第1步 pom 依赖(明白每个jar包属于哪个框架,作用是什么就行了,不用自己写)
<!-- spring 依赖, 已经间接依赖的 spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 已经间接依赖了 spring-tx -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json 转换 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis 整合 spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.48</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- JDK高于8需要加入 高版本 jdk 需要它@PostConstruct @PreDestroy -->
<!--
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
-->
<!-- tomcat 插件 -->
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>8080</port>
<path>/</path>
<uriEncoding>utf-8</uriEncoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
第2步 编写 applicationContext.xml(spring.xml) 配置文件
-
配置数据源 (连接池)(dataSource)
-
mybatis (sqlSessionFactory, 扫描 mapper)
-
service 的扫描
-
事务管理(transacationManager, 事务注解驱动)
#连接数据库的信息,内部信息根据自己数据库信息更改 jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///db1?useSSL=false&useServerPrepStmts=true jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=1234
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 让spring 每次执行sql脚本,将sql环境设置为初始状态
注意:只用于测试环境
-->
<!--
<jdbc:initialize-database>
<jdbc:scriptlocation="classpath:db.sql"/>
</jdbc:initialize-database>
-->
<!-- 1.数据源配置 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!-- destroy-method="close"销毁方法,建议配置 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!-- 2. mybatis -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描mapper -->
<bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.whguanggu.mapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3. 扫描 service-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.whguanggu.service"/>
<!-- 4. 配置事务 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!-- 注意尾 /tx -->
<tx:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
第3步 编写 springmvc.xml 配置文件
-
controller 的扫描
-
mvc 的注解驱动
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 1. 扫描 controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller"/>
<!-- 2. mvc 注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 3. 如果是 jsp 开发,需要配置视图解析器 -->
<!--<mvc:view-resolvers>
<mvc:jsp prefix="前缀" suffix=".jsp"/>
</mvc:view-resolvers>-->
<!-- 4. 拦截器 -->
<!--<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/拦截路径"/>
<ref bean="拦截器 bean id"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>-->
</beans>
第4步 编写 web.xml 配置文件
-
DispatcherServlet 创建 springmvc 容器
-
ContextLoaderListener 创建 applicationContext(spring)容器
-
字符编码过滤器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<!-- 1. 配置 springmvc 容器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 2. 配置监听器,作用创建 applicationContext spring 容器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 用来指定 spring 配置文件的路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 3. 字符编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
第5步编写代码
顺序:domain -> mapper -> service -> controller
domain
public class Role {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Date createTime;
private Date updateTime;
// ...
}
mapper 接口(增删改查)
public interface RoleMapper {
// 查询所有角色
public List<Role> findAll();
// 新增角色
public void save(Role role);
}
mapper xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- 接口的包名和类名 -->
<mapper namespace="com.itheima.mapper.RoleMapper">
<!-- 查询方法 -->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="RoleMap">
select * from spring_role
</select>
<resultMap id="RoleMap" type="com.itheima.domain.Role">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="name" column="name"/>
<result property="createTime" column="create_time"/>
<result property="updateTime" column="update_time"/>
</resultMap>
<!-- useGeneratedKeys 是否使用数据库自动生成的主键
keyProperty 说主键属性是哪个?
-->
<insert id="save" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.Role" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
insert into spring_role values(null, #{name}, #{createTime}, #{updateTime})
</insert>
</mapper>
service
@Service
public class RoleService {
@Autowired
private RoleMapper roleMapper;
public List<Role> findAll() {
return roleMapper.findAll();
}
@Transactional
public void save(Role role) {
roleMapper.save(role);
}
}
controller
@RestController
public class RoleController {
@Autowired
private RoleService roleService;
@GetMapping("/roles")
public Result findAll() {
List<Role> list = roleService.findAll();
Result result = new Result();
result.setData(list);
result.setMsg("查询所有角色成功");
int i = 1 / 0;
return result;
}
@PostMapping("/roles")
public Result save(@RequestBody Role role) { // json
Date now = new Date();
role.setCreateTime(now);
role.setUpdateTime(now);
roleService.save(role);
Result result = new Result();
result.setMsg("添加角色成功");
return result;
}
}
统一结果
public class Result {
private String msg; // 信息
private int code; // 错误码
private Object data; // 数据
// ...
}
统一异常处理
@RestControllerAdvice// @ControllerAdvice + @ResponseBody
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
@ExceptionHandler
public Result handle(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Result result = new Result();
result.setCode(999);
result.setMsg(e.getMessage());
return result;
}
}
maven 继承(*)
属性继承
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
强制依赖继承
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
可选依赖继承
父模块
<!-- 可选依赖继承(意义在于用父模块统一管理了版本) -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
子模块
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
排除依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.7.1</version>
<!-- 用来排除一些间接依赖 -->
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.yaml</groupId>
<artifactId>snakeyaml</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
插件
测试插件
跳过测试
-
方法1: 点击 idea 中 maven 闪电按钮(底层加了 -DskipTests=true)
-
方法2:通过插件配置
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.12.4</version>
<configuration>
<!--<includes>**/TestM*.java</includes> 包含的测试类-->
<excludes>**/TestM*.java</excludes> <!-- 排除的测试类 -->
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
资源插件
作用1:
<properties>
<!-- 拷贝资源时的字符编码 -->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
作用2:做占位符的替换
<properties>
<host>www.baidu.com</host>
</properties>
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<!-- 表示 src/main/resources 下所有资源时,执行 ${} 占位符的替换操作 -->
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
用自定义标签的值,替换掉 ${host} 占位符