组件通信 Vue3

荭色海湾

于 2024-08-29 22:04:22 发布

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分类专栏： Vue3 文章标签： javascript 前端 vue.js

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_53374893/article/details/141648833

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1.props

1.child

<template>
  <div class="child">
    <h3>子组件</h3>
		<h4>玩具：{{ toy }}</h4>
		<h4>父给的车：{{ car }}</h4>
		<button @click="sendToy(toy)">把玩具给父亲</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Child">
	import {ref} from 'vue'
	// 数据
	let toy = ref('奥特曼')
	// 声明接收props
	defineProps(['car','sendToy'])
</script>

<style scoped>
	.child{
		background-color: skyblue;
		padding: 10px;
		box-shadow: 0 0 10px black;
		border-radius: 10px;
	}
</style>

2.father

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
		<h4>汽车：{{ car }}</h4>
		<h4 v-show="toy">子给的玩具：{{ toy }}</h4>
		<Child :car="car" :sendToy="getToy"/>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
	import Child from './Child.vue'
	import {ref} from 'vue'
	// 数据
	let car = ref('奔驰')
	let toy = ref('')
	// 方法
	function getToy(value:string){
		toy.value = value
	}
</script>

<style scoped>
	.father{
		background-color:rgb(165, 164, 164);
		padding: 20px;
		border-radius: 10px;
	}
</style>

2.自定义事件

1.child

<template>
  <div class="child">
    <h3>子组件</h3>
		<h4>玩具：{{ toy }}</h4>
		<button @click="emit('send-toy',toy)">测试</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Child">
	import { ref } from "vue";
	// 数据
	let toy = ref('奥特曼')
	// 声明事件
	const emit =  defineEmits(['send-toy'])
	// emit('send-toy',toy)
</script>

<style scoped>
	.child{
		margin-top: 10px;
		background-color: rgb(76, 209, 76);
		padding: 10px;
		box-shadow: 0 0 10px black;
		border-radius: 10px;
	}
</style>

2.father

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
		<h4 v-show="toy">子给的玩具：{{ toy }}</h4>
		<!-- 给子组件Child绑定事件 -->
    <Child @send-toy="saveToy"/>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
  import Child from './Child.vue'
	import { ref } from "vue";
	// 数据
	let toy = ref('')
	// 用于保存传递过来的玩具
	function saveToy(value:string){
		console.log('saveToy',value)
		toy.value = value
	}
</script>

<style scoped>
	.father{
		background-color:rgb(165, 164, 164);
		padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
	}
	.father button{
		margin-right: 5px;
	}
</style>

3.mitt

1.安装mitt

npm i mitt

//引入mitt
import mitt from "mitt";
//调用mitt得到emitter  emiiter能：绑事件，触发事件
const emmiter =  mitt();

// //绑定事件
// emmiter.on('test1',()=>{
//     console.log('test1被调用');
    
// })
// emmiter.on('test2',()=>{
//     console.log('test2被调用');
    
// })

// console.log('a');

// setInterval(()=>{
//     console.log('2秒后触发事件');
    
//     emmiter.emit('test1');
//     emmiter.emit('test2');
// },1000)

// setTimeout(()=>{
//     console.log('2秒后触发事件');
    
//     // emmiter.off('test1');

// emmiter.all.clear()
//     // emmiter.emit('test2');
// },3000)

//暴露emmiter
export default emmiter;

2.father

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
    <Child1/>
    <Child2/>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
  import Child1 from './Child1.vue'
  import Child2 from './Child2.vue'
</script>

<style scoped>
	.father{
		background-color:rgb(165, 164, 164);
		padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
	}
  .father button{
    margin-left: 5px;
  }
</style>

3.child1

<template>
  <div class="child1">
    <h3>子组件1</h3>
		<h4>玩具：{{ toy }}</h4>
		<button @click="emitter.emit('send-toy',toy)">玩具给弟弟</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Child1">
	import {ref} from 'vue'
	import emitter from '@/utils/emmitter';

	// 数据
	let toy = ref('奥特曼')
</script>

<style scoped>
	.child1{
		margin-top: 50px;
		background-color: skyblue;
		padding: 10px;
		box-shadow: 0 0 10px black;
		border-radius: 10px;
	}
	.child1 button{
		margin-right: 10px;
	}
</style>

4.child2

<template>
  <div class="child2">
    <h3>子组件2</h3>
		<h4>电脑：{{ computer }}</h4>
		<h4>哥哥给的玩具：{{ toy }}</h4>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Child2">
	import {ref,onUnmounted} from 'vue'
	import emitter from '@/utils/emmitter';
	// 数据
	let computer = ref('联想')
	let toy = ref('')

