一、准备工作
1、导入依赖
<!-- 文件上传 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
<version>4.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.41</version>
</dependency>
<!-- POI -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.16</version>
</dependency>
2、导入工具包
工具包一共有4个,建议创建一个文件夹放一起 ,代码我放在下面
ExcelClassField
package com.wedu.modules.chejian.util;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
/**
*/
public class ExcelClassField {
/** 字段名称 */
private String fieldName;
/** 表头名称 */
private String name;
/** 映射关系 */
private LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap;
/** 示例值 */
private Object example;
/** 排序 */
private int sort;
/** 是否为注解字段:0-否,1-是 */
private int hasAnnotation;
public String getFieldName() {
return fieldName;
}
public void setFieldName(String fieldName) {
this.fieldName = fieldName;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public LinkedHashMap<String, String> getKvMap() {
return kvMap;
}
public void setKvMap(LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap) {
this.kvMap = kvMap;
}
public Object getExample() {
return example;
}
public void setExample(Object example) {
this.example = example;
}
public int getSort() {
return sort;
}
public void setSort(int sort) {
this.sort = sort;
}
public int getHasAnnotation() {
return hasAnnotation;
}
public void setHasAnnotation(int hasAnnotation) {
this.hasAnnotation = hasAnnotation;
}
}
ExcelExport
package com.wedu.modules.chejian.util;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
*/
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ExcelExport {
/** 字段名称 */
String value();
/** 导出排序先后: 数字越小越靠前(默认按Java类字段顺序导出) */
int sort() default 0;
/** 导出映射,格式如:0-未知;1-男;2-女 */
String kv() default "";
/** 导出模板示例值(有值的话,直接取该值,不做映射) */
String example() default "";
}
ExcelImport
package com.wedu.modules.chejian.util;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
* @author sunnyzyq
* @date 2021/12/17
*/
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ExcelImport {
/** 字段名称 */
String value();
/** 导出映射,格式如:0-未知;1-男;2-女 */
String kv() default "";
/** 是否为必填字段(默认为非必填) */
boolean required() default false;
/** 最大长度(默认255) */
int maxLength() default 255;
/** 导入唯一性验证(多个字段则取联合验证) */
boolean unique() default false;
}
ExcelUtils
package com.wedu.modules.chejian.util;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.ClientAnchor.AnchorType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import java.net.URL;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
/**
* Excel导入导出工具类
*
*
* @author sunnyzyq
* @date 2021/12/17
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public class ExcelUtils {
private static final String XLSX = ".xlsx";
private static final String XLS = ".xls";
public static final String ROW_MERGE = "row_merge";
public static final String COLUMN_MERGE = "column_merge";
private static final String DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
private static final String ROW_NUM = "rowNum";
private static final String ROW_DATA = "rowData";
private static final String ROW_TIPS = "rowTips";
private static final int CELL_OTHER = 0;
private static final int CELL_ROW_MERGE = 1;
private static final int CELL_COLUMN_MERGE = 2;
private static final int IMG_HEIGHT = 30;
private static final int IMG_WIDTH = 30;
private static final char LEAN_LINE = '/';
private static final int BYTES_DEFAULT_LENGTH = 10240;
private static final NumberFormat NUMBER_FORMAT = NumberFormat.getNumberInstance();
public static <T> List<T> readFile(File file, Class<T> clazz) throws Exception {
JSONArray array = readFile(file);
return getBeanList(array, clazz);
}
public static <T> List<T> readMultipartFile(MultipartFile mFile, Class<T> clazz) throws Exception {
JSONArray array = readMultipartFile(mFile);
return getBeanList(array, clazz);
}
public static JSONArray readFile(File file) throws Exception {
return readExcel(null, file);
}
public static JSONArray readMultipartFile(MultipartFile mFile) throws Exception {
return readExcel(mFile, null);
}
public static Map<String, JSONArray> readFileManySheet(File file) throws Exception {
return readExcelManySheet(null, file);
}
public static Map<String, JSONArray> readFileManySheet(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
return readExcelManySheet(file, null);
}
private static <T> List<T> getBeanList(JSONArray array, Class<T> clazz) throws Exception {
List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();
Map<Integer, String> uniqueMap = new HashMap<>(16);
for (int i = 0; i < array.size(); i++) {
list.add(getBean(clazz, array.getJSONObject(i), uniqueMap));
}
