Java8函数式编程 Lambda表达式 Stream流 代码优化 代码重构

声明三个实体类

专辑实体类：Album

@Data
//专辑  若干曲目构成
public class Album {
    private String name;  //专辑名
    private List<Track> tracks;  //专辑中所有曲目的列表
    private List<Artist> artists;  //参与创作本专辑的艺术家列表
    private Stream<Artist> musicians;
}

创作者实体类：Artist

@Data
//创作音乐的个人或团队
public class Artist {
    private String name;     //艺术家名字
    private String member;    //乐队成员
    private String origin;    //乐队来自哪里
}

专辑中的代表作实体类：Track

@Data
//专辑中的一支曲目
public class Track {
    private String name;   //曲目名称
}

对实体类进行初始化

List<Artist>allArtist = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            Artist artist = new Artist();
            artist.setName("张"+i+"乐队");
            artist.setMember("张"+i+"、z"+i+"、章"+i);
            artist.setOrigin("London"+i);
            allArtist.add(artist);
        }
        Artist artist = new Artist();
        artist.setName("李四最牛逼的乐队");
        artist.setMember("自己一个");
        artist.setOrigin("China");
        allArtist.add(artist);
       

 List<Track> trackList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            Track track = new Track();
            track.setName("断桥"+i);
            trackList.add(track);
        }

 List<Album> albumList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            Album album = new Album();
            album.setName("自由式"+i);
            album.setMusicians(allArtist.stream());
            album.setArtists(allArtist);
            album.setTracks(trackList);
            albumList.add(album);
        }
 System.out.println("allArtist"+allArtist);
 System.out.println("------------------");
 System.out.println("trackList"+trackList);
 System.out.println("------------------");
 System.out.println("album"+albumList);
 System.out.println("------------------");

需求：根据一组专辑album找出以"2"为结尾的曲目track

原始代码：双重for循环和if语句进行筛选↓↓↓

//    原始代码 遗留代码
    public static Set<String> findLongTracks(List<Album> albums) {
        Set<String> trackNames = new HashSet<>();
        for (Album album : albums){
            for(Track track : album.getTracks()){
                if(track.getName().endsWith("2")){
                    String name = track.getName();
                    trackNames.add(name);
                }
            }
        }
        return trackNames;
    }

 

 初步优化：代码重构1  初步使用流

//    代码重构1：初步使用流
    public static Set<String> findLongTracks(List<Album> albums) {
        Set<String> trackNames = new HashSet<>();
        albums.stream()
                .forEach(album -> album.getTracks()
                .forEach(track ->{
                    if(track.getName().endsWith("2")){
                        String name = track.getName();
                        trackNames.add(name);
                    }
                }));
        return trackNames;
    }

再优化： 代码重构2 流操作替换内层循环

//    代码重构2：流操作替换内层循环
    public static Set<String> findLongTracks(List<Album> albums){
        Set<String> trackNames = new HashSet<>();
        albums.forEach(album -> {
                    album.getTracks()
                            .stream().filter(track -> track.getName().endsWith("2"))
                            .map(track -> track.getName() + "-" + track.getClass())
                            .forEach(trackNames::add);
                });
        return trackNames;
    }

进一步优化：代码重构3  使用flatMap将多个流合并并返回，同时将forEach替换为flatMap

 public static Set<String> findLongTracks(List<Album> albums) {
        Set<String> trackNames = new HashSet<>();
        albums.stream()
                .flatMap(album -> album.getTracks().stream())
                .filter(track -> track.getName().endsWith("2"))
                .map(Track::getName)
                .forEach(trackNames ::add);
        return trackNames;
        }

深度优化：代码重构4  完全使用流操作  将最后的forEach方法替换成collect(toSet())

public static Set<String> findLongTracks(List<Album> albums) {
        return albums.stream()
                .flatMap(album -> album.getTracks().stream())
                .filter(track -> track.getName().endsWith("2"))
                .map(Track::getName)
                .collect(toSet());
    }

创建Test执行类执行上述代码 

System.out.println("以2为结尾的Track名为" + findLongTracks(albumList));

结果均为：

 由此可见经过一系列代码重构让代码更符合流的风格，提高了代码的可读性。

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