	// 给emitter绑定send-toy事件
	emitter.on('send-toy',(value:any)=>{
		toy.value = value
	})
	// 在组件卸载时解绑send-toy事件
	onUnmounted(()=>{
		emitter.off('send-toy')
	})
</script>

<style scoped>
	.child2{
		margin-top: 50px;
		background-color: orange;
		padding: 10px;
		box-shadow: 0 0 10px black;
		border-radius: 10px;
	}
</style>

4.v-model

1.child

<template>
  <div>
    <!-- <el-input
      v-model="input"
      style="width: 240px"
      placeholder="Please input"
      clearable
    /> -->

    <input type="text" :value="modelValue" @input="emit('update:modelValue',(<HTMLInputElement> $event.target).value)">
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="AtguiguInput">
import { ref } from "vue";


defineProps(['modelValue']);
const emit = defineEmits(['update:modelValue']);

</script>

<style lang="css" scoped>
input {
  border: 2px solid black;
  background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, red, yellow, green);
  height: 30;
  font-size: 20px;
  color: white;
}
</style>

2.father

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
   <!-- <input type="text" v-model="username"> -->

   <!-- 双向绑定原理 -->
   <!-- <input type="text" :value="username" @input="username = (<HTMLInputElement> $event.target).value" > -->

<!-- v-model用在组件标签上 -->

<AtguiguInput v-model="username" />
 <!-- 上面那行代码等价下面代码 本质 就是 往下传一个属性 ，一个事件， input改变的同时，触发事件，导致属性更新，有重新渲染模板 -->
<!-- <AtguiguInput :modelValue="username" @update:modelValue="username = $event" /> -->


  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
	import { ref } from "vue";
import AtguiguInput from './AtguiguInput.vue'

  // 数据
  let username = ref('zhansgan')
  let password = ref('123456')
</script>

<style scoped>
.father {
  padding: 20px;
  background-color: rgb(165, 164, 164);
  border-radius: 10px;
}
</style>

可以写多个

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
    <h4>{{ username }}</h4>
   <!-- <input type="text" v-model="username"> -->

   <!-- 双向绑定原理 -->
   <!-- <input type="text" :value="username" @input="username = (<HTMLInputElement> $event.target).value" > -->

<!-- v-model用在组件标签上 -->

<!-- <AtguiguInput v-model="username" /> -->
 <!-- 上面那行代码等价下面代码 本质 就是 往下传一个属性 ，一个事件， input改变的同时，触发事件，导致属性更新，有重新渲染模板 -->
<!-- <AtguiguInput :modelValue="username" @update:modelValue="username = $event" /> -->


<!-- 修改modelvalue -->
<AtguiguInput v-model:name="username" v-model:pwd ="password"/>




  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
	import { ref } from "vue";
import AtguiguInput from './AtguiguInput.vue'

  // 数据
  let username = ref('zhansgan')
  let password = ref('123456')
</script>

<style scoped>
.father {
  padding: 20px;
  background-color: rgb(165, 164, 164);
  border-radius: 10px;
}
</style>

5.$attrs

1.father

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
		<h4>a：{{a}}</h4>
		<h4>b：{{b}}</h4>
		<h4>c：{{c}}</h4>
		<h4>d：{{d}}</h4>
		<Child :a="a" :b="b" :c="c" :d="d" v-bind="{x:100,y:200}" :updateA="updateA"/>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
	import Child from './Child.vue'
	import {ref} from 'vue'

	let a = ref(1)
	let b = ref(2)
	let c = ref(3)
	let d = ref(4)

	function updateA(value:number){
		a.value += value
	}
</script>

<style scoped>
	.father{
		background-color: rgb(165, 164, 164);
		padding: 20px;
		border-radius: 10px;
	}
</style>

2.child

<template>
	<div class="child">
		<h3>子组件</h3>
		<GrandChild v-bind="$attrs"/>
	</div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Child">
	import GrandChild from './GrandChild.vue'
</script>

<style scoped>
	.child{
		margin-top: 20px;
		background-color: skyblue;
		padding: 20px;
		border-radius: 10px;
		box-shadow: 0 0 10px black;
	}
</style>

3.grandchild

<template>
	<div class="grand-child">
		<h3>孙组件</h3>
		<h4>a：{{ a }}</h4>
		<h4>b：{{ b }}</h4>
		<h4>c：{{ c }}</h4>
		<h4>d：{{ d }}</h4>
		<h4>x：{{ x }}</h4>
		<h4>y：{{ y }}</h4>
		<button @click="updateA(6)">点我将爷爷那的a更新</button>
	</div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="GrandChild">
	defineProps(['a','b','c','d','x','y','updateA'])
</script>

