LeetCode热题100-第五题

题目:11. 盛最多水的容器 - 力扣(LeetCode)

给定一个长度为 n 的整数数组 height 。有 n 条垂线,第 i 条线的两个端点是 (i, 0) 和 (i, height[i]) 。

找出其中的两条线,使得它们与 x 轴共同构成的容器可以容纳最多的水。

返回容器可以储存的最大水量。

说明:你不能倾斜容器。

示例 1:

输入:[1,8,6,2,5,4,8,3,7]
输出:49 
解释:图中垂直线代表输入数组 [1,8,6,2,5,4,8,3,7]。在此情况下,容器能够容纳水(表示为蓝色部分)的最大值为 49。

示例 2:

输入:height = [1,1]
输出:1

提示:

  • n == height.length
  • 2<=n<=10^{5}
  • 0 <= height[i] <= 10^{4}

 分析使用了双指针策略,一个指针从数组的开始出发,另一个指针从数组的末尾出发。在每一步中,计算两个指针指向的线段形成的面积,并根据两个线段的高度决定移动哪个指针。移动较短线段的指针,因为较短线段限制了可能的最大面积,而移动较长的指针不会增加面积。这个过程一直持续到两个指针相遇,此时所有的可能面积都已经计算过,最大面积也就找到了

C++代码如下:

class Solution {
public:
    // maxArea函数计算最大可以盛放的水量
    int maxArea(vector<int>& height) {
        int left = 0;           // 初始化左指针在数组的起始位置
        int right = height.size()-1; // 初始化右指针在数组的末尾位置
        int res = 0;            // 初始化最大面积结果为0
        while(left<right)       // 当左指针小于右指针时,继续循环
        {
            // 计算当前左右指针指向的线段和x轴形成的面积,并与之前的最大面积比较,取较大值
            res = max(res,min(height[left],height[right])*(right-left));
            // 如果左指针指向的线段高度小于右指针指向的线段高度,移动左指针
            if(height[left]<height[right])
            {
                left++;
            }
            else
            {
                // 否则,移动右指针
                right--;
            }
        }
        // 返回计算得到的最大面积
        return res;
    }
};

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