Java Web day15

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-22 15:54:54 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-22 15:54:54 发布

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分类专栏：笔记文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_55689272/article/details/122508808

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第十二章文件上传和下载

一、如何实现文件上传

要实现Web开发中的文件上传功能，通常需要完成两步操作：一.是在Web页面中添加上传输入项；二是在Servlet中读取上传文件的数据，并保存到本地硬盘中。
需要使用一个Apache组织提供一个开源组件Commons-FileUpload，在使用这个组件的时候，要导入：
在这里插入图片描述

1.1创建项目、导入JAR包

在Eclipse中创建一个名称为chapter12的web项目，在项目的WEB-INF/lib目录下导入JAR包（如下图红框勾选），并发布到类的路径下。
在这里插入图片描述

1.2 上传界面

在webcontent下面创建form.jsp,代码如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
                            "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body>
 	<form action="UploadServlet" method="post"   enctype="multipart/form-data">
 		<table width="600px">
 			<tr>
 				<td>上传者</td>
 				<td><input type="text" name="username" /></td>
 			</tr>
 			<tr>
 				<td>上传文件</td>
 				<td><input type="file" name="myfile" /></td>
 			</tr>
 			<tr>
 				<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="上传" /></td>
 			</tr>
 		</table>
 	</form>
</body>
</html>

1.3 创建Servlet

在src中创建cn.itcast.fileupload包，在这个包下面创建一个UploadServlet类，代码如下：

package cn.itcast.fileupload;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class UploadServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/UploadServlet")
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		try {
			response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
			
			DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
			
			File f = new File("e:\\Temp");
			if(!f.exists()) {
				f.mkdirs();
			}
			
			factory.setRepository(f);
			factory.setSizeThreshold(1024*1024);
			
			ServletFileUpload fileupload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
			fileupload.setHeaderEncoding("utf-8");
			List<FileItem> fileitems= fileupload.parseRequest(request);
			
			for(FileItem fileitem:fileitems) {
				boolean flag = fileitem.isFormField();
				if(flag) {
					String name = fileitem.getFieldName();
					if(name.equals("username")) {
						if(!fileitem.getString().equals("")) {
							String value = fileitem.getString("utf-8");
							
							response.getWriter().print("上传者："+value+"<br/>");
						}
					}
				}else {
					String filename = fileitem.getName();
					if(filename!=null && !filename.equals("")) {
						response.getWriter().print("上传文件名称："+filename+"<br/>");
						filename = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
						
						filename = UUID.randomUUID().toString()+"_"+filename;
						
						String webPath="/upload2005/";
						
						String filepath = getServletContext().getRealPath(webPath+filename);
						
						File file = new File(filepath);
						file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
						file.createNewFile();
						
						InputStream in = fileitem.getInputStream();
						FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
						
						byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
						int len=0;
						while((len=in.read(buffer))>0) {
							out.write(buffer,0,len);
						}
						
						in.close();
						out.close();
						
						fileitem.delete();
						response.getWriter().print("文件上传成功"+"<br/>");
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (FileUploadException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
		
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

二、文件下载

2.1 创建下载界面

创建fownload.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@page import="java.net.URLEncoder"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 
                            "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>文件下载</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/chap12/DownloadServlet?filename=1.jpg">文件下载-不是中文</a>

</body>
</html>

2.2 创建Servlet

package cn.itcast.fileupload;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class DownloadServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/DownloadServlet")
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
		filename = new String (filename.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

本次主要做了文件的上传和下载，在实现文件上传时，使用了Apache组织提供的Commons-FileUpload组件，该组件提供了文件上传的相关接口和类。文件下载功能是通过设置HTTP响应消息头和IO流的方式实现的。通过本次的学习，我们了解到如何实现文件的上传和下载，熟悉掌握FileUpload组件。

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