<style scoped>
	.grand-child{
		margin-top: 20px;
		background-color: orange;
		padding: 20px;
		border-radius: 10px;
		box-shadow: 0 0 10px black;
	}
</style>

6.$refs $parent

1.father

<template>
	<div class="father">
		<h3>父组件</h3>
		<h4>房产：{{ house }}</h4>
		<button @click="changeToy">修改Child1的玩具</button>
		<button @click="changeComputer">修改Child2的电脑</button>
		<button @click="getAllChild($refs)">让所有孩子的书变多</button>
		<Child1 ref="c1"/>
		<Child2 ref="c2"/>
	</div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
	import Child1 from './Child1.vue'
	import Child2 from './Child2.vue'
	import { ref,reactive } from "vue";
	let c1 = ref()
	let c2 = ref()

	// 注意点：当访问obj.c的时候，底层会自动读取value属性，因为c是在obj这个响应式对象中的
	/* let obj = reactive({
		a:1,
		b:2,
		c:ref(3)
	})
	let x = ref(4)

	console.log(obj.a)
	console.log(obj.b)
	console.log(obj.c)
	console.log(x) */
	

	// 数据
	let house = ref(4)
	// 方法
	function changeToy(){
		c1.value.toy = '小猪佩奇'
	}
	function changeComputer(){
		c2.value.computer = '华为'
	}
	function getAllChild(refs:{[key:string]:any}){
		console.log(refs)
		for (let key in refs){
			refs[key].book += 3
		}
	}
	// 向外部提供数据
	defineExpose({house})
</script>

<style scoped>
	.father {
		background-color: rgb(165, 164, 164);
		padding: 20px;
		border-radius: 10px;
	}

	.father button {
		margin-bottom: 10px;
		margin-left: 10px;
	}
</style>

2.child1

<template>
  <div class="child1">
    <h3>子组件1</h3>
		<h4>玩具：{{ toy }}</h4>
		<h4>书籍：{{ book }} 本</h4>
		<button @click="minusHouse($parent)">干掉父亲的一套房产</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Child1">
	import { ref } from "vue";
	// 数据
	let toy = ref('奥特曼')
	let book = ref(3)

	// 方法
	function minusHouse(parent:any){
		parent.house -= 1
	}

	// 把数据交给外部
	defineExpose({toy,book})

</script>

<style scoped>
	.child1{
		margin-top: 20px;
		background-color: skyblue;
		padding: 20px;
		border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px black;
	}
</style>

3.child2

<template>
  <div class="child2">
    <h3>子组件2</h3>
		<h4>电脑：{{ computer }}</h4>
		<h4>书籍：{{ book }} 本</h4>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Child2">
		import { ref } from "vue";
		// 数据
		let computer = ref('联想')
		let book = ref(6)
		// 把数据交给外部
		defineExpose({computer,book})
</script>

<style scoped>
	.child2{
		margin-top: 20px;
		background-color: orange;
		padding: 20px;
		border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px black;
	}
</style>

7.$provide $inject

1.father

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
    <h4>银子：{{ money }}万元</h4>
    <h4>车子：一辆{{car.brand}}车，价值{{car.price}}万元</h4>
    <Child/>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
  import Child from './Child.vue'
  import {ref,reactive,provide} from 'vue'

  let money = ref(100)
  let car = reactive({
    brand:'奔驰',
    price:100
  })
  function updateMoney(value:number){
    money.value -= value
  }

  // 向后代提供数据
  provide('moneyContext',{money,updateMoney})
  provide('car',car)

</script>

<style scoped>
  .father {
    background-color: rgb(165, 164, 164);
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
  }
</style>

2.child

<template>
  <div class="child">
    <h3>我是子组件</h3>
    <GrandChild/>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Child">
  import GrandChild from './GrandChild.vue'
</script>

<style scoped>
  .child {
    margin-top: 20px;
    background-color: skyblue;
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px black;
  }
</style>

3.grandchild

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
    <h4>银子：{{ money }}万元</h4>
    <h4>车子：一辆{{car.brand}}车，价值{{car.price}}万元</h4>
    <Child/>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
  import Child from './Child.vue'
  import {ref,reactive,provide} from 'vue'

  let money = ref(100)
  let car = reactive({
    brand:'奔驰',
    price:100
  })
  function updateMoney(value:number){
    money.value -= value
  }

  // 向后代提供数据
  provide('moneyContext',{money,updateMoney})
  provide('car',car)

</script>

<style scoped>
  .father {
    background-color: rgb(165, 164, 164);
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
  }
</style>

8.插槽slot

1.默认插槽

1.child

<template>
  <div class="category">
    <h2>{{title}}</h2>
    <slot>默认内容</slot>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Category">
  defineProps(['title'])
</script>

