MySQL是一种关系型数据库管理系统,常用于构建大型Web应用程序。以下是MySQL基础语法知识总结,包括分类和常用命令。
一、数据库操作
1.创建数据库:
CREATE DATABASE database_name;
2.删除数据库:
DROP DATABASE database_name;
3.选择(使用)数据库:
USE database_name;
4.查看所有数据库:
SHOW DATABASES;
二、表操作
1.创建表:
CREATE TABLE table_name (
column1 datatype,
column2 datatype,
column3 datatype,
.....
);
2.删除表:
DROP TABLE table_name;
3.修改表:
ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype;
ALTER TABLE table_name DROP COLUMN column_name;
ALTER TABLE table_name ALTER COLUMN column_name datatype;
4.查看表结构:
DESCRIBE table_name;
三、数据操作
1.插入数据:
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3, ...) VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);
2.更新数据:
UPDATE table_name SET column_name = value WHERE condition;
3.删除数据:
DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;
4.查询数据:
SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name WHERE condition;
四、条件语句
1.WHERE子句:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name = value;
2.AND运算符:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column1 = value1 AND column2 = value2;
3.OR运算符:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column1 = value1 OR column2 = value2;
4.IN运算符:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name IN (value1, value2, ...);
5.NOT运算符:
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE NOT condition;
五、排序和限制
1.ORDER BY子句:
SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY column_name ASC|DESC;
2.LIMIT子句:
SELECT * FROM table_name LIMIT offset, count;
六、聚合函数
1.AVG函数:
SELECT AVG(column_name) FROM table_name;
2.COUNT函数:
SELECT COUNT(column_name) FROM table_name;
3.MAX函数:
SELECT MAX(column_name) FROM table_name;
4.MIN函数:
SELECT MIN(column_name) FROM table_name;
5.SUM函数:
SELECT SUM(column_name) FROM table_name;
以上是MySQL基础语法知识总结,包括分类和常用命令。