目录
一、图解
二、详细步骤
1.加载驱动并实现Driver接口实现类
java.sql.Driver 接口是所有 JDBC 驱动程序需要实现的接口。这个接口是提供给数据库厂商使用的,不同数据库厂商提供不同的实现。
在程序中不需要直接去访问实现了 Driver 接口的类,而是由驱动程序管理器类(java.sql.DriverManager)去调用这些Driver实现。
导入文件
找到Driver即可
2.创建Connection对象
//获取连接
public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
InputStream is = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties");
Properties pros = new Properties();
pros.load(is);
String user = pros.getProperty("user");
String password = pros.getProperty("password");
String url = pros.getProperty("url");
String driverClass = pros.getProperty("driverClass");
//加载驱动
Class.forName(driverClass);
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
return connection;
}
3.创建PreparedStatement对象
增删改
public static void update(String sql,Object ...arg) throws Exception {
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement ps = null;
conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
ps.setObject(i+1,arg[i]);
}
ps.execute();
JDBCUtils.closeResource(conn,ps);
}
查1(单行数据)
public static <T> T querydept2(Class<T> clazz, String sql, Object... arg) throws Exception {
Connection conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
ps.setObject(i + 1, arg[i]);
}
ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
//获取结果集的元数据:ResultSetMetaData
ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
//通过ResultSetMetaData获取结果集中的列数
int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
if (rs.next()) {
T t = clazz.newInstance();
for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++) {
//获取值
Object columValue = rs.getObject(i + 1);
//获取每个列的列名
//获取列的列名:getColumnName()--不推荐使用
//获取列的别名:getColumnLabel()
// String columnName = rsmd.getColumnName(i + 1);
String columnLabel = rsmd.getColumnLabel(i + 1);
//给cust对象指定的columnName属性,赋值为columValue:通过反射
Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(columnLabel);
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(t, columValue);
}
return t;
}
JDBCUtils.closeResource(conn, ps, rs);
return null;
}
查2(多行数据)
public static <T> List<T> getForList(Class<T> clazz, String sql, Object... arg) throws Exception {
Connection conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
ps.setObject(i + 1, arg[i]);
}
ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
ArrayList<T> list = new ArrayList<>();
try {
while (rs.next()) {
T t = clazz.newInstance();
//处理结果集一行数据中的每一个列:给t对象指定的属性赋值
for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++) {
Object columValue = rs.getObject(i + 1);
String columnLabel = rsmd.getColumnLabel(i + 1);
Field field = clazz.getDeclaredField(columnLabel);
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(t, columValue);
}
list.add(t);
}
return list;
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
JDBCUtils.closeResource(conn, ps, rs);
}
return null;
}
4.执行SQL语句
增删改
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//使用通用增删改
String sql = "update dept2 set mid=? where dname=?";
update(sql,6,"lll");
}
查
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
/* 单行
String sql = "select * from dept2 where mid=?";
dept2 dept2 = querydept2(dept2.class, sql, 5);
System.out.println(dept2);*/
// 多行
String sql = "select * from dept2 where mid>?";
List<dept2> forList = getForList(dept2.class, sql, 100);
forList.forEach(System.out::println);
}
5.关闭资源
增删改
public static void closeResource(Connection conn, Statement ps) {
try {
if (ps != null)
ps.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
if (conn != null)
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void closeResource(Connection conn, Statement ps, ResultSet rs) {
try {
if (ps != null)
ps.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
if (conn != null)
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
if (rs != null)
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
查
public static void closeResource(Connection conn, Statement ps, ResultSet rs) {
try {
if (ps != null)
ps.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
if (conn != null)
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
if (rs != null)
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}