<style scoped>
  .category {
    background-color: skyblue;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px;
    padding: 10px;
    width: 200px;
    height: 300px;
  }
  h2 {
    background-color: orange;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 800;
  }
</style>

2.father

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
    <div class="content">
      <Category title="热门游戏列表">
        <ul>
          <li v-for="g in games" :key="g.id">{{ g.name }}</li>
        </ul>
      </Category>
      <Category title="今日美食城市">
        <img :src="imgUrl" alt="">
      </Category>
      <Category title="今日影视推荐">
        <video :src="videoUrl" controls></video>
      </Category>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
  import Category from './Category.vue'
  import { ref,reactive } from "vue";

  let games = reactive([
    {id:'asgytdfats01',name:'英雄联盟'},
    {id:'asgytdfats02',name:'王者农药'},
    {id:'asgytdfats03',name:'红色警戒'},
    {id:'asgytdfats04',name:'斗罗大陆'}
  ])
  let imgUrl = ref('https://z1.ax1x.com/2023/11/19/piNxLo4.jpg')
  let videoUrl = ref('http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/big_buck_bunny.mp4')

</script>

<style scoped>
  .father {
    background-color: rgb(165, 164, 164);
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
  }
  .content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-evenly;
  }
  img,video {
    width: 100%;
  }
</style>

2.具名插槽

1.child

<template>
  <div class="category">
    <slot name="s1">默认内容1</slot>
    <slot name="s2">默认内容2</slot>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Category">
  
</script>

<style scoped>
  .category {
    background-color: skyblue;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px;
    padding: 10px;
    width: 200px;
    height: 300px;
  }
</style>

2.father

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
    <div class="content">
      <Category>
        <template v-slot:s2>
          <ul>
            <li v-for="g in games" :key="g.id">{{ g.name }}</li>
          </ul>
        </template>
        <template v-slot:s1>
          <h2>热门游戏列表</h2>
        </template>
      </Category>

      <Category>
        <template v-slot:s2>
          <img :src="imgUrl" alt="">
        </template>
        <template v-slot:s1>
          <h2>今日美食城市</h2>
        </template>
      </Category>

      <!-- 语法糖。 简便写法 -->
      <Category>
        <template #s2>
          <video video :src="videoUrl" controls></video>
        </template>
        <template #s1>
          <h2>今日影视推荐</h2>
        </template>
      </Category>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
  import Category from './Category.vue'
  import { ref,reactive } from "vue";

  let games = reactive([
    {id:'asgytdfats01',name:'英雄联盟'},
    {id:'asgytdfats02',name:'王者农药'},
    {id:'asgytdfats03',name:'红色警戒'},
    {id:'asgytdfats04',name:'斗罗大陆'}
  ])
  let imgUrl = ref('https://z1.ax1x.com/2023/11/19/piNxLo4.jpg')
  let videoUrl = ref('http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/big_buck_bunny.mp4')

</script>

<style scoped>
  .father {
    background-color: rgb(165, 164, 164);
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
  }
  .content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-evenly;
  }
  img,video {
    width: 100%;
  }
  h2 {
    background-color: orange;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 800;
  }
</style>

3.作用域插槽

1.child

<template>
  <div class="game">
    <h2>游戏列表</h2>
    <slot :youxi="games" x="哈哈" y="你好"></slot>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Game">
  import {reactive} from 'vue'
  let games = reactive([
    {id:'asgytdfats01',name:'英雄联盟'},
    {id:'asgytdfats02',name:'王者农药'},
    {id:'asgytdfats03',name:'红色警戒'},
    {id:'asgytdfats04',name:'斗罗大陆'}
  ])
</script>

<style scoped>
  .game {
    width: 200px;
    height: 300px;
    background-color: skyblue;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px;
  }
  h2 {
    background-color: orange;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 800;
  }
</style>

2.father

<template>
  <div class="father">
    <h3>父组件</h3>
    <div class="content">
      <Game>
        <template v-slot="params">
          <ul>
            <li v-for="y in params.youxi" :key="y.id">
              {{ y.name }}
            </li>
          </ul>
        </template>
      </Game>

      <Game>
        <template v-slot="params">
          <ol>
            <li v-for="item in params.youxi" :key="item.id">
              {{ item.name }}
            </li>
          </ol>
        </template>
      </Game>

      <Game>
        <template #default="{youxi}">
          <h3 v-for="g in youxi" :key="g.id">{{ g.name }}</h3>
        </template>
      </Game>

    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts" name="Father">
  import Game from './Game.vue'
</script>

<style scoped>
  .father {
    background-color: rgb(165, 164, 164);
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 10px;
  }
  .content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-evenly;
  }
  img,video {
    width: 100%;
  }
</style>