SpringMvc系列笔记八——异常处理

异常处理

创建 SpringMVC 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> 
	<!--配置注解扫描--> 
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.lanh.web.controller"/> 
	
	<!--配置注解驱动--> 
	<mvc:annotation-driven/> 
	
	<!--配置视图解析器--> 
	<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewR esolver"> 
	<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> 
	<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> 
	</bean>
</beans>

配置前端控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> 
	<servlet> 
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> 
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet< /servlet-class> 
		<init-param> 
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> 
		</init-param> 
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
	</servlet> 
	<servlet-mapping> 
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> 
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 
	</servlet-mapping> 
</web-app>

使用@ExceptionHandler 注解

该注解可以在需要捕获该异常的Controller中进行定义，从而对相应异常进行局部捕获

@ExceptionHandler({java.lang.NullPointerException.class,java.lang.ArithmeticException.class}) 
public String NullPointExceptionHandle(Exception e, Model model){ 
	model.addAttribute("msg",e); 
	return "error"; 
}

@ExceptionHandler({java.lang.Exception.class}) 
public String ExceptionHandle(Exception e,Model model){ 
	model.addAttribute("msg",e); 
	return "error2"; 
}

使用@ControllerAdvice和@ExceptionHandler处理异常

@ControllerAdvice注解用于定义全局异常处理类
使用了该注解的类，将处理所有 Controller 层抛出的对应Exception 及其子类的异常

如果 @ExceptionHandler 注解中未声明要处理的异常类型，则默认为参数列表中的异常类型

@ControllerAdvice 
public class GlobalExceptionHandle { 
	@ExceptionHandler({java.lang.NullPointerException.class,java.lang.ArithmeticException.class}) 
	public String NullPointExceptionHandle(Exception e, Model model){ 
		model.addAttribute("msg",e); 
		return "error";
	}
	
	@ExceptionHandler({java.lang.Exception.class}) 
	public String ExceptionHandle(Exception e,Model model){ 
		model.addAttribute("msg",e); 
		return "error2"; 
	} 
}

使用 SimpleMappingExceptionResolver 处理异常

利用自带的SimpleMappingExceptionResolver进行全局异常处理

@Configuration 
public class GlobalExceptionHandle { 
	@Bean 
	public SimpleMappingExceptionResolver getSimpleMappingExceptionResolver(){ 
		SimpleMappingExceptionResolver resolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver(); 
		Properties properties = new Properties(); 
		properties.put("java.lang.NullPointerException","error"); 
		properties.put("java.lang.ArithmeticException","error2"); 
		resolver.setExceptionMappings(properties); 
		return resolver; 
	} 
}

自定义HandlerExceptionResolver处理器处理异常

自定义HandlerExceptionResolver处理器进行全局异常处理

@Configuration 
public class GlobalExceptionHandle implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
	@Override 
	public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) { 
		ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView(); 
		if(e instanceof NullPointerException){ 
			modelAndView.setViewName("error"); 
		}
		if(e instanceof ArithmeticException){ 
			modelAndView.setViewName("error2"); 
		}
		modelAndView.addObject("msg",e); 
		return modelAndView; 
	} 
}