return list;
}
/**
* 获取每个对象的数据
*/
private static <T> T getBean(Class<T> c, JSONObject obj, Map<Integer, String> uniqueMap) throws Exception {
T t = c.newInstance();
Field[] fields = c.getDeclaredFields();
List<String> errMsgList = new ArrayList<>();
boolean hasRowTipsField = false;
StringBuilder uniqueBuilder = new StringBuilder();
int rowNum = 0;
for (Field field : fields) {
// 行号
if (field.getName().equals(ROW_NUM)) {
rowNum = obj.getInteger(ROW_NUM);
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(t, rowNum);
continue;
}
// 是否需要设置异常信息
if (field.getName().equals(ROW_TIPS)) {
hasRowTipsField = true;
continue;
}
// 原始数据
if (field.getName().equals(ROW_DATA)) {
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(t, obj.toString());
continue;
}
// 设置对应属性值
setFieldValue(t, field, obj, uniqueBuilder, errMsgList);
}
// 数据唯一性校验
if (uniqueBuilder.length() > 0) {
if (uniqueMap.containsValue(uniqueBuilder.toString())) {
Set<Integer> rowNumKeys = uniqueMap.keySet();
for (Integer num : rowNumKeys) {
if (uniqueMap.get(num).equals(uniqueBuilder.toString())) {
errMsgList.add(String.format("数据唯一性校验失败,(%s)与第%s行重复)", uniqueBuilder, num));
}
}
} else {
uniqueMap.put(rowNum, uniqueBuilder.toString());
}
}
// 失败处理
if (errMsgList.isEmpty() && !hasRowTipsField) {
return t;
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int size = errMsgList.size();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if (i == size - 1) {
sb.append(errMsgList.get(i));
} else {
sb.append(errMsgList.get(i)).append(";");
}
}
// 设置错误信息
for (Field field : fields) {
if (field.getName().equals(ROW_TIPS)) {
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(t, sb.toString());
}
}
return t;
}
private static <T> void setFieldValue(T t, Field field, JSONObject obj, StringBuilder uniqueBuilder, List<String> errMsgList) {
// 获取 ExcelImport 注解属性
ExcelImport annotation = field.getAnnotation(ExcelImport.class);
if (annotation == null) {
return;
}
String cname = annotation.value();
if (cname.trim().length() == 0) {
return;
}
// 获取具体值
String val = null;
if (obj.containsKey(cname)) {
val = getString(obj.getString(cname));
}
if (val == null) {
return;
}
field.setAccessible(true);
// 判断是否必填
boolean require = annotation.required();
if (require && val.isEmpty()) {
errMsgList.add(String.format("[%s]不能为空", cname));
return;
}
// 数据唯一性获取
boolean unique = annotation.unique();
if (unique) {
if (uniqueBuilder.length() > 0) {
uniqueBuilder.append("--").append(val);
} else {
uniqueBuilder.append(val);
}
}
// 判断是否超过最大长度
int maxLength = annotation.maxLength();
if (maxLength > 0 && val.length() > maxLength) {
errMsgList.add(String.format("[%s]长度不能超过%s个字符(当前%s个字符)", cname, maxLength, val.length()));
}
// 判断当前属性是否有映射关系
LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap = getKvMap(annotation.kv());
if (!kvMap.isEmpty()) {
boolean isMatch = false;
for (String key : kvMap.keySet()) {
if (kvMap.get(key).equals(val)) {
val = key;
isMatch = true;
break;
}
}
if (!isMatch) {
errMsgList.add(String.format("[%s]的值不正确(当前值为%s)", cname, val));
return;
}
}
// 其余情况根据类型赋值
String fieldClassName = field.getType().getSimpleName();
try {
if ("String".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {
field.set(t, val);
} else if ("boolean".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {
field.set(t, Boolean.valueOf(val));
} else if ("int".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName) || "Integer".equals(fieldClassName)) {
try {
field.set(t, Integer.valueOf(val));
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
errMsgList.add(String.format("[%s]的值格式不正确(当前值为%s)", cname, val));
}
} else if ("double".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {
field.set(t, Double.valueOf(val));
} else if ("long".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {
field.set(t, Long.valueOf(val));
} else if ("BigDecimal".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {
field.set(t, new BigDecimal(val));
} else if ("Date".equalsIgnoreCase(fieldClassName)) {
try {
field.set(t, new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").parse(val));
} catch (Exception e) {
field.set(t, new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse(val));
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static Map<String, JSONArray> readExcelManySheet(MultipartFile mFile, File file) throws IOException {
Workbook book = getWorkbook(mFile, file);
if (book == null) {
return Collections.emptyMap();
}
Map<String, JSONArray> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < book.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) {
Sheet sheet = book.getSheetAt(i);
