python SHA1算法的实现

关于SHA1的知识点，好多文章介绍的很详细，我在这里分享一下直接用python实现的SHA1算法，和大家一起交流学习

首先和大家介绍一下sha1：

SHA-1（英语：Secure Hash Algorithm 1，中文名：安全散列算法1）是一种密码散列函数。SHA-1可以生成一个被称为消息摘要的160位（20字节）散列值，散列值通常的呈现形式为40个十六进制数。

一下是代码段

#初始化变量
K = [0x5A827999, 0x6ED9EBA1, 0x8F1BBCDC, 0xCA62C1D6]

A = 0x67452301
B = 0xEFCDAB89
C = 0x98BADCFE
D = 0x10325476
E = 0xC3D2E1F0

A0 = 0x67452301
B0 = 0xEFCDAB89
C0 = 0x98BADCFE
D0 = 0x10325476
E0 = 0xC3D2E1F0


'''字节转换，字节（8bit）->字（32bit）'''
def CharToWord( context,i):
    return ((ord(context[i]) & 0x000000ff) << 24) | ((ord(context[i + 1]) & 0x000000ff) << 16) | ((ord(context[i + 2]) & 0x000000ff) << 8) | (ord(context[i + 3]) & 0x000000ff)

'''填充补位获得原始明文'''
def SHA1_fill(plaintext, group, length):
    print("补位后的明文：")
    text1 = list(plaintext)
    for n in range(length//8, 56):
        text1.append(chr(0))
    plaintext=''.join(text1)
    temp = length // 32
    len1 = length
    while len1 > 0:
        len1 = len1//32
        if len1:
            for j in range(0, temp):
                group[j] = CharToWord(plaintext, 4 * j)
                print(hex(group[j]))
        else:
            text = list(plaintext)
            b = 0x80
            text.insert(length // 8, chr(b))
            plaintext = ''.join(text)
            group[temp] = CharToWord(plaintext, temp * 4)
            print(hex(group[temp]))
            break
    group[15] = length
    for i in range(temp + 1,16):
        print(hex(group[i]).ljust(10, '0'))


'''f函数'''
def f(B ,C ,D , t):
    if t >=0 and t <= 19:
        return (B & C) ^ (~B & D)
    if t >= 20 and t <= 39:
        return B ^ C ^ D
    if t >= 40 and t <= 59:
        return (B & C) ^ (B & D) ^ (C & D)
    if t >= 60 and t <= 79:
        return B ^ C ^ D


'''获得 Kt'''
def GETK(t):
    if t >= 0 and t <= 19:
        return K[0]
    if t >= 20 and t <= 39:
        return K[1]
    if t >= 40 and t <= 59:
        return K[2]
    if t >= 60 and t <= 79:
        return K[3]

'''获得 Wt ,这里要特别注意mod（2**32）'''
def GETW(w):
    for i in range(16,80):
        w[i] = (((w[i - 3] ^ w[i - 8] ^ w[i - 14] ^ w[i - 16]) << 1) | ((w[i - 3] ^ w[i - 8] ^ w[i - 14] ^ w[i - 16]) >> 31)) % 2**32


'''步函数,注意mod（2**32）'''
def Step(t,w):
    global A
    global B
    global C
    global D
    global E
    T = (((A << 5) | (A >> 27)) + f(B, C, D, t) + E + w[t] + GETK(t)) % 2**32
    E = D
    D = C
    C = ((B << 30) | (B >> 2)) % 2**32
    B = A
    A = T


'''获得密文'''
def GetCipher(cipher):
    cipher[0] = (A0 + A) % 2**32
    cipher[1] = (B0 + B) % 2**32
    cipher[2] = (C0 + C) % 2**32
    cipher[3] = (D0 + D) % 2**32
    cipher[4] = (E0 + E) % 2**32
    print("密文为：")
    for j in range(0, 5):
        print(hex(cipher[j])[2:], end='')
    print()

def SHA1(context, cipher):
    len1 = len(context) * 8
    group = []
    for i in range(80):
        group.append(0)
    SHA1_fill(context, group, len1)
    GETW(group)
    for t in range(80):
        Step(t, group)
    GetCipher(cipher)




m = input("请输入长度小于56的明文：")
c = []
for i in range(0, 5):
    c.append(0)
SHA1(m, c)
'''以下为python自带sha1函数，以便对照'''
import hashlib
print("自带函数哈希后密文：")
b = hashlib.sha1()
b.update(m.encode())
sha1 = b.hexdigest()
print(sha1)

以下是运行结果：

上述代码如果有什么 不足之处还请大佬们见谅，还有什么待完善之处，欢迎大家批评指正！