SpringMVC的拦截器
1.1、拦截器的作用
SpringMVC的拦截器类似于Servlet开发中的过滤器Filter,用于对处理器进行预处理和后处理
拦截器将按一定的顺序结成一条链,这条链成为拦截器,在访问被拦截的方法或字段时,拦截器链中的拦截器就会按之前定义的顺序被调用。拦截也是AOP的思想的体现
1.2、拦截器和过滤器的区别
1.3、拦截器的快速入门
自定义拦截器只有三步:
1、创建拦截器类实现HanderInterceptor接口
2、配置拦截器
3、测试拦截器的效果
创建个名称为MyInterceptor文件(给个小窍门:接了接口后,第一个方法打pre即可跳出所需要的方法,然后把false改为true;第二个方法打post;第三个打aft)
package com.atguigu.mvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//在目标方法执行前执行
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("preHandle...");
return true;//返回false表示不放行,返回true代表放行
}
//在目标方法执行之后 视图对象返回之前执行
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("postHandle....");
}
//在流程都执行完毕之后执行
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("afterCompletion....");
}
}
配置SpringMVC文件
<!--配置拦截器-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!--对那些资源执行拦截操作-->
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.atguigu.mvc.MyInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
@RequestMapping("/quick20")
public ModelAndView save4(){
System.out.println("目标资源正在执行...");
ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView();
modelAndView.addObject("username","Hello");
modelAndView.setViewName("index");
return modelAndView;
}
1.4、详解
package com.atguigu.mvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//在目标方法执行前执行
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("preHandle...");
String param = request.getParameter("param");
if("yes".equals(param)){
return true;
}else{
request.getRequestDispatcher("/error.jsp").forward(request,response);
return false;
}
}
//在目标方法执行之后 视图对象返回之前执行
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
modelAndView.addObject("name","itheiam");
System.out.println("postHandle....");
}
//在流程都执行完毕之后执行
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("afterCompletion....");
}
}
在webapp包里创建个error.jsp文件
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>error</h1>
</body>
</html>
运行,网址后加?param=yes才会打印,否则页面显示error
PS:如果想拦截多个,则配置SpringMVC时可以copy下上面的配置,再粘贴,把文件名改为目标文件名即可