JSONArray arr = readSheet(sheet);
map.put(sheet.getSheetName(), arr);
}
book.close();
return map;
}
private static JSONArray readExcel(MultipartFile mFile, File file) throws IOException {
Workbook book = getWorkbook(mFile, file);
if (book == null) {
return new JSONArray();
}
JSONArray array = readSheet(book.getSheetAt(0));
book.close();
return array;
}
private static Workbook getWorkbook(MultipartFile mFile, File file) throws IOException {
boolean fileNotExist = (file == null || !file.exists());
if (mFile == null && fileNotExist) {
return null;
}
// 解析表格数据
InputStream in;
String fileName;
if (mFile != null) {
// 上传文件解析
in = mFile.getInputStream();
fileName = getString(mFile.getOriginalFilename()).toLowerCase();
} else {
// 本地文件解析
in = new FileInputStream(file);
fileName = file.getName().toLowerCase();
}
Workbook book;
if (fileName.endsWith(XLSX)) {
book = new XSSFWorkbook(in);
} else if (fileName.endsWith(XLS)) {
POIFSFileSystem poifsFileSystem = new POIFSFileSystem(in);
book = new HSSFWorkbook(poifsFileSystem);
} else {
return null;
}
in.close();
return book;
}
private static JSONArray readSheet(Sheet sheet) {
// 首行下标
int rowStart = sheet.getFirstRowNum();
// 尾行下标
int rowEnd = sheet.getLastRowNum();
// 获取表头行
Row headRow = sheet.getRow(rowStart);
if (headRow == null) {
return new JSONArray();
}
int cellStart = headRow.getFirstCellNum();
int cellEnd = headRow.getLastCellNum();
Map<Integer, String> keyMap = new HashMap<>();
for (int j = cellStart; j < cellEnd; j++) {
// 获取表头数据
String val = getCellValue(headRow.getCell(j));
if (val != null && val.trim().length() != 0) {
keyMap.put(j, val);
}
}
// 如果表头没有数据则不进行解析
if (keyMap.isEmpty()) {
return (JSONArray) Collections.emptyList();
}
// 获取每行JSON对象的值
JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
// 如果首行与尾行相同,表明只有一行,返回表头数据
if (rowStart == rowEnd) {
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
// 添加行号
obj.put(ROW_NUM, 1);
for (int i : keyMap.keySet()) {
obj.put(keyMap.get(i), "");
}
array.add(obj);
return array;
}
for (int i = rowStart + 1; i <= rowEnd; i++) {
Row eachRow = sheet.getRow(i);
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
// 添加行号
obj.put(ROW_NUM, i + 1);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int k = cellStart; k < cellEnd; k++) {
if (eachRow != null) {
String val = getCellValue(eachRow.getCell(k));
// 所有数据添加到里面,用于判断该行是否为空
sb.append(val);
obj.put(keyMap.get(k), val);
}
}
if (sb.length() > 0) {
array.add(obj);
}
}
return array;
}
private static String getCellValue(Cell cell) {
// 空白或空
if (cell == null || cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.BLANK) {
return "";
}
// String类型
if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.STRING) {
String val = cell.getStringCellValue();
if (val == null || val.trim().length() == 0) {
return "";
}
return val.trim();
}
// 数字类型
if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.NUMERIC) {
String s = cell.getNumericCellValue() + "";
// 去掉尾巴上的小数点0
if (Pattern.matches(".*\\.0*", s)) {
return s.split("\\.")[0];
} else {
return s;
}
}
// 布尔值类型
if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.BOOLEAN) {
return cell.getBooleanCellValue() + "";
}
// 错误类型
return cell.getCellFormula();
}
public static <T> void exportTemplate(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, Class<T> clazz) {
exportTemplate(response, fileName, fileName, clazz, false);
}
public static <T> void exportTemplate(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName,
Class<T> clazz) {
exportTemplate(response, fileName, sheetName, clazz, false);
}
public static <T> void exportTemplate(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, Class<T> clazz,
boolean isContainExample) {
exportTemplate(response, fileName, fileName, clazz, isContainExample);
}
public static <T> void exportTemplate(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName,
Class<T> clazz, boolean isContainExample) {
// 获取表头字段
List<ExcelClassField> headFieldList = getExcelClassFieldList(clazz);
// 获取表头数据和示例数据
List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = new ArrayList<>();
List<Object> headList = new ArrayList<>();
List<Object> exampleList = new ArrayList<>();
Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < headFieldList.size(); i++) {
ExcelClassField each = headFieldList.get(i);
headList.add(each.getName());
exampleList.add(each.getExample());
LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap = each.getKvMap();
if (kvMap != null && kvMap.size() > 0) {
selectMap.put(i, new ArrayList<>(kvMap.values()));
}
}
sheetDataList.add(headList);
if (isContainExample) {
