操作系统 实验二、存储器管理

编程实现LRU算法或CLOCK/改进算法等置换算法（二选一），模拟实现虚拟存储器的地址变换过程。

 理解虚拟存储器的地址变换过程；

设计用于模拟快表、页表、地址变换所用的寄存器的数据结构；

编制页表的初始信息文件，举例说明文件中具有的信息：共有5块，每块的状态、在内存和外存的起始地址等。

编程实现虚拟存储器地址变换算法程序，动态输入所要访问的逻辑地址，变换过程文字描述以及变换后的物理地址；

测试：输入有效、无效地址，测试程序的正确性和错误处理能力。

PageTable.java

package OperatingSystem.experiment2.AddressTransformation;



public class PageTable {
    private int PageNumber;   //页号
    private int blockNumber;  //物理块号
    private int state=0;    //状态位P 1为在内存,0为在外存
    private int visited=0;   //访问位A  该页被访问的次数
    private int revise=0;        //修改位M  1为该页被修改,0为该页未被修改
    private int ExternalStorageAddress; //外存地址

    public int getPageNumber() {
        return PageNumber;
    }

    public void setPageNumber(int pageNumber) {
        PageNumber = pageNumber;
    }

    public int getBlockNumber() {
        return blockNumber;
    }

    public void setBlockNumber(int blockNumber) {
        this.blockNumber = blockNumber;
    }

    public int getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public void setState(int state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    public int getVisited() {
        return visited;
    }

    public void setVisited(int visited) {
        this.visited = visited;
    }

    public int getRevise() {
        return revise;
    }

    public void setRevise(int revise) {
        this.revise = revise;
    }

    public int getExternalStorageAddress() {
        return ExternalStorageAddress;
    }

    public void setExternalStorageAddress(int externalStorageAddress) {
        ExternalStorageAddress = externalStorageAddress;
    }

    public PageTable(int PageNumber, int externalStorageAddress){
        this.PageNumber=PageNumber;
        this.blockNumber=externalStorageAddress;
        this.ExternalStorageAddress=externalStorageAddress;
    }
}

CrossedException.java

package OperatingSystem.experiment2.AddressTransformation;

public class CrossedException extends Exception{
    public CrossedException(){
        super("越界中断");
    }
    public CrossedException(String message){
        super(message);
    }
}

Conversion.java

package OperatingSystem.experiment2.AddressTransformation;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
//页表中5块,内存中4块,快表中3块
public class Conversion {
    int P;
    int d;
    int fastTable[];//快表
    ArrayList <PageTable> arrayList1=new ArrayList<>();//存页表
    ArrayList <PageTable> arrayList=new ArrayList<>(); //内存
    Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
    public Conversion(){
        fastTable=new int[3];
        for (int i=0;i<fastTable.length;i++){
            fastTable[i]=-1;
        }
        for (int i=0;i<5;i++){
            PageTable pageTable=new PageTable(i,scanner.nextInt());
            arrayList1.add(pageTable);
        }
    }
    public void exchange(int address)throws CrossedException{
        P=address/(int) Math.pow(2,10);
        d=address%(int) Math.pow(2,10);
        System.out.println("页号为"+P);
        if (P>=arrayList1.size()){
            throw new CrossedException();
        }
    }
    public void Retrieval(){
        boolean flag=false;
        for (int i=0;i<fastTable.length;i++){
            if (P==fastTable[i]){
                changeAM(Find(arrayList1,P));
                flag=true;
            }
        }
        if (!flag){
            System.out.println("页表项不在快表中");
            if (arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,P)).getState()==0){
                System.out.println("页不在内存中");
                MissPage();
            }
            changeFastTable();
            changeAM(Find(arrayList1,P));
        }

