基于RabbitMQ实现定时任务

标题基于RabbitMQ实现定时任务

1.首先确保项目安装了 rabbitMQ 的相关依赖，打开 pom.xml 文件添加依赖

源码：链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Kzc18jsD19w_uLq-BFWxRw?pwd=1314 提取码: 1314

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.application.properties 文件配置

#rabbitmq
spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=/

3.创建 RabbitMQConfig 类

这里使用的是 rabbitmq 的延时消息插件所以在声明交换机的时候需将其 type 声明为 “x-delayed-message“

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {

    // 声明 1 个交换机 1个路由key 1个队列
    //延迟交换机
    public static final String DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME = "delay.exchange";
    //延迟队列
    public static final String DELAY_QUEUE_NAME = "delay.queue";
    //路由key
    public static final String DELAY_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY = "delay.queue.routing.key";


    //声明延迟队列
    @Bean("delayQueue")
    public Queue delayQueue(){
        return new Queue(DELAY_QUEUE_NAME);
    }

    //声明延迟交换机
    @Bean("delayExchange")
    public CustomExchange delayExchange(){
        Map<String,Object> args = new HashMap<>();
        args.put("x-delayed-type","direct");
        return new CustomExchange(DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME,"x-delayed-message",true,false,args);
    }
    //声明延迟队列的绑定关系
    @Bean
    public Binding delayBinding(@Qualifier("delayQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("delayExchange")CustomExchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with(DELAY_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY).noargs();
    }
}

4.创建消息的发布者 DelayMessageProducer

@Component
public class DelayMessageProducer {

    @Resource
    protected RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    /**
     * 
     * @param message 消息体
     * @param delayTime 延时时间
     */
    public void send(String message,long delayTime){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(DELAY_EXCHANGE_NAME,DELAY_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY,message,msg -> {

//            msg.getMessageProperties().setDelay(delayTime);
            msg.getMessageProperties().getHeaders().put("x-delay",delayTime);
            return msg;

        });
    }

}

5.创建消息的消费者 DelayMessageConsumer

@Component
@Slf4j
public class DelayMessageConsumer {

    //监听 DELAY_QUEUE_NAME 队列
    @RabbitListener(queues = DELAY_QUEUE_NAME)
    public void receive(Message message) {
        // 获取消息
        String msg = new String(message.getBody());

        // 记录日志
        log.info("延迟队列收到消息：{}", msg);

        // 具体的消费逻辑
    }

6.由于 rabbitmq 的延时时间有上限，超过则立刻消费，如何解决？

1.创建消息时判断传入的延时时间是否大于延时时间最大值，大于则在消息体中传入个 false 参数，小于等于则传入 true 参数，示例代码：

@Component
@Slf4j
public class PublishMessage {

    protected static final int MAX_DELAY_SEGMENT = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

    @Resource
    private DelayMessageProducer producer;

    public boolean pullMessage(String id, Date startAt, Date endAt){

        Date now = new Date();
        boolean flat = false;

        //判断执行时间是否在当前时间之后,调用接口传入执行时间，消息体
        if (startAt != null && startAt.compareTo(now) > 0){

            long delayTime = startAt.getTime() - now.getTime();

            if (delayTime > MAX_DELAY_SEGMENT){
                log.info("开始延时时间超出，进行分段发布");
                producer.send(id + "," + startAt + ",false" , MAX_DELAY_SEGMENT);
            }else {
                producer.send(id + "," + startAt + ",true", delayTime);
            }
            flat = true;
        }
}

2.消费者拿出数据时，判断该参数是 true 还是 false，如果是 true 则直接执行消费逻辑，如果为 false 则需判断执行时间减去当前时间是否还大于延时时间最大值，如果还大于延时最大时间，继续传参 false ，等待下次消费，示例代码：

  @RabbitListener(queues = DELAY_QUEUE_NAME)
    public void receive(Message message) {
        // 获取消息
        String msg = new String(message.getBody());

        // 记录日志
        log.info("延迟队列收到消息：{}", msg);

        //获取消息id 和 执行时间 ，参数
        String[] split = msg.split(",");
        String id = split[0];
        String time = split[1];
        DateTime dateTime = DateUtil.parseCST(time);
        Boolean flat = Boolean.valueOf(split[2]);

        if (flat){
            // 消费 notice 消息
            consumeNotice(id,dateTime);
        }else {
            long delayTime = dateTime.getTime() - System.currentTimeMillis();
            // 如果还大于延时最大时间，继续传参 false ，等待下次消费
            if (delayTime > MAX_DELAY_SEGMENT){
                producer.send(id + "," + delayTime + ",false" , MAX_DELAY_SEGMENT);
            }else {
//                log.info("消息：{}",id + "," + time + ",true");
                producer.send(id + "," + time + ",true" , delayTime);
            }
        }


    }