一、基本二叉树
创建节点类型
class HeroNode {
private int no;
private String name;
private HeroNode left; //默认null
private HeroNode right; //默认null
public HeroNode(int no, String name) {
this.no = no;
this.name = name;
}
public int getNo() {
return no;
}
public void setNo(int no) {
this.no = no;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public HeroNode getLeft() {
return left;
}
public void setLeft(HeroNode left) {
this.left = left;
}
public HeroNode getRight() {
return right;
}
public void setRight(HeroNode right) {
this.right = right;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "HeroNode [no=" + no + ", name=" + name + "]";
}
}
前序、中序、后序遍历
//前序遍历
public void preOrder() {
System.out.println(this); //先输出父结点
//递归向左子树前序遍历
if(this.left != null) {
this.left.preOrder();
}
//递归向右子树前序遍历
if(this.right != null) {
this.right.preOrder();
}
}
//中序遍历
public void infixOrder() {
//递归向左子树中序遍历
if(this.left != null) {
this.left.infixOrder();
}
//输出父结点
System.out.println(this);
//递归向右子树中序遍历
if(this.right != null) {
this.right.infixOrder();
}
}
//后序遍历
public void postOrder() {
if(this.left != null) {
this.left.postOrder();
}
if(this.right != null) {
this.right.postOrder();
}
System.out.println(this);
}
前序、中序、后续查找
//前序遍历查找
/**
* @param no 查找no
* @return 如果找到就返回该Node ,如果没有找到返回 null
*/
public HeroNode preOrderSearch(int no) {
System.out.println("进入前序查找");
if(this.no == no) {
return this;
}
//初始化为空
HeroNode resNode = null;
//左递归
if(this.left != null) {
resNode = this.left.preOrderSearch(no);
}
//左递归不为空
if(resNode != null) {
return resNode;
}
//右递归
if(this.right != null) {
resNode = this.right.preOrderSearch(no);
}
return resNode;
}
//中序遍历查找
public HeroNode infixOrderSearch(int no) {
HeroNode resNode = null;
if(this.left != null) {
resNode = this.left.infixOrderSearch(no);
}
if(resNode != null) {
return resNode;
}
System.out.println("进入中序查找");
if(this.no == no) {
return this;
}
if(this.right != null) {
resNode = this.right.infixOrderSearch(no);
}
return resNode;
}
//后序遍历查找
public HeroNode postOrderSearch(int no) {
HeroNode resNode = null;
if(this.left != null) {
resNode = this.left.postOrderSearch(no);
}
if(resNode != null) {
return resNode;
}
if(this.right != null) {
resNode = this.right.postOrderSearch(no);
}
if(resNode != null) {
return resNode;
}
System.out.println("进入后序查找");
if(this.no == no) {
return this;
}
return null;
}
删除节点
//递归删除结点
//1.如果删除的节点是叶子节点,则删除该节点
//2.如果删除的节点是非叶子节点,则删除该子树
public void delNode(int no) {
if(this.left != null && this.left.no == no) {
this.left = null;
return;
}
if(this.right != null && this.right.no == no) {
this.right = null;
return;
}
if(this.left != null) {
this.left.delNode(no);
}
if(this.right != null) {
this.right.delNode(no);
}
}
定义二叉树
class BinaryTree {
private HeroNode root;
public void setRoot(HeroNode root) {
this.root = root;
}
//删除结点
public void delNode(int no) {
if(root != null) {
//判断root是不是要删除的结点
if(root.getNo() == no) {
root = null;
} else {
//递归删除
root.delNode(no);
}
}else{
System.out.println("空树,不能删除");
}
}
//前序遍历
public void preOrder() {
if(this.root != null) {
this.root.preOrder();
}else {
System.out.println("二叉树为空,无法遍历");
}
}
//中序遍历
public void infixOrder() {
if(this.root != null) {
this.root.infixOrder();
}else {
System.out.println("二叉树为空,无法遍历");
}
}
//后序遍历
public void postOrder() {
if(this.root != null) {
this.root.postOrder();
}else {
System.out.println("二叉树为空,无法遍历");
}
}
//前序查找
public HeroNode preOrderSearch(int no) {
if(root != null) {
return root.preOrderSearch(no);
} else {
return null;
}
}
//中序查找
public HeroNode infixOrderSearch(int no) {
if(root != null) {
return root.infixOrderSearch(no);
}else {
return null;
}
}
//后序查找
public HeroNode postOrderSearch(int no) {
if(root != null) {
return this.root.postOrderSearch(no);
}else {
return null;
}
}
}
定义主类测试
