类与类的继承---个人通讯录（一）

霧瀲

已于 2023-04-14 14:37:48 修改

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分类专栏： Java学习之路文章标签： java servlet 开发语言

于 2023-04-13 23:04:19 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52200972/article/details/130142420

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文章展示了如何使用Java编程设计一个个人通讯录系统，通过类的继承实现联系人、家人和工作伙伴的分类存储。联系人包含基本的姓名、性别、电子邮件和电话信息；家人增加家庭地址和生日；工作伙伴则添加公司和职位信息。代码中包含了Contact、Family、Partner和Company四个类的定义以及相应的显示方法。

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类与类的继承—个人通讯录（一）

设计简单的个人个人通讯录系统（一），用于存储联系人信息，实现对联系人按照基本联系人、家人、工作伙伴等进行分类存储，具体要求如下：

1.联系人的基本信息包括姓名、性别、电子邮件及若干个练习电话；

2.家人除了具有基本信息之外，还需要定义家庭地址及生日；

3.工作伙伴除了具有联系人基本信息之外，还要添加所在公司及职称、职务信息

思路

首先建立四个类分别是：联系人类（Contract),家人类（Family）、工作伙伴类（Partner）、公司类（Company）其中家人继承联系人类、工作伙伴类继承联系人类和公司类

实现步骤：

联系人类（Contract)

package address_book01;

//联系人类:姓名、性别、电子邮件及若干个练习电话；
public class Contract {
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private String email;
    private String[] phones;

    public Contract(String name, String gender, String email, String[] phones) {
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.email = email;
        this.phones = phones;
    }
    //
    public Contract(String name, String[] phones) {
        this.name = name;
        this.phones = phones;
    }
    public Contract() {
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        if(name ==null || name.equals("")){
            return;
        }
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String[] getPhones() {
        return phones;
    }

    public void setPhones(String[] phones) {
        this.phones = phones;
    }

    public void dispaly(){
        System.out.println("姓名：" + getName() + "\t性别：" + getGender() + "\temail:" + getEmail());
        System.out.print( "联系电话：" );
        for (int i = 0 ; i < phones.length; i++){
            System.out.print(phones[i] + "\t");
        }
    }
}

家人类（Family）

package address_book01;

import java.util.Date;

public class Family extends Contract{
    private Date birthday;
    private String adress;

    public Family() {
    }

    public Family(String name, String[] phones) {
        super(name, phones);
    }

    public Family(String name, String gender, String email, String[] phones, Date birthday, String adress) {
        super(name, gender, email, phones);
        this.birthday = birthday;
        this.adress = adress;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getAdress() {
        return adress;
    }

    public void setAdress(String adress) {
        this.adress = adress;
    }

    @Override
    public void dispaly() {
        super.dispaly();
        System.out.println("生日：" + getBirthday() + "\t家庭地址: " + getAdress());
    }
}

公司类（Company）

package address_book01;

public class Company {
    String name;
    String adress;
    String phone;
    String fax;

    public Company() {
    }

    public Company(String name, String adress, String phone, String fax) {
        this.name = name;
        this.adress = adress;
        this.phone = phone;
        this.fax = fax;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAdress() {
        return adress;
    }

    public void setAdress(String adress) {
        this.adress = adress;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getFax() {
        return fax;
    }

    public void setFax(String fax) {
        this.fax = fax;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return String.format("%s\t地址：%s\t联系电话%s\t传真：%s\t\n",
                getName(),getAdress(),getPhone(),getFax());
    }
}

工作伙伴类（Partner）

package address_book01;

public class Partner extends Contract{
    private String title;
    private Company company;

    public Partner() {
    }

    public Partner(String name, String[] phones) {
        super(name, phones);
    }

    public Partner(String name, String gender, String email, String[] phones, String title, Company company) {
        super(name, gender, email, phones);
        this.title = title;
        this.company = company;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public Company getCompany() {
        return company;
    }

    public void setCompany(Company company) {
        this.company = company;
    }

    @Override
    public void dispaly() {
        super.dispaly();
        System.out.println("职务：" + getTitle() + "\t工作单位：" + getCompany());
    }
}

测试

import address_book01.Company;
import address_book01.Family;
import address_book01.Partner;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] phone = {"110120"};
        Family family = new Family("张三", phone);
        family.dispaly();
        System.out.println();
        Company huawai = new Company("huawai","深圳", "123456789", "1241-3131");
        Partner partner = new Partner("李四", "男","12314@qq.com",phone,"主管",huawai);
        partner.dispaly();
    }
}

运行结果
在这里插入图片描述
使用多态数组测试

import address_book01.Company;
import address_book01.Contract;
import address_book01.Family;
import address_book01.Partner;
import extends_exercise01.NotPad;
import extends_exercise01.Pc;
import extends_exercise01.Person;
import extends_exercise01.Student;

import java.util.Date;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //多态数组练习
        String[] phones = {"123456789"};
        Contract[] contracts = new Contract[5];
        Date date = new Date();
        date.setTime(2022-2-22);
        contracts [0] =  new Family("张三","男","2022@qq.com", phones,date,"北京");//向上转型
        contracts[1] = new Family("李四",phones);
        contracts[2] = new Partner("赵五",phones);
        contracts[2] = new Partner("老王","男","2312@163.com",phones,"主管",new Company("huawei","深圳","12314564","12-144-24"));
        //遍历联系人
        for (int i = 0; i < contracts.length; i++) {
            if (contracts[i] instanceof Family) {
                //向下转型
                Family family = (Family) contracts[i];
                family.dispaly();
            }else if (contracts[i] instanceof Partner) {
                Partner partner =  (Partner)contracts[i];
                partner.dispaly();
            }
        }
    }
}