sheetDataList.add(exampleList);
}
// 导出数据
export(response, fileName, sheetName, sheetDataList, selectMap);
}
private static <T> List<ExcelClassField> getExcelClassFieldList(Class<T> clazz) {
// 解析所有字段
Field[] fields = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
boolean hasExportAnnotation = false;
Map<Integer, List<ExcelClassField>> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
List<Integer> sortList = new ArrayList<>();
for (Field field : fields) {
ExcelClassField cf = getExcelClassField(field);
if (cf.getHasAnnotation() == 1) {
hasExportAnnotation = true;
}
int sort = cf.getSort();
if (map.containsKey(sort)) {
map.get(sort).add(cf);
} else {
List<ExcelClassField> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(cf);
sortList.add(sort);
map.put(sort, list);
}
}
Collections.sort(sortList);
// 获取表头
List<ExcelClassField> headFieldList = new ArrayList<>();
if (hasExportAnnotation) {
for (Integer sort : sortList) {
for (ExcelClassField cf : map.get(sort)) {
if (cf.getHasAnnotation() == 1) {
headFieldList.add(cf);
}
}
}
} else {
headFieldList.addAll(map.get(0));
}
return headFieldList;
}
private static ExcelClassField getExcelClassField(Field field) {
ExcelClassField cf = new ExcelClassField();
String fieldName = field.getName();
cf.setFieldName(fieldName);
ExcelExport annotation = field.getAnnotation(ExcelExport.class);
// 无 ExcelExport 注解情况
if (annotation == null) {
cf.setHasAnnotation(0);
cf.setName(fieldName);
cf.setSort(0);
return cf;
}
// 有 ExcelExport 注解情况
cf.setHasAnnotation(1);
cf.setName(annotation.value());
String example = getString(annotation.example());
if (!example.isEmpty()) {
if (isNumeric(example) && example.length() < 8) {
cf.setExample(Double.valueOf(example));
} else {
cf.setExample(example);
}
} else {
cf.setExample("");
}
cf.setSort(annotation.sort());
// 解析映射
String kv = getString(annotation.kv());
cf.setKvMap(getKvMap(kv));
return cf;
}
private static LinkedHashMap<String, String> getKvMap(String kv) {
LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
if (kv.isEmpty()) {
return kvMap;
}
String[] kvs = kv.split(";");
if (kvs.length == 0) {
return kvMap;
}
for (String each : kvs) {
String[] eachKv = getString(each).split("-");
if (eachKv.length != 2) {
continue;
}
String k = eachKv[0];
String v = eachKv[1];
if (k.isEmpty() || v.isEmpty()) {
continue;
}
kvMap.put(k, v);
}
return kvMap;
}
/**
* 导出表格到本地
*
* @param file 本地文件对象
* @param sheetData 导出数据
*/
public static void exportFile(File file, List<List<Object>> sheetData) {
if (file == null) {
System.out.println("文件创建失败");
return;
}
if (sheetData == null) {
sheetData = new ArrayList<>();
}
Map<String, List<List<Object>>> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put(file.getName(), sheetData);
export(null, file, file.getName(), map, null);
}
/**
* 导出表格到本地
*
* @param <T> 导出数据类似,和K类型保持一致
* @param filePath 文件父路径(如:D:/doc/excel/)
* @param fileName 文件名称(不带尾缀,如:学生表)
* @param list 导出数据
* @throws IOException IO异常
*/
public static <T> File exportFile(String filePath, String fileName, List<T> list) throws IOException {
File file = getFile(filePath, fileName);
List<List<Object>> sheetData = getSheetData(list);
exportFile(file, sheetData);
return file;
}
/**
* 获取文件
*
* @param filePath filePath 文件父路径(如:D:/doc/excel/)
* @param fileName 文件名称(不带尾缀,如:用户表)
* @return 本地File文件对象
*/
private static File getFile(String filePath, String fileName) throws IOException {
String dirPath = getString(filePath);
String fileFullPath;
if (dirPath.isEmpty()) {
fileFullPath = fileName;
} else {
// 判定文件夹是否存在,如果不存在,则级联创建
File dirFile = new File(dirPath);
if (!dirFile.exists()) {
boolean mkdirs = dirFile.mkdirs();
if (!mkdirs) {
return null;
}
}
// 获取文件夹全名
if (dirPath.endsWith(String.valueOf(LEAN_LINE))) {
fileFullPath = dirPath + fileName + XLSX;
} else {
fileFullPath = dirPath + LEAN_LINE + fileName + XLSX;
}
}
System.out.println(fileFullPath);
File file = new File(fileFullPath);
if (!file.exists()) {
boolean result = file.createNewFile();
if (!result) {
return null;
}
}
return file;
}
private static <T> List<List<Object>> getSheetData(List<T> list) {
// 获取表头字段
List<ExcelClassField> excelClassFieldList = getExcelClassFieldList(list.get(0).getClass());
List<String> headFieldList = new ArrayList<>();
List<Object> headList = new ArrayList<>();
Map<String, ExcelClassField> headFieldMap = new HashMap<>();
for (ExcelClassField each : excelClassFieldList) {
String fieldName = each.getFieldName();
headFieldList.add(fieldName);
headFieldMap.put(fieldName, each);
headList.add(each.getName());
}
// 添加表头名称
List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = new ArrayList<>();