public class BinaryTreeDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建一颗二叉树
BinaryTree binaryTree = new BinaryTree();
//创建需要的结点
HeroNode root = new HeroNode(1, "宋江");
HeroNode node2 = new HeroNode(2, "吴用");
HeroNode node3 = new HeroNode(3, "卢俊义");
HeroNode node4 = new HeroNode(4, "林冲");
HeroNode node5 = new HeroNode(5, "关胜");
//手动创建该二叉树
root.setLeft(node2);
root.setRight(node3);
node3.setRight(node4);
node3.setLeft(node5);
binaryTree.setRoot(root);
System.out.println("前序遍历");
binaryTree.preOrder();
System.out.println("中序遍历");
binaryTree.infixOrder();
System.out.println("后序遍历");
binaryTree.postOrder();
//前序查找
System.out.println("前序查找");
HeroNode resNode = binaryTree.preOrderSearch(5);
if (resNode != null) {
System.out.printf("找到了,信息为 no=%d name=%s", resNode.getNo(), resNode.getName());
} else {
System.out.printf("没有找到 no = %d 的英雄", 5);
}
//中序查找
System.out.println("中序查找");
HeroNode resNode2 = binaryTree.infixOrderSearch(5);
if (resNode2 != null) {
System.out.printf("找到了,信息为 no=%d name=%s", resNode2.getNo(), resNode2.getName());
} else {
System.out.printf("没有找到 no = %d 的英雄", 5);
}
//后序查找
System.out.println("后序查找");
HeroNode resNode3 = binaryTree.postOrderSearch(5);
if (resNode3 != null) {
System.out.printf("找到了,信息为 no=%d name=%s", resNode3.getNo(), resNode3.getName());
} else {
System.out.printf("没有找到 no = %d 的英雄", 5);
}
//测试删除结点
System.out.println("删除前,前序遍历");
binaryTree.preOrder();
binaryTree.delNode(5);
System.out.println("删除后,前序遍历");
binaryTree.preOrder();
}
}
代码总结
package com.yzh.tree;
@SuppressWarnings({"all"})
public class BinaryTreeDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建一颗二叉树
BinaryTree binaryTree = new BinaryTree();
//创建需要的结点
HeroNode root = new HeroNode(1, "宋江");
HeroNode node2 = new HeroNode(2, "吴用");
HeroNode node3 = new HeroNode(3, "卢俊义");
HeroNode node4 = new HeroNode(4, "林冲");
HeroNode node5 = new HeroNode(5, "关胜");
//手动创建该二叉树
root.setLeft(node2);
root.setRight(node3);
node3.setRight(node4);
node3.setLeft(node5);
binaryTree.setRoot(root);
System.out.println("前序遍历");
binaryTree.preOrder();
System.out.println("中序遍历");
binaryTree.infixOrder();
System.out.println("后序遍历");
binaryTree.postOrder();
//前序查找
System.out.println("前序查找");
HeroNode resNode = binaryTree.preOrderSearch(5);
if (resNode != null) {
System.out.printf("找到了,信息为 no=%d name=%s", resNode.getNo(), resNode.getName());
} else {
System.out.printf("没有找到 no = %d 的英雄", 5);
}
//中序查找
System.out.println("中序查找");
HeroNode resNode2 = binaryTree.infixOrderSearch(5);
if (resNode2 != null) {
System.out.printf("找到了,信息为 no=%d name=%s", resNode2.getNo(), resNode2.getName());
} else {
System.out.printf("没有找到 no = %d 的英雄", 5);
}
//后序查找
System.out.println("后序查找");
HeroNode resNode3 = binaryTree.postOrderSearch(5);
if (resNode3 != null) {
System.out.printf("找到了,信息为 no=%d name=%s", resNode3.getNo(), resNode3.getName());
} else {
System.out.printf("没有找到 no = %d 的英雄", 5);
}
//测试删除结点
System.out.println("删除前,前序遍历");
binaryTree.preOrder();
binaryTree.delNode(5);
System.out.println("删除后,前序遍历");
binaryTree.preOrder();
}
}
@SuppressWarnings({"all"})
//定义BinaryTree 二叉树
class BinaryTree {
private HeroNode root;
public void setRoot(HeroNode root) {
this.root = root;
}
//删除结点
public void delNode(int no) {
if(root != null) {
//判断root是不是要删除的结点
if(root.getNo() == no) {
root = null;
} else {
//递归删除
root.delNode(no);
}
}else{
System.out.println("空树,不能删除");
}
}
//前序遍历
public void preOrder() {
if(this.root != null) {
this.root.preOrder();
}else {
System.out.println("二叉树为空,无法遍历");
}
}
//中序遍历
public void infixOrder() {
if(this.root != null) {
this.root.infixOrder();
}else {
System.out.println("二叉树为空,无法遍历");
}
}
//后序遍历
public void postOrder() {
if(this.root != null) {
this.root.postOrder();
}else {
System.out.println("二叉树为空,无法遍历");
}
}
//前序查找
public HeroNode preOrderSearch(int no) {
if(root != null) {
