加号运算符重载:自定义数据类型的加法
第一种方法:通过写成员函数实现两个对象相加然后返回新的对象
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class person
{
public:
person operator+(person &p1)
{
person temp;
temp.m_a = p1.m_a + this->m_a;
temp.m_b = p1.m_b + this->m_b;
return temp;
}
person()
{
m_a = 10;
m_b = 20;
}
person(int a, int b) :m_a(a), m_b(b)
{
}
person(const person& p)
{
m_a = p.m_a;
m_b = p.m_b;
}
int m_a;
int m_b;
};
int main()
{
person p;
person p1(100, 200);
person p2;
p2 = p1.operator+(p);
cout << p.m_a << " " << p.m_b<<endl;
cout << p1.m_a << " " << p1.m_b<<endl;
cout << p2.m_a << " " << p2.m_b<<endl;
}
第二种方法:通过全局函数重载
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class person
{
public:
person()
{
m_a = 10;
m_b = 20;
}
person(int a, int b) :m_a(a), m_b(b)
{
}
person(const person& p)
{
m_a = p.m_a;
m_b = p.m_b;
}
int m_a;
int m_b;
};
person operator+(person& p1, person& p2)
{
person temp;
temp.m_a = p1.m_a + p2.m_b;
temp.m_b = p1.m_b + p2.m_b;
return temp;
}
int main()
{
person p;
person p1(100, 200);
person p2;
p2 = p1+p2;
cout << p.m_a << " " << p.m_b<<endl;
cout << p1.m_a << " " << p1.m_b<<endl;
cout << p2.m_a << " " << p2.m_b<<endl;
}
还可以重载不同类型的加号,比如int加person
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class person
{
public:
person()
{
m_a = 10;
m_b = 20;
}
person(int a, int b) :m_a(a), m_b(b)
{
}
person(const person& p)
{
m_a = p.m_a;
m_b = p.m_b;
}
int m_a;
int m_b;
};
person operator+(person& p1, int a)
{
person temp;
temp.m_a = p1.m_a + a;
temp.m_b = p1.m_b + a;
return temp;
}
int main()
{
person p;
person p1(100, 200);
person p2;
p2 = p1+10;
cout << p.m_a << " " << p.m_b<<endl;
cout << p1.m_a << " " << p1.m_b<<endl;
cout << p2.m_a << " " << p2.m_b<<endl;
}
一定要注意重载后不能改变参数位置person和int的位置不能改变
假设重载在类里面,成员函数重载:调用成员函数时,第一个操作数必须是对象,因为第一个操作数还有调用成员函数的功能
为什么传引用传值不可以吗?
传引用则是C++比C所不同的地方。传引用,传递的是实参本身,而不是实参的一个拷贝,形参的修改就是实参的修改 。. 相比于传值,就重载加法来说传引用的好处是省去了复制,节约了空间和时间。.假如不希望修改变量的值,那么请选择传值而不是传引用。