sheetDataList.add(headList);
// 获取表数据
for (T t : list) {
Map<String, Object> fieldDataMap = getFieldDataMap(t);
Set<String> fieldDataKeys = fieldDataMap.keySet();
List<Object> rowList = new ArrayList<>();
for (String headField : headFieldList) {
if (!fieldDataKeys.contains(headField)) {
continue;
}
Object data = fieldDataMap.get(headField);
if (data == null) {
rowList.add("");
continue;
}
ExcelClassField cf = headFieldMap.get(headField);
// 判断是否有映射关系
LinkedHashMap<String, String> kvMap = cf.getKvMap();
if (kvMap == null || kvMap.isEmpty()) {
rowList.add(data);
continue;
}
String val = kvMap.get(data.toString());
if (isNumeric(val)) {
rowList.add(Double.valueOf(val));
} else {
rowList.add(val);
}
}
sheetDataList.add(rowList);
}
return sheetDataList;
}
private static <T> Map<String, Object> getFieldDataMap(T t) {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
try {
for (Field field : fields) {
String fieldName = field.getName();
field.setAccessible(true);
Object object = field.get(t);
map.put(fieldName, object);
}
} catch (IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return map;
}
public static void exportEmpty(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName) {
List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = new ArrayList<>();
List<Object> headList = new ArrayList<>();
headList.add("导出无数据");
sheetDataList.add(headList);
export(response, fileName, sheetDataList);
}
public static void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, List<List<Object>> sheetDataList) {
export(response, fileName, fileName, sheetDataList, null);
}
public static void exportManySheet(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, Map<String, List<List<Object>>> sheetMap) {
export(response, null, fileName, sheetMap, null);
}
public static void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName,
List<List<Object>> sheetDataList) {
export(response, fileName, sheetName, sheetDataList, null);
}
public static void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, String sheetName,
List<List<Object>> sheetDataList, Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap) {
Map<String, List<List<Object>>> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put(sheetName, sheetDataList);
export(response, null, fileName, map, selectMap);
}
public static <T, K> void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, List<T> list, Class<K> template) {
// list 是否为空
boolean lisIsEmpty = list == null || list.isEmpty();
// 如果模板数据为空,且导入的数据为空,则导出空文件
if (template == null && lisIsEmpty) {
exportEmpty(response, fileName);
return;
}
// 如果 list 数据,则导出模板数据
if (lisIsEmpty) {
exportTemplate(response, fileName, template);
return;
}
// 导出数据
List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = getSheetData(list);
export(response, fileName, sheetDataList);
}
public static <T, K> void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, List<T> list, Class<K> template,Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap) {
// list 是否为空
boolean lisIsEmpty = list == null || list.isEmpty();
// 如果模板数据为空,且导入的数据为空,则导出空文件
if (template == null && lisIsEmpty) {
exportEmpty(response, fileName);
return;
}
// 如果 list 数据,则导出模板数据
if (lisIsEmpty) {
exportTemplate(response, fileName, template);
return;
}
// 导出数据
List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = getSheetData(list);
export(response, fileName, sheetDataList,selectMap);
}
public static void export(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName, List<List<Object>> sheetDataList, Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap) {
export(response, fileName, fileName, sheetDataList, selectMap);
}
private static void export(HttpServletResponse response, File file, String fileName,
Map<String, List<List<Object>>> sheetMap, Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap) {
// 整个 Excel 表格 book 对象
SXSSFWorkbook book = new SXSSFWorkbook();
// 每个 Sheet 页
Set<Entry<String, List<List<Object>>>> entries = sheetMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, List<List<Object>>> entry : entries) {
List<List<Object>> sheetDataList = entry.getValue();
Sheet sheet = book.createSheet(entry.getKey());
Drawing<?> patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
// 设置表头背景色(灰色)
CellStyle headStyle = book.createCellStyle();
headStyle.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_80_PERCENT.index);
headStyle.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
headStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
headStyle.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_25_PERCENT.index);