return root.preOrderSearch(no);
} else {
return null;
}
}
//中序查找
public HeroNode infixOrderSearch(int no) {
if(root != null) {
return root.infixOrderSearch(no);
}else {
return null;
}
}
//后序查找
public HeroNode postOrderSearch(int no) {
if(root != null) {
return this.root.postOrderSearch(no);
}else {
return null;
}
}
}
@SuppressWarnings({"all"})
//先创建HeroNode 结点
class HeroNode {
private int no;
private String name;
private HeroNode left; //默认null
private HeroNode right; //默认null
public HeroNode(int no, String name) {
this.no = no;
this.name = name;
}
public int getNo() {
return no;
}
public void setNo(int no) {
this.no = no;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public HeroNode getLeft() {
return left;
}
public void setLeft(HeroNode left) {
this.left = left;
}
public HeroNode getRight() {
return right;
}
public void setRight(HeroNode right) {
this.right = right;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "HeroNode [no=" + no + ", name=" + name + "]";
}
//递归删除结点
//1.如果删除的节点是叶子节点,则删除该节点
//2.如果删除的节点是非叶子节点,则删除该子树
public void delNode(int no) {
if(this.left != null && this.left.no == no) {
this.left = null;
return;
}
if(this.right != null && this.right.no == no) {
this.right = null;
return;
}
if(this.left != null) {
this.left.delNode(no);
}
if(this.right != null) {
this.right.delNode(no);
}
}
//前序遍历
public void preOrder() {
System.out.println(this); //先输出父结点
//递归向左子树前序遍历
if(this.left != null) {
this.left.preOrder();
}
//递归向右子树前序遍历
if(this.right != null) {
this.right.preOrder();
}
}
//中序遍历
public void infixOrder() {
//递归向左子树中序遍历
if(this.left != null) {
this.left.infixOrder();
}
//输出父结点
System.out.println(this);
//递归向右子树中序遍历
if(this.right != null) {
this.right.infixOrder();
}
}
//后序遍历
public void postOrder() {
if(this.left != null) {
this.left.postOrder();
}
if(this.right != null) {
this.right.postOrder();
}
System.out.println(this);
}
//前序遍历查找
/**
* @param no 查找no
* @return 如果找到就返回该Node ,如果没有找到返回 null
*/
public HeroNode preOrderSearch(int no) {
System.out.println("进入前序查找");
if(this.no == no) {
return this;
}
//初始化为空
HeroNode resNode = null;
//左递归
if(this.left != null) {
resNode = this.left.preOrderSearch(no);
}
//左递归不为空
if(resNode != null) {
return resNode;
}
//右递归
if(this.right != null) {
resNode = this.right.preOrderSearch(no);
}
return resNode;
}
//中序遍历查找
public HeroNode infixOrderSearch(int no) {
HeroNode resNode = null;
if(this.left != null) {
resNode = this.left.infixOrderSearch(no);
}
if(resNode != null) {
return resNode;
}
System.out.println("进入中序查找");
if(this.no == no) {
return this;
}
if(this.right != null) {
resNode = this.right.infixOrderSearch(no);
}
return resNode;
}
//后序遍历查找
public HeroNode postOrderSearch(int no) {
HeroNode resNode = null;
if(this.left != null) {
resNode = this.left.postOrderSearch(no);
}
if(resNode != null) {
return resNode;
}
if(this.right != null) {
resNode = this.right.postOrderSearch(no);
}
if(resNode != null) {
return resNode;
}
System.out.println("进入后序查找");
if(this.no == no) {
return this;
}
return null;
}
}
二、顺序存储二叉树
PS:这里只介绍了顺序存储二叉树的前序遍历,读者可自行完成中序和后序的操作
package com.yzh.tree;
public class ArrBinaryTreeDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 };
ArrBinaryTree arrBinaryTree = new ArrBinaryTree(arr);
arrBinaryTree.preOrder();
}
}
//编写一个ArrayBinaryTree, 实现顺序存储二叉树遍历
@SuppressWarnings({"all"})
class ArrBinaryTree {
private int[] arr;//存储数据结点的数组
public ArrBinaryTree(int[] arr) {
this.arr = arr;
}
public void preOrder() {
this.preOrder(0);
}
//顺序存储二叉树的前序遍历
/**
* @param index 数组的下标
*/
public void preOrder(int index) {
if(arr == null || arr.length == 0) {
System.out.println("数组为空");
}
System.out.println(arr[index]+" ");
//向左递归遍历
if((index * 2 + 1) < arr.length) {
preOrder(2 * index + 1 );
}
//向右递归遍历
if((index * 2 + 2) < arr.length) {
preOrder(2 * index + 2);
}
}
}