和##运算符使用解析

#运算符  用于  在  预编译期  将宏参数  转换为  字符串

#include <stdio.h>

#define CONVERS(x) #x

int main()
{
   
    printf("%s\n", CONVERS(Hello world!));//效果是字符串都不用加引号了
    printf("%s\n", CONVERS(100));
    printf("%s\n", CONVERS(while));
    printf("%s\n", CONVERS(return));


    return 0;
}
result：
        Hello world!
        100
        while
        return

#include <stdio.h>

#define CALL(f, p) (printf("Call function %s\n", #f), f(p))
   
int square(int n)
{
    return n * n;
}
int f(int x)
{
    return x;
}
int main()
{
    printf("1. %d\n", CALL(square, 4));
    printf("2. %d\n", CALL(f, 10));
    return 0;
}

gcc -E -o 6-1.i  6-1.c  

##运算符用于在预编译期粘连两个符号

#include <stdio.h>

#define NAME(n) name##n

int main()
{
    int NAME(1);//name1
    int NAME(2);//name2
   
    NAME(1) = 1;//name1 = 1
    NAME(2) = 2;
   
    printf("%d\n", NAME(1));
    printf("%d\n", NAME(2));


    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>


#define STRUCT(type) typedef struct _tag_##type type;\
struct _tag_##type

/*
定义一个宏STRUCT(type)，当执行到他时，马上替换为：
    typedef struct _tag_##type type;struct _tag_##type
由于##起到粘连作用，在于编译后就变成：
     typedef struct _tag_type type;struct _tag_type
*/

STRUCT(Student)
{
    char* name;
    int id;
};
/*
上述宏预编译后的情况：
typedef struct _tag_Student Student;struct _tag_Student
{
    char* name;
    int id;
};
*/

int main()
{
   
    Student s1;
    Student s2;
   
    s1.name = "s1";
    s1.id = 0;
   
    s2.name = "s2";
    s2.id = 1;
   
    printf("%s\n", s1.name);
    printf("%d\n", s1.id);
    printf("%s\n", s2.name);
    printf("%d\n", s2.id);


    return 0;
}