微服务之初体验（2）

承接上一篇，这一篇将完成消费者模块、Eureka集群、服务发现

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上一篇：微服务之初体验（1）

一、构建消费者子模块

在父项目下新建一个名为 springcloud-consumer-dept-80 子模块

导入相关依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>springcloud-0</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>springcloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

配置

在application.yml文件里配置端口号

server:
  port: 80

此模块没有 service 层，controller 层可通过 RestTemplate 访问远程 http 服务，需要先编写配置类ConfigBean

package com.zh.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

然后，在 controller 里调用

package com.zh.controller;
import com.zh.pojo.Dept;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class DeptConsumerController {
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;// 提供多种便捷访问远程http服务的方法，简单的restful服务模板
    private static final String URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/add")
    public boolean add(Dept dept){
        return restTemplate.postForObject(URL_PREFIX+"/dept/add",dept,Boolean.class);
    }
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id")Long id){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(URL_PREFIX+"/dept/get/"+id,Dept.class);
    }
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> list(){
        return restTemplate.getForObject(URL_PREFIX+"/dept/list",List.class);
    }
}

启动测试

启动类DeptConsumer_80：

package com.zh;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConsumer_80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer_80.class,args);
    }
}

测试功能，先启动DeptProvider_8001，再启动DeptConsumer_80，打开浏览器输入localhost/consumer/dept/list，可见下图

二、Eureka 集群

添加依赖

继续新建三个子模块springcloud-eureka-7001，pringcloud-eureka-7002，pringcloud-eureka-7003，并添加依赖

<!-- Eureka-server -->
<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
     <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
 </dependency>

注意！记得在springcloud-provider-dept-8001模块也添加以下依赖，并且在DeptProvider_8001启动类里添加注解@EnableEurekaClient。

<!-- Eureka -->
<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
     <version>1.4.6.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
 </dependency>

配置 .yml 文件

springcloud-eureka-7001：

server:
  port: 7001
# Eureka
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7001.zz
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7002.zz:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.zz:7003/eureka/

springcloud-eureka-7002：

server:
  port: 7002

# eureka
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7002.zz
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.zz:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7003.zz:7003/eureka/

springcloud-eureka-7003：

server:
  port: 7003

# eureka
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka7003.zz
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.zz:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.zz:7002/eureka/

springcloud-provider-dept-8001：添加如下配置

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.zz:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.zz:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.zz:7003/eureka/
  instance:
    instance-id: springcloud-provider-dept 8001

启动类

分别编写三个启动类（这里只写一个启动类，其它两个自行修改类名即可）

package com.zh;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer // Eureka
public class Eureka_7001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Eureka_7003.class,args);
    }
}

模拟集群

为了模拟集群效果，你可以在自己电脑上进行如下设置
1.进入到C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc下，打开并编辑 hosts 文件

2.添加如下配置

依次启动 eureka_7001，eureka_7002，eureka_7003，最后启动 springcloud-provider-dept-8001。
在浏览器输入http://eureka7001.zz:7001/（点击其它节点链接后，手动删掉地址后的/eureka，可正常打开页面）

.yml（springcloud-provider-dept-8001模块）添加配置如下，可在点击springcloud-provider-dept 8001后得到数据

info:
  app.name: az-springcloud
  conpany.name: www.az.com

服务发现

接下来，在DeptController类（springcloud-provider-dept-8001模块）中写个服务发现功能

package com.zh.controller;
import com.zh.pojo.Dept;
import com.zh.service.DeptService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
// 提供 Restful 服务
@RestController
public class DeptController {
    @Autowired
    private DeptService deptService;

    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient client;

    @PostMapping("/dept/add")
    public boolean addDept(Dept dept){
        return deptService.addDept(dept);
    }
    @GetMapping("/dept/get/{id}")
    public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return deptService.queryById(id);
    }
    @GetMapping("/dept/list")
    public List<Dept> queryAll(){
        return deptService.queryAll();
    }

    @GetMapping("/dept/discovery")
    public Object discovery(){
        List<String> services = client.getServices();
        System.out.println("discovery==>services"+services);
        List<ServiceInstance> instances = client.getInstances("SPRINGCLOUD-PROVIDER-DEPT");
        for (ServiceInstance instance : instances) {
            System.out.println(
                    instance.getHost()+"\t"+ // 主机名
                    instance.getPort()+"\t"+ // 端口
                    instance.getUri()+"\t"+ // 地址
                    instance.getServiceId() // .yml配置的application名字
            );
        }
        return this.client;
    }
}

在浏览器上输入``可在控制台看到输出结果

至此未完……下一篇继续……