// 设置表身背景色(默认色)
CellStyle rowStyle = book.createCellStyle();
rowStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
rowStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
// 设置表格列宽度(默认为15个字节)
sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(15);
// 创建合并算法数组
int rowLength = sheetDataList.size();
int columnLength = sheetDataList.get(0).size();
int[][] mergeArray = new int[rowLength][columnLength];
for (int i = 0; i < sheetDataList.size(); i++) {
// 每个 Sheet 页中的行数据
Row row = sheet.createRow(i);
List<Object> rowList = sheetDataList.get(i);
for (int j = 0; j < rowList.size(); j++) {
// 每个行数据中的单元格数据
Object o = rowList.get(j);
int v = 0;
if (o instanceof URL) {
// 如果要导出图片的话, 链接需要传递 URL 对象
setCellPicture(book, row, patriarch, i, j, (URL) o);
} else {
Cell cell = row.createCell(j);
if (i == 0) {
// 第一行为表头行,采用灰色底背景
v = setCellValue(cell, o, headStyle);
} else {
// 其他行为数据行,默认白底色
v = setCellValue(cell, o, rowStyle);
}
}
mergeArray[i][j] = v;
}
}
// 合并单元格
mergeCells(sheet, mergeArray);
// 设置下拉列表
setSelect(sheet, selectMap);
}
// 写数据
if (response != null) {
// 前端导出
try {
write(response, book, fileName);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
// 本地导出
FileOutputStream fos;
try {
fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
ByteArrayOutputStream ops = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
book.write(ops);
fos.write(ops.toByteArray());
fos.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 合并当前Sheet页的单元格
*
* @param sheet 当前 sheet 页
* @param mergeArray 合并单元格算法
*/
private static void mergeCells(Sheet sheet, int[][] mergeArray) {
// 横向合并
for (int x = 0; x < mergeArray.length; x++) {
int[] arr = mergeArray[x];
boolean merge = false;
int y1 = 0;
int y2 = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < arr.length; y++) {
int value = arr[y];
if (value == CELL_COLUMN_MERGE) {
if (!merge) {
y1 = y;
}
y2 = y;
merge = true;
} else {
merge = false;
if (y1 > 0) {
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(x, x, (y1 - 1), y2));
}
y1 = 0;
y2 = 0;
}
}
if (y1 > 0) {
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(x, x, (y1 - 1), y2));
}
}
// 纵向合并
int xLen = mergeArray.length;
int yLen = mergeArray[0].length;
for (int y = 0; y < yLen; y++) {
boolean merge = false;
int x1 = 0;
int x2 = 0;
for (int x = 0; x < xLen; x++) {
int value = mergeArray[x][y];
if (value == CELL_ROW_MERGE) {
if (!merge) {
x1 = x;
}
x2 = x;
merge = true;
} else {
merge = false;
if (x1 > 0) {
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress((x1 - 1), x2, y, y));
}
x1 = 0;
x2 = 0;
}
}
if (x1 > 0) {
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress((x1 - 1), x2, y, y));
}
}
}
private static void write(HttpServletResponse response, SXSSFWorkbook book, String fileName) throws IOException {
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String name = new String(fileName.getBytes("GBK"), "ISO8859_1") + XLSX;
response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + name);
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
book.write(out);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
private static int setCellValue(Cell cell, Object o, CellStyle style) {
// 设置样式
cell.setCellStyle(style);
// 数据为空时
if (o == null) {
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
cell.setCellValue("");
return CELL_OTHER;
}
// 是否为字符串
if (o instanceof String) {
String s = o.toString();
// 当数字类型长度超过8位时,改为字符串类型显示(Excel数字超过一定长度会显示为科学计数法)
if (isNumeric(s) && s.length() < 8) {
cell.setCellType(CellType.NUMERIC);
cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(s));
return CELL_OTHER;
} else {
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
cell.setCellValue(s);
}
if (s.equals(ROW_MERGE)) {
return CELL_ROW_MERGE;
} else if (s.equals(COLUMN_MERGE)) {
return CELL_COLUMN_MERGE;
} else {
return CELL_OTHER;
}
}
// 是否为字符串
if (o instanceof Integer || o instanceof Long || o instanceof Double || o instanceof Float) {
cell.setCellType(CellType.NUMERIC);
cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(o.toString()));
return CELL_OTHER;
}
// 是否为Boolean
if (o instanceof Boolean) {
cell.setCellType(CellType.BOOLEAN);
cell.setCellValue((Boolean) o);
return CELL_OTHER;
}
// 如果是BigDecimal,则默认3位小数
if (o instanceof BigDecimal) {
cell.setCellType(CellType.NUMERIC);
cell.setCellValue(((BigDecimal) o).setScale(3, RoundingMode.HALF_UP).doubleValue());
return CELL_OTHER;
}
// 如果是Date数据,则显示格式化数据
if (o instanceof Date) {
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
cell.setCellValue(formatDate((Date) o));
return CELL_OTHER;
}
// 如果是其他,则默认字符串类型
