2_vim基础操作,打包解包

本文详细介绍了Vim编辑器的基础操作,包括插入、删除、复制、粘贴等,并讲解了如何在命令模式下进行文本替换。此外,还展示了如何打包和解包文件,如使用gzip进行压缩和解压缩。通过本文,读者可以快速掌握Vim的基本使用技巧及文件管理方法。
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2_vim基础操作,打包解包


1.vim基础操作

vim命令模式中:
i 光标前面插入
a 后面
I 行头插入
A 行末
o 在下一行插入
O 上一行
ndd 删除n行
nyy 复制n行
p 粘贴
u 撤销
Ctrl+r 恢复一次撤销
替换 :①r 替换一个字符(命令模式,r,再按要替换的新的字符) ②R 一直替换,按esc结束
cc 清除一行数据
C 从光标所在位置清除到行末
x 删除一个字符
gg 光标移动到第一行
G 光标移动到末尾

:set nu 设置行号
:set nonu 取消
:n 光标跳转到第n行

/root 查找root,再按n,跳转到下一个root
?root 再按n,从后往前
:set hlsearch 搜索高亮
:set nohlsearch 取消搜索高亮
:1,50 s/hello/AAA/g 将两个行之间的hello全都替换成AAA
:1,50 s/hello/AAA 将两个行之间的每一行第一个hello替换成AAA

2.打包和解包

举个例子 :
将文件main.c和passwd一起打包,后解包。

在这里插入图片描述
(c创建、v显示过程、gzip压缩、z解压、x释放)

