操作系统-读者写者问题（写者优先）

思路：

写者优先与读者优先类似。不同之处在于一旦一个写者到来，它应该尽快对文件进行写操作，如果有一个写者在等待，则新到来的读者不允许进行读操作。为此应当添加一个整型变量write_count，用于记录正在等待的写者的数目，当write_count=0时，才可以释放等待的读者线程队列。为了对全局变量write_count实现互斥，必须增加一个互斥对象mutex2。为了实现写者优先，应当添加一个临界区对象read，当有写者在写文件或等待时，读者必须阻塞在read上。同样，有读者读时，写者必须等待。于是，必须有一个互斥对象RW_mutex来实现这个互斥。有写者在写时，写者必须等待。读者线程要对全局变量read_count实现操作上的互斥，必须有一个互斥对象命名为mutex1。

/*
* 	写者优先
*/

# include <stdio.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <time.h>
# include <sys/types.h>
# include <pthread.h>
# include <semaphore.h>
# include <string.h>
# include <unistd.h>

//semaphores
sem_t RWMutex, mutex1, mutex2, mutex3, wrt;
int writeCount, readCount;


struct data {
	int id;
	int opTime;
	int lastTime;
};

//读者
void* Reader(void* param) {
	int id = ((struct data*)param)->id;
	int lastTime = ((struct data*)param)->lastTime;
	int opTime = ((struct data*)param)->opTime;

	sleep(opTime);
	printf("Thread %d: waiting to read\n", id);	

	sem_wait(&mutex3);
	sem_wait(&RWMutex);
	sem_wait(&mutex2);
	readCount++;
	if(readCount == 1)
		sem_wait(&wrt);
	sem_post(&mutex2);
	sem_post(&RWMutex);
	sem_post(&mutex3);

	printf("Thread %d: start reading\n", id);
	/* reading is performed */
	sleep(lastTime);
	printf("Thread %d: end reading\n", id);

	sem_wait(&mutex2);
	readCount--;
	if(readCount == 0)
		sem_post(&wrt);
	sem_post(&mutex2);

	pthread_exit(0);
}

//写者
void* Writer(void* param) {
	int id = ((struct data*)param)->id;
	int lastTime = ((struct data*)param)->lastTime;
	int opTime = ((struct data*)param)->opTime;

	sleep(opTime);
	printf("Thread %d: waiting to write\n", id);
	
	sem_wait(&mutex1);
	writeCount++;
	if(writeCount == 1){
		sem_wait(&RWMutex);
	}
	sem_post(&mutex1);
	
	sem_wait(&wrt);
	printf("Thread %d: start writing\n", id);
	/* writing is performed */
	sleep(lastTime);
	printf("Thread %d: end writing\n", id);
	sem_post(&wrt);

	sem_wait(&mutex1);
	writeCount--;
	if(writeCount == 0) {
		sem_post(&RWMutex);
	}
	sem_post(&mutex1);
	
	pthread_exit(0);
}

int main() {
	//pthread
	pthread_t tid; // the thread identifier

	pthread_attr_t attr; //set of thread attributes

	/* get the default attributes */
	pthread_attr_init(&attr);

	//initial the semaphores
    sem_init(&mutex1, 0, 1);
    sem_init(&mutex2, 0, 1);
    sem_init(&mutex3, 0, 1);
    sem_init(&wrt, 0, 1);
    sem_init(&RWMutex, 0, 1);

    readCount = writeCount = 0;

	int id = 0;
	while(scanf("%d", &id) != EOF) {

		char role;		//producer or consumer
		int opTime;		//operating time
		int lastTime;	//run time

		scanf("%c%d%d", &role, &opTime, &lastTime);
		struct data* d = (struct data*)malloc(sizeof(struct data));

		d->id = id;
		d->opTime = opTime;
		d->lastTime = lastTime;

		if(role == 'R') {
			printf("Create the %d thread: Reader\n", id);
			pthread_create(&tid, &attr, Reader, d);

		}
		else if(role == 'W') {
			printf("Create the %d thread: Writer\n", id);
			pthread_create(&tid, &attr, Writer, d);
		}
	}

	sem_destroy(&mutex1);
	sem_destroy(&mutex2);
	sem_destroy(&mutex3);
	sem_destroy(&RWMutex);
	sem_destroy(&wrt);

	return 0;
}

测试数据：

1 R 3 5
2 W 4 5
3 R 5 2
4 R 6 5
5 W 7 3

测试结果：