cell.setCellType(CellType.STRING);
cell.setCellValue(o.toString());
return CELL_OTHER;
}
private static void setCellPicture(SXSSFWorkbook wb, Row sr, Drawing<?> patriarch, int x, int y, URL url) {
// 设置图片宽高
sr.setHeight((short) (IMG_WIDTH * IMG_HEIGHT));
// (jdk1.7版本try中定义流可自动关闭)
try (InputStream is = url.openStream(); ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
byte[] buff = new byte[BYTES_DEFAULT_LENGTH];
int rc;
while ((rc = is.read(buff, 0, BYTES_DEFAULT_LENGTH)) > 0) {
outputStream.write(buff, 0, rc);
}
// 设置图片位置
XSSFClientAnchor anchor = new XSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, y, x, y + 1, x + 1);
// 设置这个,图片会自动填满单元格的长宽
anchor.setAnchorType(AnchorType.MOVE_AND_RESIZE);
patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(outputStream.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static String formatDate(Date date) {
if (date == null) {
return "";
}
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(DATE_FORMAT);
return format.format(date);
}
private static void setSelect(Sheet sheet, Map<Integer, List<String>> selectMap) {
if (selectMap == null || selectMap.isEmpty()) {
return;
}
Set<Entry<Integer, List<String>>> entrySet = selectMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<Integer, List<String>> entry : entrySet) {
int y = entry.getKey();
List<String> list = entry.getValue();
if (list == null || list.isEmpty()) {
continue;
}
String[] arr = new String[list.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
arr[i] = list.get(i);
}
DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(1, 65000, y, y);
DataValidationConstraint dvc = helper.createExplicitListConstraint(arr);
DataValidation dv = helper.createValidation(dvc, addressList);
if (dv instanceof HSSFDataValidation) {
dv.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
} else {
dv.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
dv.setShowErrorBox(true);
}
sheet.addValidationData(dv);
}
}
private static boolean isNumeric(String str) {
if (Objects.nonNull(str) && "0.0".equals(str)) {
return true;
}
for (int i = str.length(); --i >= 0; ) {
if (!Character.isDigit(str.charAt(i))) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
private static String getString(String s) {
if (s == null) {
return "";
}
if (s.isEmpty()) {
return s;
}
return s.trim();
}
}
二、实现步骤
1、前端代码
template里面的代码
<el-button type="info" plain @click="downloadConcern()" >导出</el-button>
<el-upload action="http://localhost:8080/wedu/recording/recording/imports"
:headers="tokenInfo"
style="display: inline-block;margin-left: 10px"
:show-file-list="false"
:on-success="importExcel">
<el-button type="success" round>导入</el-button>
</el-upload>
<el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-download" @click="downloadTemplate" style="display: inline-block;margin-left: 10px">下载模板</el-button>
script里面的代码
return {
tokenInfo: {
token: this.$cookie.get("token"), // token值 上传请求的头部信息
}
}
methods: {
importExcel(data){
if(data && data.code === 0){
this.$message({
message: '导入成功',
type: 'success',
duration: 1500,
onClose: () => {
this.getDataList(); // 数据导入成功后,在消息关闭时重新获取数据列表
}
});
} else {
this.$message.error(data.msg);
}
},
/* 导出功能 */
downloadConcern() {
this.$http({
url: this.$http.adornUrl(`/recording/recording/exports`),
method: "get",
responseType: 'blob' // 告诉浏览器响应是一个二进制文件
}).then(response => {
if (response.data) {
const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([response.data]));
const link = document.createElement('a');
link.href = url;
link.setAttribute('download', '保养记录表.xlsx'); // 设置下载的文件名
document.body.appendChild(link);
link.click();
// 清理
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
document.body.removeChild(link);
this.$message({
message: "导出成功",
type: "success",
});
}
}).catch(error => {
console.error('下载失败:', error);
// 处理错误
});
},
downloadTemplate() {
const self = this;
this.$http({
method: 'get',
url: 'http://localhost:8080/wedu/recording/recording/downloadt', // 替换为你的模板下载API端点
responseType: 'blob',
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8',
}
}).then((response) => {
if (response.status === 200) {
let blob = new Blob([response.data], {type: 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet'});
let url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
let a = document.createElement('a');
a.href = url;
a.download = '保养记录管理模板.xlsx';
a.click();
window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url); // 释放URL 对象
} else {
self.$message({
type: 'error',
message: "模板下载失败!"
});
}
}).catch((error) => {
console.error(error);
self.$message({
type: 'error',
message: "模板下载失败!"