vim中~/.vim 插件打包 ./vimrc文件内容为 "允许鼠标的使用,防止linux终端下无法拷贝 if has('mouse') set mouse=a endif au GUIEnter * simalt ~x "字体的设置 set guifont=Bitstream_Vera_Sans_Mono:h9:cANSI "记住空格用下划线代替哦 set gfw=幼圆:h10:cGB2312 syn on "语法支持 syntax enable colorscheme desert filetype plugin on filetype indent on set nocompatible set history=5000 set autoread set mouse=a "common conf {{ 通用配置 set ai "自动缩进 set bs=2 "在insert模式下用退格键删除 set showmatch "代码匹配 set laststatus=2 "总是显示状态行 set expandtab "以下三个配置配合使用,设置tab和缩进空格数 set shiftwidth=4 set tabstop=4 "set cursorline "为光标所在行加下划线 set number "显示行号 set autoread "文件在Vim之外修改过,自动重新读入 set ignorecase "检索时忽略大小写 "set encoding=utf-8 fileencoding=utf-8 fileencodings=utf-8,latin1,ucs-bom,gb2312,gb18030,cp936,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr set fileencodings=utf-8,gb2312,gbk,gb18030,latin1,usc-bom,cp936,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr set termencoding=utf-8 set encoding=utf-8 set hls "检索时高亮显示匹配项 "set foldmethod=syntax "代码折叠 "}} "conf for plugins {{ 插件相关的配置 "状态栏的配置 "powerline{ set guifont=PowerlineSymbols\ for\ Powerline set nocompatible set t_Co=256 let g:Powerline_symbols = 'fancy' "} "pathogen是Vim用来管理插件的插件 "pathogen{ call pathogen#infect() "} "winmanager{ let g:winManagerWindowLayout='FileExplorer|TagList' "} "minibuffer{ let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavVim = 1 "} "grep " "omnicppcomplete { set tags=tags; "智能补全ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q let OmniCpp_NamespaceSearch = 1 let OmniCpp_GlobalScopeSearch = 1 let OmniCpp_ShowAccess = 1 let OmniCpp_ShowPrototypeInAbbr = 1 " 显示函数参数列表 let OmniCpp_MayCompleteDot = 1 " 输入 . 后自动补全 let OmniCpp_MayCompleteArrow = 1 " 输入 -> 后自动补全 let OmniCpp_MayCompleteScope = 1 " 输入 :: 后自动补全 let OmniCpp_DefaultNamespaces = ["std", "_GLIBCXX_STD"] " 自动关闭补全窗口 au CursorMovedI,InsertLeave * if pumvisible() == 0|silent! pclose|endif set completeopt=menuone,menu,longest set nocp "} "}} nmap <F2> :WMToggle<CR> "窗口间切换 nmap <F3> :Dox<CR> nmap <F4> :bn<CR> nmap <F5> :only<CR> nmap <F6> :close<CR> nmap <F7> :AV<CR> nmap <F8> :!make<CR> nmap <F12> :!tags<CR> let g:template_autoload = 1 let g:bufExplorerMaxHeight=30 let g:miniBufExplorerMoreThanOne=0 let mapleader = "," let g:mapleader = "," map <leader>1 =a{ nmap <leader>1 =a{ nmap<C-c> "+yy nmap<C-v> "+p """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " CSCOPE settings for vim """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " " This file contains some boilerplate settings for vim's cscope interface, " plus some keyboard mappings that I've found useful. " " USAGE: " -- vim 6: Stick this file in your ~/.vim/plugin directory (or in a " 'plugin' directory in some other directory that is in your " 'runtimepath'. " " -- vim 5: Stick this file somewhere and 'source cscope.vim' it from " your ~/.vimrc file (or cut and paste it into your .vimrc). " " NOTE: " These key maps use multiple keystrokes (2 or 3 keys). If you find that vim " keeps timing you out before you can complete them, try changing your timeout " settings, as explained below. " " Happy cscoping, " " Jason Duell jduell@alumni.princeton.edu 2002/3/7 """""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " This tests to see if vim was configured with the '--enable-cscope' option " when it was compiled. If it wasn't, time to recompile vim... if has("cscope") """"""""""""" Standard cscope/vim boilerplate "set csprg=/usr/local/bin/cscope " use both cscope and ctag for 'ctrl-]', ':ta', and 'vim -t' set cscopetag " check cscope for definition of a symbol before checking ctags: set to 1 " if you want the reverse search order. set csto=0 " add any cscope database in current directory if filereadable("cscope.out") cs add cscope.out " else add the database pointed to by environment variable elseif $CSCOPE_DB != "" cs add $CSCOPE_DB else let cscope_file=findfile("cscope.out", ".;") let cscope_pre=matchstr(cscope_file, ".*/") if !empty(cscope_file) && filereadable(cscope_file) exe "cs add" cscope_file cscope_pre endif endif " show msg when any other cscope db added set cscopeverbose """"""""""""" My cscope/vim key mappings " " The following maps all invoke one of the following cscope search types: " " 's' symbol: find all references to the token under cursor " 'g' global: find global definition(s) of the token under cursor " 'c' calls: find all calls to the function name under cursor " 't' text: find all instances of the text under cursor " 'e' egrep: egrep search for the word under cursor " 'f' file: open the filename under cursor " 'i' includes: find files that include the filename under cursor " 'd' called: find functions that function under cursor calls " " Below are three sets of the maps: one set that just jumps to your " search result, one that splits the existing vim window horizontally and " diplays your search result in the new window, and one that does the same " thing, but does a vertical split instead (vim 6 only). " " I've used CTRL-\ and CTRL-@ as the starting keys for these maps, as it's " unlikely that you need their default mappings (CTRL-\'s default use is " as part of CTRL-\ CTRL-N typemap, which basically just does the same " thing as hitting 'escape': CTRL-@ doesn't seem to have any default use). " If you don't like using 'CTRL-@' or CTRL-\, , you can change some or all " of these maps to use other keys. One likely candidate is 'CTRL-_' " (which also maps to CTRL-/, which is easier to type). By default it is " used to switch between Hebrew and English keyboard mode. " " All of the maps involving the <cfile> macro use '^<cfile>$': this is so " that searches over '#include <time.h>" return only references to " 'time.h', and not 'sys/time.h', etc. (by default cscope will return all " files that contain 'time.h' as part of their name). " To do the first type of search, hit 'CTRL-\', followed by one of the " cscope search types above (s,g,c,t,e,f,i,d). The result of your cscope " search will be displayed in the current window. You can use CTRL-T to " go back to where you were before the search. " "go there the symbol is exist nmap <leader>s :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <leader>g :cs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <leader>c :cs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <leader>t :cs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <leader>e :cs find e <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <leader>f :cs find f <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR> nmap <leader>i :cs find i ^<C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR>$<CR> nmap <leader>d :cs find d <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> " Using 'CTRL-spacebar' (intepreted as CTRL-@ by vim) then a search type " makes the vim window split horizontally, with search result displayed in " the new window. " " (Note: earlier versions of vim may not have the :scs command, but it " can be simulated roughly via: " nmap <C-@>s <C-W><C-S> :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@>s :scs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@>g :scs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@>c :scs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@>t :scs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@>e :scs find e <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@>f :scs find f <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@>i :scs find i ^<C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR>$<CR> nmap <C-@>d :scs find d <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> " Hitting CTRL-space *twice* before the search type does a vertical " split instead of a horizontal one (vim 6 and up only) " " (Note: you may wish to put a 'set splitright' in your .vimrc " if you prefer the new window on the right instead of the left nmap <C-@><C-@>s :vert scs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@><C-@>g :vert scs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@><C-@>c :vert scs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@><C-@>t :vert scs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@><C-@>e :vert scs find e <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@><C-@>f :vert scs find f <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR> nmap <C-@><C-@>i :vert scs find i ^<C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR>$<CR> nmap <C-@><C-@>d :vert scs find d <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR> """"""""""""" key map timeouts " " By default Vim will only wait 1 second for each keystroke in a mapping. " You may find that too short with the above typemaps. If so, you should " either turn off mapping timeouts via 'notimeout'. " "set notimeout " " Or, you can keep timeouts, by uncommenting the timeoutlen line below, " with your own personal favorite value (in milliseconds): " "set timeoutlen=4000 " " Either way, since mapping timeout settings by default also set the " timeouts for multicharacter 'keys codes' (like <F1>), you should also " set ttimeout and ttimeoutlen: otherwise, you will experience strange " delays as vim waits for a keystroke after you hit ESC (it will be " waiting to see if the ESC is actually part of a key code like <F1>). " "set ttimeout " " personally, I find a tenth of a second to work well for key code " timeouts. If you experience problems and have a slow terminal or network " connection, set it higher. If you don't set ttimeoutlen, the value for " timeoutlent (default: 1000 = 1 second, which is sluggish) is used. " "set ttimeoutlen=100 endif
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