    }
    public int Find(ArrayList<PageTable> arrayList,int pageNumber){
        for (int i=0;i<arrayList.size();i++){
            if (arrayList.get(i).getPageNumber()==pageNumber){
                return i;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }
    public void changeFastTable(){
        System.out.println("修改快表");
        int count=0;
        for (int i=0;i<fastTable.length;i++){
            if (fastTable[i]!=-1){
                count++;
            }
        }
        if (count==fastTable.length){
            printFastTable();
            System.out.println("快表已满,需要替换");
            int min=0;
            for (int i=1;i<fastTable.length;i++){
                if (arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,fastTable[min])).getVisited()>arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,fastTable[i])).getVisited()){
                    min=i;
                }
            }
            System.out.println("页号"+fastTable[min]+"在快表中被置换掉");
            fastTable[min]=P;
        }else {
            fastTable[count]=P;
        }
    }
    public void changeAM(int i){
        arrayList1.get(i).setVisited(arrayList1.get(i).getVisited()+1);
        System.out.println("是否对此页进行修改？y/n");
        switch (scanner.next()){
            case "y":
                arrayList1.get(i).setRevise(1);
                break;
            case "n":
                break;
        }
        printFastTable();
        printPageTable();
        printMemory();
        physicsAD();
    }
    public void printFastTable(){
        System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println("输出快表：");
        System.out.println("页号"+"    "+"物理块号"+"\t"+"状态位P"+"\t"+"访问字段A"+"  "+"修改位M"+"\t"+"外存地址");
        for (int i=0;i<fastTable.length;i++) {
            int a = fastTable[i];
            if (a != -1) {
                System.out.println(arrayList1.get(a).getPageNumber() + "\t\t" + arrayList1.get(a).getBlockNumber() + "\t\t" + arrayList1.get(a).getState() + "\t\t" + arrayList1.get(a).getVisited() + "\t\t\t" + arrayList1.get(a).getRevise() + "\t\t" + arrayList1.get(a).getExternalStorageAddress());
            }
        }
    }
    public void printPageTable(){
        System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println("输出页表：");
        System.out.println("页号"+"    "+"物理块号"+"\t"+"状态位P"+"\t"+"访问字段A"+"  "+"修改位M"+"\t"+"外存地址");
        for (int i=0;i<arrayList1.size();i++){
            System.out.println(arrayList1.get(i).getPageNumber() + "\t\t" + arrayList1.get(i).getBlockNumber() + "\t\t" + arrayList1.get(i).getState() + "\t\t" + arrayList1.get(i).getVisited() + "\t\t\t" + arrayList1.get(i).getRevise() + "\t\t" + arrayList1.get(i).getExternalStorageAddress());
        }
    }
    public void printMemory(){
        System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println("在内存的页号");
        for (int i=0;i<arrayList.size();i++){
            System.out.print(arrayList.get(i).getPageNumber()+"\t");
        }
        System.out.println();
    }
    public void MissPage(){
        System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println("发生缺页中断");
        System.out.println("保留CPU现场");
        System.out.println("从外存中找到缺页");
        if (arrayList.size()>=4){
            System.out.println("内存已满,将访问次数最少的页换出内存");
            printMemory();
            int min=0;
            for (int i=0;i<arrayList.size();i++){
                if (arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,arrayList.get(min).getPageNumber())).getVisited()>arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,arrayList.get(i).getPageNumber())).getVisited()){
                    min=i;
                }
            }
            int a=arrayList.get(min).getPageNumber();
            System.out.println("页号"+a+"被换出内存");
            arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,a)).setBlockNumber(arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,a)).getExternalStorageAddress());
            arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,a)).setVisited(0);
            arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,a)).setState(0);
            arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,P)).setState(1);
            if (arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,a)).getRevise()==1){
                System.out.println(a+"页被修改过");
                System.out.println("将该页写回外存");
                arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,a)).setRevise(0);
            }
            arrayList.set(min,arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,P)));
            printMemory();
        }
        readIn();
    }
    public void readIn(){
        System.out.println("OS命令CPU从外存中读缺页");
        System.out.println("启动I/O硬件");
        System.out.println("将一页从外存换入内存");
        arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,P)).setState(1);
        System.out.println("系统分配内存块号");
        System.out.println("系统分配的内存块号为：");
        arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1,P)).setBlockNumber(scanner.nextInt());
        if (arrayList.size()<4) {
            arrayList.add(arrayList1.get(Find(arrayList1, P)));
        }
        System.out.println("已修改页表");
        printPageTable();
    }
    public void physicsAD(){
        for (int i=0;i<arrayList1.size();i++){
            if (P==arrayList1.get(i).getPageNumber()){
                int address=arrayList1.get(i).getBlockNumber()*(int) Math.pow(2,10)+d;
               System.out.println("物理地址为"+address);
               System.out.println("地址变换结束");
            }
        }
    }
}

AT.java

package OperatingSystem.experiment2.AddressTransformation;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class AT {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入页表的外存地址,假设页面的大小为1KB");
        Conversion conversion=new Conversion();
        System.out.println("1.输入逻辑地址");
        System.out.println("2.退出程序");
        boolean flag=true;
        while (flag) {
            System.out.println("请输入您的选择：");
            switch (scanner.next()) {
                case "1":
                    System.out.println("请输入逻辑地址：");
                    try {
                        conversion.exchange(scanner.nextInt());
                        conversion.Retrieval();
                    }catch (CrossedException e){
                        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
                    }
                    break;
                case "2":
                    System.out.println("退出程序");
                    flag=false;
                    break;
                default:
                    System.out.println("操作错误，请重新选择");
            }
        }
    }

}