C++封装顺序表

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前言

前几期讲过类，构造函数，运算符重载，这一期就利用这三块的知识做一期简单的应用，用C++封装顺序表。

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一、顺序表是什么？

如图所示，在内存中的一块连续的空间
这种内存布局非常像数组，因此也被成为动态数组

在C++标椎模板库中有一个顺序表vector容器，我们要做的就是封装一个丐版的vector容器

二、需求分析

1.定义Myvector类，和内部接口

2.初始化、销毁、深拷贝

3.自动扩容

4.增删查改

5.获取大小和容量

6.用 [ 索引 ] 访问数据

三、具体实现

1.定义Myvector类，和内部接口

template<typename Type>
class Myvector
{
protected:
	Type* data;
	int _size;  //容器元素个数
	int _capacity;//容量
public:
	/*所有接口*/
	Myvector();//初始化
	Myvector(Myvector& vec);//拷贝构造
	~Myvector();//容器销毁，内存回收
	void EnlargedCapacity();//扩容
	Myvector& pushback(Type data);//尾插
	Myvector& pushfront(Type data);//头插
	Myvector& popback();//尾删
	Myvector& popfront();//头删
	int size();//获取元素个数
	int capacity();//获取容量大小
	Type operator[](Type indexes);// [] 运算符重载，可用索引访问数据
	Myvector& operator=(Myvector& vec);// = 运算符重载，拷贝赋值；
};

2.初始化、销毁、深拷贝

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>::Myvector()//初始化
{
	_size = 0;
	_capacity = 4;
	data = new Type[_capacity];
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>::Myvector(Myvector<Type>& vec)//拷贝构造
{
	this->data = new Type[vec._size];
	memcpy(this->data, vec.data, _size * sizeof(Type));
	this->_capacity = vec._capacity;
	this->_size = vec._size;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::operator=(Myvector& vec)// = 运算符重载，拷贝赋值；
{
	this->data = new Type[vec._size];
	memcpy(this->data, vec.data, _size * sizeof(Type));
	this->_capacity = vec._capacity;
	this->_size = vec._size;
	return *this;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>::~Myvector()//释放内存
{
	delete[] data;
	data = NULL;
	_size = 0;
	_capacity = 0;
}

3.自动扩容

template<typename Type>
void Myvector<Type>::EnlargedCapacity()
{
	if (_size >= _capacity)
	{
		_capacity *= 2;
		int* p = new Type[_capacity];
		memcpy(p, data, _size * sizeof(Type));
		delete[] data;
		data = p;
		p = nullptr;
	}
}

4.增删查改

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::pushback(Type data)//尾插
{
	EnlargedCapacity();
	this->data[_size] = data;
	_size++;
	return *this;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::popback()//尾删
{
	_size--;
	return *this;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::pushfront(Type data)//头插
{
	EnlargedCapacity();
	for (int i = 0; i < _size; i++)
		this->data[_size - i] = this->data[_size - i - 1];
	this->data[0] = data;
	return *this;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::popfront()//头删
{
	_size--;
	for (int i = 0; i < _size; i++)
		this->data[i] = this->data[i + 1];
	return *this;
}

5.获取大小和容量

template<typename Type>
int Myvector<Type>::size()//获取元素个数
{
	return this->_size;
}

template<typename Type>
int Myvector<Type>::capacity()//获取容量
{
	return this->_capacity;
}

6.用 [ 索引 ] 访问数据

template<typename Type>
Type Myvector<Type>::operator[](Type indexes)// [] 运算符重载，可用索引访问数据
{
	return this->data[indexes];
}

全部代码：

#include<iostream>

template<typename Type>
class Myvector
{
protected:
	Type* data;
	int _size;  //容器元素个数
	int _capacity;//容量
public:
	/*所有接口*/
	Myvector();//初始化
	Myvector(Myvector& vec);//拷贝构造
	~Myvector();//容器销毁，内存回收
	void EnlargedCapacity();//扩容
	Myvector& pushback(Type data);//尾插
	Myvector& pushfront(Type data);//头插
	Myvector& popback();//尾删
	Myvector& popfront();//头删
	int size();//获取元素个数
	int capacity();//获取容量大小
	Type operator[](Type indexes);// [] 运算符重载，可用索引访问数据
	Myvector& operator=(Myvector& vec);// = 运算符重载，拷贝赋值；
};

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>::Myvector()
{
	_size = 0;
	_capacity = 4;
	data = new Type[_capacity];
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>::Myvector(Myvector<Type>& vec)//拷贝构造
{
	this->data = new Type[vec._size];
	memcpy(this->data, vec.data, _size * sizeof(Type));
	this->_capacity = vec._capacity;
	this->_size = vec._size;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::operator=(Myvector& vec)// = 运算符重载，拷贝赋值；
{
	this->data = new Type[vec._size];
	memcpy(this->data, vec.data, _size * sizeof(Type));
	this->_capacity = vec._capacity;
	this->_size = vec._size;
	return *this;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>::~Myvector()
{
	delete[] data;
	data = NULL;
	_size = 0;
	_capacity = 0;
}

template<typename Type>
void Myvector<Type>::EnlargedCapacity()
{
	if (_size >= _capacity)
	{
		_capacity *= 2;
		int* p = new Type[_capacity];
		memcpy(p, data, _size * sizeof(Type));
		delete[] data;
		data = p;
		p = nullptr;
	}
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::pushback(Type data)//尾插
{
	EnlargedCapacity();
	this->data[_size] = data;
	_size++;
	return *this;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::popback()//尾删
{
	_size--;
	return *this;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::pushfront(Type data)//头插
{
	EnlargedCapacity();
	for (int i = 0; i < _size; i++)
		this->data[_size - i] = this->data[_size - i - 1];
	this->data[0] = data;
	return *this;
}

template<typename Type>
Myvector<Type>& Myvector<Type>::popfront()//头删
{
	_size--;
	for (int i = 0; i < _size; i++)
		this->data[i] = this->data[i + 1];
	return *this;
}

template<typename Type>
int Myvector<Type>::size()//获取元素个数
{
	return this->_size;
}

template<typename Type>
int Myvector<Type>::capacity()//获取容量
{
	return this->_capacity;
}

template<typename Type>
Type Myvector<Type>::operator[](Type indexes)// [] 运算符重载，可用索引访问数据
{
	return this->data[indexes];
}

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