});
});
},
}
2、后端代码
/*
* 数据导出
* */
@GetMapping("/exports")
public void export(HttpServletResponse response) {
List<Recording> list = recordingService.list();
Map<Integer,List<String>>selectMap= new HashMap<>(1);
selectMap.put(3,Arrays.asList("已保养"));
// 导出数据
ExcelUtils.export(response,"保养记录表",list,Recording.class,selectMap);
}
/*
* 数据导入
* */
@PostMapping("/imports")
public R importUser(@RequestPart("file")MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
List<Recording> users = ExcelUtils.readMultipartFile(file, Recording.class);
try {
//把reader写入数据库
recordingService.saveBatch(users);
}catch (Exception e){
return R.error("数据导入出错");
}
return R.ok();
}
/*下载模板*/
@GetMapping("/downloadt")
public void expor(HttpServletResponse respons) {
ExcelUtils.exportTemplate(respons,"保养记录管理模板",Recording.class,true);
}
R是封装好的工具类,用于返回信息,下面是代码
package com.wedu.common.utils;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 返回数据
*
* @author wedu
*/
public class R extends HashMap<String, Object> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public R() {
put("code", 0);
put("msg", "success");
}
public static R error() {
return error(HttpStatus.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "未知异常,请联系管理员");
}
public static R error(String msg) {
return error(HttpStatus.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, msg);
}
public static R error(int code, String msg) {
R r = new R();
r.put("code", code);
r.put("msg", msg);
return r;
}
public static R ok(String msg) {
R r = new R();
r.put("msg", msg);
return r;
}
public static R ok(Map<String, Object> map) {
R r = new R();
r.putAll(map);
return r;
}
public static R ok() {
return new R();
}
@Override
public R put(String key, Object value) {
super.put(key, value);
return this;
}
}
实体类
package com.wedu.modules.chejian.entity;
import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelIgnore;
import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableField;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.wedu.modules.chejian.util.ExcelExport;
import com.wedu.modules.chejian.util.ExcelImport;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 保养记录表
* @TableName recording
*/
@TableName(value ="recording")
@Data
public class Recording implements Serializable {
/**
* 主键
*/
@ExcelImport(value = "主键ID")
// @ExcelExport(value = "主键ID")
@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
private Integer id;
/**
* 台账表ID
*/
@ExcelExport(value = "台账ID",kv = "1-仪表机床;8-屏幕机;52-函数发生器;53-蓬垫;58-测试1",example = "屏幕机")
@ExcelImport(value = "台账ID",kv = "1-仪表机床;8-屏幕机;52-函数发生器;53-蓬垫;58-测试1")
@ExcelProperty(value = "台账ID")
private Integer ledgerId;
/**
*用户主键
*/
@ExcelImport(value = "用户ID",kv = "1-admin;3-1710188033;5-lhl;6-kk;7-linli")
@ExcelExport(value = "用户ID",kv = "1-admin;3-1710188033;5-lhl;6-kk;7-linli",example = "admin")
@ExcelProperty(value = "用户ID")
private Long userId;
/**
* 维护保养日期
*/
@ExcelImport(value = "保养日期")
@ExcelExport(value = "保养日期",example = "2024-07-22 11:02:45")
@ExcelProperty(value = "保养日期")
private Date maintenance;
/**
* 保养状态
*/
@ExcelImport(value = "保养状态",kv = "2-已保养")
@ExcelExport(value = "保养状态",kv = "2-已保养",example = "已保养")
@ExcelProperty(value = "保养状态")
private Integer status;
// 用户名
@ExcelIgnore
@TableField(exist = false)
private String username;
@TableField(exist = false)
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
}
三、实现效果
1、数据导出
导出数据, 在数据库中台账ID、用户ID、保养状态我们存的都是数字,导出时需要显示对应的中文,我们可以通过设置@ExcelExport注解中的kv值。以下面的保养状态为例
@ExcelExport(value = "保养状态",kv = "2-已保养")
当我们数据库中保养状态字段存的值是2(用2来表示状态是以保养,类似的也可以表示性别)那么我们导出数据时会根据实体类中的字段映射出我们需要显示的中文。kv的值可以有多条,我们需要用分号分开即可,
@ExcelExport(value = "性别",kv = "1-男;2-女")
2、下载模板
下载模板,我们需要在模板中设置一条数据让用户知道该填什么信息。
@ExcelExport(value = "保养日期",example = "2024-07-22 11:02:45")
我们通过设置@ExcelExport注解中的example值来实现。
3、数据导入
导入Excel的数据,我们通过在Excel模板中填入相应的数据,这里我们填的不是代表的数字而是中文,通过@ExcelImport设置kv的值,在导入时会自动映射我们进行转换,真正存储到数据库的值是数字。
@ExcelImport(value = "保养状态",kv = "2-已保养")
导入时如何日期为空或者错误可能是Excel表中的日期格式有问题,我们只需要在Excel日期那里设置单元格格式重新设置成文本即可。
到这里就已经结束了,有错误请多多指教。